Phil Zuckerman is a sociologist and professor of sociology and secular studies at Pitzer College in Claremont, California. His research focuses on secularism, nonreligion, and the sociology of morality in contemporary societies. Zuckerman studies what he describes as substantial secularity, examining communities and cultures in which large numbers of people live without organized religion while maintaining social cohesion and ethical frameworks. He is the author of several books on secular life and belief, including *What It Means to Be Moral: Why Religion Is Not Necessary for Living an Ethical Life* (2019) and *Beyond Doubt: The Secularization of Society* (2023). His scholarship contributes to debates about religion, ethics, and social identity in modern societies.