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per month. Slows. It's

1:15

been a half century since the Civil

1:17

War surrender or that doesn't seem to

1:19

matter much here. on a beautiful, clear

1:21

day in Atlanta in November, Nineteen Twenty.

1:25

In this team in town full

1:27

of commerce, a man of color

1:30

must still tread carefully on the

1:32

streets around him or workers some

1:34

white, some black and route to

1:37

construction jobs, office buildings, restaurants and

1:39

the railroad station. White businessman in

1:42

bundled codes and find suits, smoke

1:44

chatting, Among themselves and the sidewalks

1:46

forwards and Chrysler's jockey for position

1:49

with trolley cars and trucks. This

1:52

man whose face is lined

1:54

with worried age and hard

1:56

fieldwork searches furtively for an

1:59

address is. Hold on home! Checking.

2:02

Building numbers and street signs. he takes

2:04

subtle measures to not make a scene

2:06

of himself. He

2:08

locates the government office, the Bureau

2:10

of Investigation, He

2:13

has come to tell the story. Of

2:15

black men and women like him. Being

2:17

forced to work for no pay in

2:20

Jackson County. To

2:22

tell of their entrapment by a

2:24

boss who paid their petty fines for

2:26

fabricated crimes. Only to confine

2:28

them on his farm in horrible working

2:30

and living conditions. The

2:33

man carries scars from lashes on

2:35

his back. His most recent field

2:37

escape attempt. Gus

2:39

Chapman is his name is man who

2:42

has come to Atlanta and a crime

2:44

of peanuts is the story he means

2:46

to tell. The. Perpetrator

2:48

of which will do near anything to

2:51

avoid the law. Even

2:53

commit murder, Elo

3:04

American history at listeners Glad you're here

3:06

on Don Wildman. Today, we

3:08

entered tough territory not so long ago

3:10

in America's past me early decades of

3:13

the twentieth century down south in rural

3:15

Georgia. This is a dark and twisted

3:17

tale of criminal murderous behavior on a

3:19

scale that would be shocking today, let

3:22

alone in Nineteen Twenty one. And.

3:24

While the violence we will speak

3:26

of was exceptional in his deviants,

3:28

it was representative of an insidious,

3:30

widespread economic racket conceived in effect

3:32

to prolong the enslavement of free

3:35

men and women. Fifty years after

3:37

the surrender of Southern Army's at

3:39

Appomattox and a passage of constitutional

3:41

amendments to eradicate it. Can't.

3:43

Say enough about it really is dismal

3:45

era of our past. Winning the Civil

3:47

War was only the first chapter of

3:49

the undoing of slavery in America and

3:52

the epic novel that unfolds over the

3:54

subsequent centuries with a cast a remarkable

3:56

figures who fight back is the historic

3:58

legacy we possess in our. The Lives.

4:01

So. Let's take a look at this time. In

4:03

the company of New York Times best

4:06

selling author Url Swift, who has written

4:08

a book on the subject comes out

4:10

in April this year and it's entitled

4:12

Hell Put To Save The Nineteen Twenty

4:15

One Murder Farm Massacre and the Horror

4:17

of America's Second Slavery. Welcome.

4:19

Url Swift glad to meet you Dance Thanks

4:21

so much! Ravenous! I've. Already said it,

4:23

it is a tragic discussion. Here we're we're

4:26

about to have about murder and mayhem. And

4:28

will get to all that. but I

4:30

need to first set the scene. There

4:32

is a practice which your book is

4:34

about in general. And I prefer

4:36

to which must be clearly defined it's called

4:38

peanuts. Debt servitude across the

4:41

South proliferated immediately after the

4:43

Civil War, and was very

4:45

soon prohibited by Federal legislation

4:47

the Peanuts Act of Eighteen

4:49

Sixty Seven, Enforcement of the

4:51

Thirteenth Amendment outlawing slavery, but

4:53

still, this system persisted for

4:55

decades. How so? Url. Well

4:57

it was a convenient and kind

5:00

of socially acceptable way to keep

5:02

black people down to preserve seats.

5:04

asymmetrical relationship to date had was

5:06

near the white majorities for generations

5:09

at that point and they did.

5:11

It is economically the powers that

5:13

be look the other way as

5:15

the in age from dead servitude

5:18

took a number of form sunni

5:20

muslim the south and that. It.

