Episode Transcript
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0:04
Hi, I'm rich swartz butt'ss
0:06
World. I'm Marco went.
0:08
Welcome to Amazing Wildlife, where we explore
0:10
unique stories of wildlife from around the world and
0:12
uncover fascinating animal facts. This
0:15
podcast is a production of iHeartRadio's Ruby
0:17
Studio and San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance
0:19
in international nonprofit conservation organization
0:22
which oversees the San Diego Zoo and Safari
0:24
Park.
0:26
Marco.
0:27
In our last episode, we learned about the impacts
0:29
of wildlife trafficking and heard our friend Kim
0:31
tell us all about the many things the female
0:34
king Klober endured before ending up with the San
0:36
Diego Zoo.
0:36
Yeah, you know that's right.
0:38
I know it can be kind of a hard story to hear,
0:40
but really happy she's safe
0:42
now and hopefully finds him mate soon.
0:44
And hopefully she likes that new mate, right.
0:47
I know that was something I found interesting when
0:49
Kim was talking to us about it. Mate selection
0:52
isn't just a male and female crossing
0:54
paths, and you know that's it.
0:56
I mean similar to.
0:57
Humans, right, I mean, many species show us that both
0:59
mates have to be mutually
1:01
interested in each.
1:02
Other exactly exactly, And she said that the female
1:05
could reject him for reasons that we don't even know.
1:07
But often a female animal of any species
1:09
is looking for the best match to make sure her
1:12
offspring will do well.
1:13
And that's a great spot to introduce today's
1:15
topic.
1:16
Yes, it is, Marco, it is indeed, because today
1:18
we are diving into female leadership in
1:20
the animal.
1:21
Kingdom, but not just the obvious
1:23
who's in charge of leadership?
1:24
Right?
1:24
I mean today we're also talking about
1:26
the behaviors and actions of a
1:29
single female that can influence
1:31
an entire family of animals.
1:33
That's right.
1:33
We're talking about lions, gorillas, elephants,
1:36
miracas, lemurs, and even killer whales
1:38
today killer whales
1:40
too. Yes, because we happen to have someone
1:42
with us who has had a career full of working
1:44
with all sorts of wildlife from all over the world,
1:47
even the killer whale.
1:52
I am Christy Burdis, Vice President of
1:54
Wildlife Care at the San Diego
1:56
Zoosafari Park.
1:57
Christy, you came all the way to us
2:00
for this interview instead of us going to Safari Park. But
2:02
real quick, before you get into all the cool things
2:04
about female animals, what.
2:07
Exactly VP of what?
2:09
Vice President of Wildlife Care at
2:12
the Safari Park.
2:13
So what does that mean? That
2:15
sounds very important. I know what you do,
2:17
but I want.
2:17
You to tell to audio it's a very important role.
2:19
I gotta say. So, we're really soaked that you're here taking
2:21
the time we talk to us.
2:22
Chriss, Well, thank you so much. I think
2:24
every role in our organization is extremely
2:27
important. But I feel very
2:29
honored to lead our wildlife care
2:31
department at the Safari Park. So
2:33
we have over two hundred wildlifecare specialists
2:36
that take care of over
2:38
three thousand animals that represent
2:40
over three hundred species.
2:42
Wow.
2:43
So just just a little bit of responsibility on
2:45
your shoulder, just.
2:48
A little bit.
2:49
What I love about our responsibility
2:51
is that no day is the same,
2:53
every day is a little bit different. And
2:56
of course the conservation work that
2:58
our organization does so incredibly
3:01
important. But also the opportunity
3:03
to connect with our guests to share the conservation
3:06
work that we do, and of course the
3:08
ability to come into our park to visit
3:11
areas of our park that represent places
3:13
all around the world that our guests could
3:15
potentially never have the opportunity
3:17
to go to and see the animals
3:20
that we have in our park. I think is just
3:23
an amazing opportunity.
3:24
No, it really is.
3:25
It really is.
3:26
And I think to go into
3:28
why you're here for us today, Not
3:31
only is it all the cool stuff we do for
3:33
conservation, our audience knows amazing
3:35
wildlife. Audience knows we do great
3:37
conservation work, and they know we know a lot
3:39
about animals. But having you here at the table right now
3:41
for us and for our audience is an opportunity
3:43
to learn a lot that maybe goes
3:46
unnoticed about animals and animal behavior.
