Nikolay and Michael discuss data model trade-offs — some cases where you might want to (gasp) de-normalize, and which PostgreSQL internals are at play. 
 
Here are some links to things they mentioned:

• Our episode on JSON https://postgres.fm/episodes/json 
• PostgreSQL limits https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/limits.html
• Boyce–Codd normal form https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyce–Codd_normal_form 
• Our episode on over-indexing https://postgres.fm/episodes/over-indexing 
• Heap-Only Tuples (HOT) optimisation https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/storage-hot.html 
• The Surprising Impact of Medium-Size Texts on PostgreSQL Performance https://hakibenita.com/sql-medium-text-performance 
• Query planner settings (collapse limits and Genetic Query Optimizer) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-query.html
•  WITH Queries (Common Table Expressions) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/queries-with.html 
• Our episode on benchmarking https://postgres.fm/episodes/benchmarking 
• The tests and benchmarks Nikolay mentioned https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/postgresql-consulting/tests-and-benchmarks/-/issues

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What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!

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Postgres FM is brought to you by:

• Nikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.ai
• Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustard

With special thanks to:

• Jessie Draws for the amazing artwork