5:22

Takes a number of different forms been

5:25

in the form that I can focus

5:27

on the spot job which is pretty

5:29

torments his beard. Say a young black

5:31

man in nineteen twenty one you're arrested

5:33

on a trifling charge. A currency was

5:35

a saver it which basically means you

5:37

have no money in your pocket or

5:39

you have no job and know you're

5:41

not immediately going to get once and

5:44

you might be tossed into the jungle.

5:46

Can't stand it with salt dollar phone

5:48

and that five dollar sign. Smallest be

5:50

five dollars because there's no way a

5:52

black. Man in nineteen twenty one's going

5:54

to have five dollars to post bail

5:56

so you face a choice. You can

5:58

go to the chain gang which was

6:00

the feat for an awful lot of

6:02

people or maybe a local farmer would

6:05

throw into the jail and offers to

6:07

pay off your sign issue came in

6:09

your workout your sentence on shoes property

6:11

and he likes of a pretty attractive

6:13

would certainly in a when you're facing

6:15

that the chain game a prospect and

6:17

to have army getting three squares the

6:19

barracks and doing more to you might

6:21

be otherwise be doing anyway it's it

6:23

looks pretty good and once again on

6:25

the farms course you realize that are

6:27

no protections that you'd enjoy Detail namely.

6:30

Seat or not guarantee that you can

6:32

be released when used in served are

6:34

times that farmer to add the cost

6:36

of your clothing and food and board.

6:39

To. The find that you oh I'm so

6:41

they would start out as a couple

6:43

months sons winds a license and you

6:45

really have absolutely no recourse. You can't

6:47

get out of tests of foreign that

6:49

it takes some this story it's not

6:52

the most common but is a bird

6:54

com swansea much. As impossible

6:56

cycle of death. eternal servitude as

6:58

you say, Virtual. Slavery This

7:00

after that was passed in Eighteen

7:03

Sixty Seven. Was. Not

7:05

effective or not enforced. Wasn't.

7:07

Even aimed at black people in South

7:09

at all, it was intended to stop

7:12

the spread of teenage from Mexico taken

7:14

root their back to me in the

7:16

nation some mid nineteenth century and in

7:18

the years have to the Civil War.

7:20

it looks like it was spilling over

7:22

into the Us territory, some the Southwest

7:24

and in fact in some cases was

7:27

being enforced by the Us Army and

7:29

Congress caught wind of it and decided

7:31

you know, This is something

7:33

we need to nip in the bud.

7:35

So they put together a an axe

7:37

past him beating sixty seven that outward

7:40

image but it really lax tees in

7:42

that to whisper little enforcement mechanism. And

7:45

so while practice was illegal, you can

7:47

do it pretty much with impunity sure.

7:49

And by the time you get to

7:51

Johnson and all those destruction of of

7:53

reconstructions with that kind of enforcement becomes

7:55

less and less possible. It reminds

7:57

me I mean ramp about. I was thinking.

8:00

Share grabbing When I first approaches story, it's not

8:02

like that, right? I mean, intercropping was two thirds

8:04

white people in the south really? It.

8:06

Was by of course they could fall

8:09

into into the Death Cyclists as well.

8:11

and actually sharecrop in can use was

8:13

often a facet of sharecrop. They're not

8:16

two distinct sings, necessarily. When so

8:18

frightening works well, when it works the

8:20

way was originally conceived. You as a

8:22

laborer go to work for landlord. He

8:25

gives you a plot of land

8:27

to work, He gives you a place

8:29

to live, and you produce a crowd

8:31

than you paid your consists of a

8:34

percentage of that crap. When Harvest

8:36

House. Now. The way it

8:38

really works Awesome was dead in which

8:40

works that landlord and you didn't have

8:43

any sued to put on the table

8:45

until you got paid for your service

8:47

and to be i sleep produce the

8:49

crops so the landlord would front view

8:52

money or or predictions for the many

8:54

months that you had to survive to

8:56

produce that crap. Now he

8:58

also stop would inflate the heck out

9:01

of the prices of those items. Or

9:05

perhaps each would seem to on the

9:07

crop and at noon on your what

9:09

your crotch market you'd have no way

9:11

to question him because you're a black

9:13

man and he likes Never did you

9:15

kill pretty quickly. You know it's

9:17

a more subtle form of teenage, but it's

9:19

every bit as much of a person's. So.

9:22

This is the system in practice. This pianist practice

9:24

in the early decades be stretching into the twentieth

9:26

century. Him the really started in the nineties, but

9:28

it went right up to. Fifty years into

9:30

the twentieth century, we're going to be talking about the

9:32

Nineteen Twenties here. It is widespread.

