Caroline Peyton is a historian and writer whose work focuses on nuclear history, environmental policy, and the modern American South. Her research examines how federal power, military infrastructure, and energy development shaped regional economies, landscapes, and public life. Peyton is best known for the book *Radioactive Dixie: A Nuclear History of the American South*, published by the University of Georgia Press in 2025, which traces the development of nuclear weapons production, testing, and waste management across Southern states and analyzes their long-term social and environmental consequences. Her scholarship situates Southern nuclear sites within broader national debates over security, labor, race, and environmental justice, contributing to interdisciplinary conversations in American history, environmental studies, and science and technology studies.