3:49
So I'm really excited that you're here, honestly,
3:51
because this is gonna be really cool conversation.
3:53
It's probably one of my favorite things
3:55
to talk about is behavior,
3:58
and especially about female.
4:00
There you go, and that's a great segue.
4:02
Yeah, me too, one hundred percent.
4:03
This is great, especially for me in particular thinking
4:05
about the fluidity of gender rules and wildlife
4:08
as well. It's not the typical
4:10
patriarchy that you see in other situations.
4:12
It's a lot more going on in wildlife. And you
4:14
have some pretty wicked examples
4:16
that you were just kind of hinting at earlier in a conversation.
4:18
Can you speak a little bit about them?
4:20
Sure, you know, I've worked in the zoological
4:23
world for over three decades now,
4:25
and I just have always been fascinated
4:28
with animal behavior, and
4:30
so it's really really interesting. You
4:32
know, we are talking a few minutes ago about
4:36
matriarchal societies and patriarchal
4:38
societies, and I just find it fascinating
4:41
that with matriarchal societies,
4:44
I think sometimes we think about dominance
4:46
or aggression, and I don't necessarily
4:48
think that that's the case. I think that
4:51
it's more about leadership and influence,
4:53
and when we really look at it, it really
4:56
comes down to behavior. And
4:58
so what is the purpose of matriarchal
5:00
behavior and looking at it from
5:03
a physiological standpoint,
5:05
like why are females
5:07
engaging in those behaviors and what is
5:10
the purpose? And the purpose is
5:12
all about survival. It's all about survival
5:14
for the individual, but more importantly,
5:17
it's usually about survival for the
5:19
family.
5:20
Right Yeah, And actually I was just thinking, guys, for all
5:22
the little kids that are listening right now, when you're talking about
5:24
matriarchal like, what do you mean exactly when we're talking
5:26
about.
5:26
That matriarchal is about the female,
5:29
the female's role in the group or
5:31
the family.
5:32
Oh awesome, thank you.
5:33
Yes, I think we're going to have a really I
5:35
know we're going to really clear up the conversation, but
5:37
I don't want to jump to gund I appreciate what you just did, Marco.
5:40
Is we want to bring our audience into this conversation too.
5:42
Yeah, we've all been working with wildlife for a very
5:44
long time. We know all these terms, and so to
5:46
set the stage for our audience, I
5:48
want to point out what I think a lot of the general
5:51
public already knows, which is lions or great example,
5:53
you know, the big king of the jungle, he's got the main the
5:55
souse guy right, or this big silver
5:58
back gorilla. And we look at those when the
6:00
male lions in charge of the pride, and silver
6:02
back is in charge of the troop of gorillas.
6:05
But we start to break this down a little bit.
6:07
Yes, those boys do.
6:09
Protect the family, but
6:11
it's the females making the decisions for
6:13
lions, for example, right when to hunt,
6:15
where to hunt. They teach the younger females how
6:17
to hunt. The pride moves because
6:20
the females are deciding Okay, these other animals we're
6:22
hunting or migrating, so we're going to go as well.
6:24
So yeah, the boy does protect.
6:26
The big male lion does protect, But it's the females
6:28
that are making the big calls underneath
6:31
the surface, you know, really making the movers and shakers.
6:33
And we see similar stuff with the gorillas as well.
6:35
It's those females deciding on where the proper
6:37
food is for the troop, where they should
6:40
go, taking care of the young, and then teaching the young as they
6:42
come up, where the proper places
6:44
are to eat, When is this food right versus not
6:46
right? So we start to look at it that way.
6:48
Even with the groups of animals that are considered.
6:51
Male dominated or male lead.
6:53
There's really a lot more the females
6:55
are doing for that species than
6:57
sometimes we give.
6:58
Them credit for family at least for Maka as
7:00
an example. And you know, we always make the joke it's the
7:03
father, he's the one running the roofs, but we always making these like
7:06
no, really, it's ma who
7:08
is in control of all of it. But to your point,
7:10
right, the rhino, the elephant, the line and we
7:12
were saying are excellent examples of that.
7:14
But there's much more going on the complexities.
7:16
There's those social dynamics, right behavior wise you were
7:18
talking about, right, freend there's so much
7:20
more nuance that the females of the species
7:23
are adding to the survival of that particular.
7:25
Animal, right.
