CarlyWill Sloan talks about racial bias in police use of force.

"Does Race Matter for Police Use of Force? Evidence from 911 Calls" by Mark Hoekstra and CarlyWill Sloan.

OTHER RESEARCH WE DISCUSS IN THIS EPISODE:

• “An Alternative Test of Racial Prejudice in Motor Vehicle Searches: Theory and Evidence” by Shamena Anwar and Hanming Fang.

• “Generalising the Hit Rates Test for Racial Bias in Law Enforcement, with an Application to Vehicle Searches in Wichita” by Nicola Persico and Petra Todd.

• “A New Look at Racial Profiling: Evidence from the Boston Police Department” by Kate Antonovics and Brian G. Knight.

• “Testing for Racial Profiling in Traffic Stops From Behind a Veil of Darkness” by Jeffrey Grogger and Greg Ridgeway.

• “How Dark Is Dark? Bright Lights, Big City, Racial Profiling” by William C. Horrace and Shawn M. Rohlin.

• "Racial Bias in Police Investigations" by Jeremy West.

• Episode 19 of Probable Causation: Jeremy West.

• “An Empirical Analysis of Racial Differences in Police Use of Force” by Roland G. Fryer.

• "Not So Black and White: Uncovering Racial Bias from Systematically Misreported Trooper Reports" by Elizabeth Luh.

• "Diversity in Policing: The Role of Officer Race and Gender in Police-Civilian Interactions in Chicago " by Bocar Ba, Dean Knox, Jonathan Mummolo, and Roman Rivera.

• "In-group Bias and the Police: Evidence from Award Nominations" by Nayoung Rim, Bocar Ba, and Roman Rivera.

• "Peer Effects in Police Use of Force" by Justin E. Holz, Roman G. Rivera, and Bocar A. Ba.