Michael D.J. Bintley is Senior Lecturer in Early Medieval Literature and Culture at Birkbeck, University of London. He studied literature and archaeology at University College London, and researches the landscapes and environments of early medieval England through texts and material culture. He is author of Trees in the Religions of Early Medieval England (Boydell, 2015), Settlements and Strongholds in Early Medieval England: Texts, Landscapes, and Material Culture (Brepols, 2020), and co-author of Landscapes and Environments of the Middle Ages (Routledge, 2023).