7:26
And again, I think it's really about looking at
7:28
those different behaviors and what is the purpose of
7:30
those behaviors. And you know, Ricky,
7:32
you just mentioned about gorillas
7:35
and we put these behaviors
7:38
in boxes and what we see traditionally
7:40
from male and female, what their roles are.
7:42
And I wanted to share a little story because
7:45
I think Winston, our silver back at
7:47
the Safari Park, is such a great example
7:49
of you know, what we know of a traditional
7:52
silver back is very dominant.
7:54
They display aggressive behaviors. I
7:57
would say he's not a typical silver
7:59
back, and you know, he has a troop
8:01
of females that he leads. And
8:04
one of the wildlife care specialists said
8:06
to me one day, you know Winston
8:09
is the best in all of us,
8:12
Yes, And I said, wow, I think
8:14
Winston has something to teach all of humanity.
8:17
He is just such a great representative
8:20
for the human race. And the reason why I
8:22
say that is he leads
8:25
through respect, he leads through care
8:27
and kindness. He definitely
8:30
make sure that the troupe
8:32
the females are all behaving
8:35
and when they are a little unrest
8:38
you know, he makes sure that he balances the
8:40
females out. He's very
8:42
tolerant. He lets the
8:44
little ones, you know, get away with a lot.
8:47
But he just he's Yeah, he's not the typical
8:50
male behavior that you see. And so
8:52
that's what I just I love to watch the
8:54
behavior and see, you know, he doesn't
8:56
have to display those behaviors, right,
8:59
and so I wouldn't describe him as
9:01
a typical silver back aggressive
9:04
behaviors. He displays behavior
9:06
that is needed for his troop.
9:08
Yeah, that's great, you guys.
9:09
It makes me think even bonobo, right, and whatever
9:12
closest cousins. I mean, I'm always
9:14
so fascinated with that topic of that societal
9:17
difference between chimpanzees and bonism. We
9:19
all know, but it's based on a female structure,
9:21
relationships, tactile touching,
9:23
cuddling.
9:24
Sharing food.
9:25
Yeah, the food sharing between them is like the big social
9:28
direction.
9:29
To your point, you know, attributing those animal
9:31
behaviors to our own human behaviors.
9:33
But we could learn a lot from bonobo or a gorilla,
9:35
you.
9:36
Know that respect, yes, and the bonobos,
9:38
the females coming together, yes, and
9:40
working together are far more
9:42
greater against one male than
9:45
say, chimps working against each other
9:47
through using aggression. I mean, you can
9:49
do a lot more through working together through
9:51
influence and positivity than you
9:54
can through violence.
9:55
I am loving this trend of guys talk about
9:57
girl power exactly.
9:58
And I want to jump back to what you said about Winston not
10:00
being the typical. I love the fact that wildlife
10:03
always shows us there's always an exception to
10:05
whatever rule. Whatever you might think
10:07
about any species, there's always going to be one of them out
10:09
there that's like.
10:10
Well, or we could do it this way. I
10:12
love that about Winston.
10:13
You were brought up to earlier, the matriarchal
10:16
stuff. And one thing I'm really excited about to Christy
10:19
is that you're bringing to the table something we don't normally get
10:21
to talk about is killer whales.
10:22
We'll get to them in a second, though.
10:23
I want to ease into that because we
10:25
did mention the term matriarchal. And although
10:27
we talked about and referenced the gorillas and
10:30
the lions, but the dominant males, the
10:32
matriarchals that we do know a lot of people
10:34
in general public knows that elephants are matriarchal.
10:37
It's the female that leads the way, does all the stuff.
10:39
You know, it's her offspring that tend to fall in place,
10:41
or her sisters, whatever it may be. But
10:44
then a lot of people may not know Meerkats
10:46
and lemurs are also matriarchal with one
10:48
female in charge.
10:50
She does mate selection her boy.
10:52
Her male partner only gets
10:54
his status because she has selected him.
10:57
And it's just an interesting thing that there are a lot more
10:59
species out there than are matriarchal
11:01
or female led. Then the average
11:04
person might know about.
11:06
Yeah, one hundred percent. You know, I'm gonna bring a bird up,
11:08
you guys, I'm gonna do it.
11:09
Yeah, I'm gonna do it. Right now, let's talk about
11:11
a cast to where you love life. I'll give you the shortest version.
11:13
I mean, this female way bigger than the male,
11:15
six foot tallways over one hundred pounds. Her
11:17
territory encompasses a variety of
11:20
different males in that territory. When it's
11:22
breeding season, that male is going to try to call this
11:24
female over. Now, he's got to think about consent.
11:26
And we talked about this in the first episode of The Cobra
11:29
Reading the Behavior Right Friend, Reading the behavior
11:31
right, gets the green light from the
11:33
female, so they copulight.
11:35
She drops those eggs.
11:36
And she is done, and she
11:38
moves off and she's a career girl.
11:40
She's got things to do. She moves off another
11:42
male, right, and all that structure. Yeah, he raises
11:45
the babies.
11:46
So I just love that.
11:47
Different nuance of behavior with wildlife
11:49
from a mammal to a bird, and
11:52
even our marine wildlife as well. Right,
11:54
and you're referencing the killer whale also, all these
11:56
interesting dynamics that females playing
11:58
these roles.
11:59
Absolutely, it's amazing how
12:01
animals came to be the way
12:03
they are, right, Yeah, right,
12:08
they know a lot more than we do.
12:10
Yes, well with that.
12:12
Then, the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance
12:14
has been doing a lot of work with
12:16
our partners, the National Ocean and Atmospheric
12:18
Administration or NOAH, and together
12:20
we're working to make sure there's the proper
12:22
health for the killer whales out there, using
12:25
new technology to be able to gain samples that
12:27
otherwise just even five ten years ago, we
12:29
couldn't imagine doing this work. But with drones
12:31
now not only can capture this information,
12:33
we can do real time studies on
12:36
it to make sure these animals are healthy. With that,
12:38
you have a vast knowledge of killer whales as well.
12:40
Speaking on this topic of matriarchal
12:42
and dominancy versus leadership, let's
12:45
have no pun intend to dive into killer whales.
12:50
I heard it coming and I.
12:52
Didn't mean good one. Rick Well,
12:54
I'm absolutely thrilled that the San Diego
12:56
Zoo Wildlife Alliance is partnering with
12:58
this really and work with the Southern
13:01
resident pod. They are an endangered
13:03
group and this is really important
13:05
work. I have been very passionate
13:08
about this work, and they are an incredible
13:10
species to learn from. They're a matriarchal
13:13
society, and I think one of
13:15
the things that's just so fascinating about
13:17
the species is that I would
13:19
ask people when they would look at killer whales,
13:22
like who do you think is the most dominant animal?
13:24
And they would always always say,
13:27
oh, that large male, you know, that
13:29
ten thousand pound male, he's in charge.
13:32
And I said, no, it's actually her
13:34
right there, the little, you know, five thousand
13:37
pound female, and yeah, they
13:39
thought, wow, there's no way. So
13:41
it's very interesting, and all the animals
13:43
that we've been talking about today, it's very different, very
13:45
variable, which again I love the diversity,
13:48
right that different animals,
13:50
different females. Some of them are larger, you
13:52
know hyena, the females are larger
13:54
than the males. Yeah, you just talked about the
13:57
cassereat. The females are very large. But another
14:00
species, like the kailer wheels, the females tend
14:02
to be smaller in size.
14:03
So I don't know that that's incredible and
14:06
be an apex predator, you guys. By
14:08
that, I mean like they're the top of the food chain everyone
14:11
in case you're wondering, right, and to that point,
14:13
right, it's female based and they're the top
14:15
predator in the ocean.
14:16
Are you kidding me?
14:17
Yeah, it's all about attitude. Yes,
14:20
So you know, they're incredible species.
14:22
And also what's really really interesting
14:25
about them is that they live in pods.
14:28
The females that obviously grow
14:30
up with the other females. They're learning those behaviors.
14:32
So in my work with them, you
14:35
would have the dominant, the matriarch, and
14:38
you would have her offspring, who is
14:40
maybe one thousand pounds
14:42
a little calf be displaying you
14:45
know, these matriarchal behaviors because
14:47
she had mom there to back her up. So
14:49
you'd see this ten thousand pounds bull and
14:52
this little tiny baby displaying
14:54
dominance over this giant bowl. It was
14:57
just it was really interesting
14:59
to watch that dynamic. And
15:01
of course he would respect the calf because
15:03
he knew Mom was right around
15:06
the corner. And they know to respect because that's
15:08
the matriarchs offspring.
15:09
I can hear somebody in our audience asking me, how
15:13
does it work that a smaller female
15:15
can be dominant over a larger male
15:17
or bull?
15:18
As you said, so what is it?
15:19
Because I believe in general,
15:21
you go to the safari park, the tallest
15:23
male giraffe is the one in charge, you know, the big
15:26
bowl of the water buffalo is the one that's.
15:28
Leaving the group.
15:29
You know, we always think it's the big one who
15:31
creates that dominant space because of their sheer
15:33
size.
15:34
But the dynamic is very different here.
15:36
So can you expand on that?
15:37
For us, It's all about behavior, right. You
15:39
see different ways that they swim, the
15:41
way they use their tail, they use their
15:43
teeth to rake one another. So
15:46
you watch the behavior of them and you'll see
15:48
animals move away from one another. You
15:50
just see them display certain dominance behavior.
15:53
So we would sometimes
15:55
say, like not that they can hear you, but
15:57
say, like, do you realize how big you are? And
16:00
you know they know it's it's a respect
16:02
they know that. Okay, I'm
16:04
going to respect that small animal because
16:07
they have to.
16:08
Yeah, I know it's a bit anthropomorphic
16:10
or putting human behaviors onto it, but it
16:13
almost sounds like you're saying it's about the attitude.
16:15
Yes, the attitude backs up the behavior
16:17
or vice versa.
16:18
Well, but I'm imagining the
16:20
classic honey badger facing off
16:22
with the lion and lion backing off.
16:24
Yeah, huge compared to the honey badger. But it's attitude.
16:27
So I almost feel is that a fair that's a great
16:29
comparison.
16:30
Absolutely, Even the value of that makes me think
16:32
of the culture of that pod, right, They're
16:35
preserving these essential tools
16:37
for hunting. I'm a huge predator fan, so that's
16:39
where my brain is going to Behaviorally, these
16:41
trades have to be taught to the next generation.
16:43
So it's valuable for the young
16:46
orca or kill a whale my apologies,
16:48
to learn from the dominant female and
16:50
get those traits to pass it on to the future
16:52
of that pod.
16:52
Right, that's right.
16:54
Well with that too, though, what Marko was just saying
16:56
about the learning from the
16:58
mother. Yes, we see that elephants
17:00
too, and a lot of studies have been done that if we lose
17:03
the matriarch to proaching
17:05
and the other older females, that the herd
17:07
kind of loses its history. It loses
17:09
like where's my migratory pattern? Where are the feeding
17:11
stops and the watering holes? Is that something
17:13
we would see in killer whales as well, if
17:16
the dominant or matriarchal female were
17:18
to be lost in that pod, if her
17:20
information hadn't been transferred down to her young
17:22
yet, is it possible that.
17:23
Pod loses its opportunities to rely
17:25
on the history.
17:26
Of her knowledge.
17:27
You know, I think it's different. It depends on
17:29
which pod you're speaking of, because you have two
17:31
different types of killer whales, and
17:33
also killer wells are found in every ocean of the world,
17:36
so it would be very dependent on what
17:38
group of killer wells that you were talking about.
17:40
Because the Southern resionent pod they
17:42
are mainly salmon eaters,
17:44
so yes, they are looking
17:46
for that salmon, which is a huge
17:49
issue for them, right because they're not only
17:51
looking for salmon which is not accessible
17:53
to them, but also the salmon is filled with toxins,
17:56
which is another issue that they're
17:58
dealing with. But you know, a lot of
18:00
people think that we were talking earlier
18:02
about killer well and the reason why they got their name
18:05
is that their killer of other whales, but
18:07
not all killer whales prey on dolphins
18:09
and whales. The Southern resident pods
18:12
they mainly prey on fish,
18:14
but the transient whales are whales
18:17
that move along our coasts. In fact,
18:19
I'm seeing a lot of information
18:21
on social media of killer wells moving
18:24
from Mexico up through California,
18:26
which has been amazing for people who live in
18:28
California because we don't normally
18:30
see killer wells along our coast. But
18:32
they are moving because they're trying to find food
18:35
sources. And the transient wells are the ones
18:37
that are preying on dolphins,
18:39
sea lions, and seals, so different
18:42
areas that those killer wells live in are
18:44
looking for those animals, so they're
18:47
not relying on a matriarch to go
18:49
and find they are literally they're
18:51
literally moving just trying to find
18:54
any food source. But
18:56
Southern resident pods, yes they
18:59
live in certain areas, they don't
19:01
leave those areas, but they move
19:03
around different areas and look for the salmon,
19:05
So yes, I think there could potentially
19:08
be an issue if they lost their matriarch
19:10
too soon.
19:11
That brings up another point.
19:12
There's so many different behaviors
19:14
seen in different residential areas of
19:16
these killer whales. You said they're in all oceans, but you
19:18
know, these behave this way, these behave that way, and
19:21
it's so fascinating.
19:22
The more we learn about these species,
19:24
the more we get to talk to people like.
19:25
You, Christian, the more it's like, oh, but wait a minute, what about
19:27
that?
19:27
There's just like question after questions, So I really appreciate
19:30
the information you're bringing to us.
19:31
And it's just one of those things where I'm
19:34
hopeful.
19:34
That this episode's an opportunity for people to
19:36
look at animal behavior and
19:39
instead of just going down the classic oh
19:41
that's the dominant male or that's whatever, is
19:43
to question like what am I seeing? Why is
19:45
this behavior happening? And the other part of
19:47
it too. It's sometimes the one in charge isn't even
19:50
the matrix. Sometimes decisions are made by
19:52
the secondary or whomever, you
19:54
know, So there's that layer two.
19:56
Yeah, I think that's one of the biggest mistakes
19:58
we can make is that we think that the
20:01
most submissive animal is
20:04
oftentimes is not the most submissive
20:06
animal. Oftentimes it's the next
20:08
animal in charge.
20:10
It's the animal that the most dominant animals
20:12
trying to keep at bay from taking
20:15
over. So you have to have more
20:17
observations and more understanding
20:19
of what's going on and why are animals
20:21
engaging in that behavior, which
20:24
then can tie into the human behavior.
20:25
Right.
20:26
Behavior is a function of consequence,
20:28
and so the more that you can observe
20:31
and try and understand. There are no bad
20:33
people, there are no bad animals.
20:36
It's all about behavior and trying to understand
20:38
why someone's doing something, why are they engaging
20:41
in that. I think we'll tell you
20:44
what you need to fix and what you need to offer.
20:46
Yeah, one hundred percent. So much we can learn from wildlife.
20:49
Thanks so much.
20:50
For making our brains work now I have
20:52
so many more questions.
20:53
Yes, so this is really really great friend.
20:55
Yeah, thank you so much for you. Really appreciate your time.
20:58
I loved it anytime.
21:01
What a great conversation with Christy.
21:03
Oh, I know, I mean she's amazing
21:06
and you know so much great insight into
21:08
leadership versus dominancy in the animal
21:10
kingdom, and I love how she reminded
21:12
all of us that it's the observation of
21:15
behavior that really gives us the information
21:17
we need to better understand wildlife
21:19
exactly.
21:20
And although there is a lot more out there
21:22
when it comes to how different species interact with
21:24
each other, or who leads the group troop
21:26
h I've heard or flock, I think it's fair
21:28
to say we learned a lot.
21:30
Today, and not just about the matriarchical leadership,
21:32
but also how these leadership positions
21:34
can be passed down from mother to daughter
21:37
instead of leadership just being taken by brute
21:40
force. It's something that is taught by
21:42
the elders and learned by the next generation.
21:44
Well here we are only episode two in this
21:46
season, and already you and I are both fascinated
21:48
by what our guests are bringing to each episode.
21:51
That is one hundred percent true, friend,
21:53
and our next episode promise is to be just
21:55
as interesting.
21:57
What a perfect segue a lead in if you will,
21:59
to wrapping up this episode, and we want to remind
22:01
everyone to subscribe and tune into our
22:03
next episode, in which we learn more about the
22:05
ongoing efforts of butterfly conservation
22:07
and how you can help protect these
22:09
amazing pollinators.
22:14
Al Marco Wentz.
22:15
And I'm Rich Schwartz. Thanks for listening.
22:19
For more information about the San Diego Zoo and
22:21
San Diego Zoo Safari Park, go to SDZWA
22:24
dot org. Amazing Wildlife is a
22:26
production of iHeartRadio. Our supervising
22:29
producers are Nikia Swinton and Dylan
22:31
Fagan, and our sound designers are Sierra
22:33
Spreing and Matt Russell. For more
22:35
shows from iHeartRadio, check out the iHeartRadio
22:38
app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you
22:40
listen to your favorite shows.
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