9:34

It's being relied on by all sorts,

9:37

but in this case it's a man

9:39

named John as Williams southern farmer and

9:41

Jasper County. Georgia. Father.

9:43

Of twelve two thousand acre plantation doing

9:45

well in life despite I suppose fifty

9:47

years before being you know in the

9:49

way of Sherman's March Hermes rest of

9:51

the print on their near Alabama can

9:53

you describe this farm and how peanuts

9:55

worked for Williams have of workers in

9:57

their families live their. Whims,

10:00

Ran a spread in chess Cook

10:02

County which is by forty miles

10:04

southeast of it where it is

10:06

into pieces here. Home place of

10:08

about three hundred and twenty five

10:10

acre. Said he worked himself sundance

10:12

his oldest son's nursery result older

10:14

sons worked a much larger. Seven

10:16

hundred and sixty acre spread. About

10:19

five miles away, and the bulk of

10:21

these the laborers of the farm employed

10:23

were over there on those distant tracks.

10:25

Manage their songs. You two classes of

10:28

labor working for me at a couple

10:30

of families extended families who actually lived

10:32

on the property had been with him

10:35

for a long time. sixteen years or

10:37

better. They were sleeping for their

10:39

work in one form or another. neither

10:41

sharecrop toward they were paid us or

10:43

wage. She augmented their labor at harvest

10:45

time and and various other points in

10:47

the or by going to the local

10:49

jails. And

10:51

Monticello which is the Jasper County seat

10:54

and bailing out guys who are who

10:56

are being held on pressing charges and

10:58

bringing them in and holding the prisoner

11:00

forcing him to sleep and scenes in

11:03

a are are locked up bunkhouse. All

11:05

the lox from the outside of the

11:07

place. Young whipping them

11:09

constantly for infractions, real and imagined

11:12

abusing them pretty badly. He's not

11:14

an old man, right? He didn't

11:16

grow up with slaves, or did

11:19

he. Know. Know she was

11:21

born eighteen sixty six in the slavery

11:23

by years he know the context of

11:25

this man's you know is reference points

11:27

in this. that's how com and this

11:29

practice was. It was just the way

11:31

was done. Yeah I don't know that

11:33

our the Williams was necessarily the biggest

11:35

practitioner but am one of the biggest

11:37

spread some Jasper County and was well

11:39

known through the county that he was

11:41

up to this and no one ever

11:43

made an attempt to stop. And

11:45

there is murder about this even before the

11:47

story were about to tell. not unusual the

11:49

south of his time, obviously with all the

11:51

lynchings and so forth. But this.

11:53

Becomes part of life, even on

11:56

this plantation earlier than what we're

11:58

about to talk about, right? The

12:00

dollars going back At least two or

12:02

nineteen. Ten or so Williams Head not

12:04

treated she's acquisitions from the local jails

12:07

cheerfully On several occasions had just murdered

12:09

people for again fractions real or imagined.

12:11

Go one elderly couples who had been

12:14

on the farm for quite some time.

12:16

he said for a job fair shot

12:18

to death simply because they've reached an

12:21

age where they were no longer able

12:23

to work as hard. yeah, me. And

12:25

you know the thing to remember said

12:28

as penises full on slavery chattel. Slavery

12:30

had been of slaveholder had the

12:32

financial incentives to keep his property

12:34

healthy, he had a lot of

12:37

money and bastion and slaves and

12:39

consequently Weldon feelings were part of

12:41

the pictures. You wouldn't see a

12:43

landowner necessarily be someone's to isn't

12:45

into this life that worked against

12:47

his own interests. On the other

12:50

hand somebody who's holding pl it's

12:52

the whole investment T has in

12:54

those people is be very small

12:56

find that he paid to get

12:58

them out of. Out of jail

13:00

and he is very little financial incentive to

13:03

care for them at all. he comes to

13:05

can tell them are working to death and

13:07

than simply go to the challenge and another

13:09

replace such. Williams has demonstrated that she had

13:12

very little regard for the live some while

13:14

service people. I'll.

13:19

Be back with more American history after this

13:21

short break. Hey.

13:35

I'm Ryan Reynolds recently I us Mint

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Mobile legal team is big wireless companies

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they said us, are you talking with

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Mint mobile.com/ We, my daughter Fatima

14:01

Possibilities Com or even if that's where someone at a

14:03

time I'm gonna do more than forty five some alternate

14:05

Mint mobile.com. Our

14:07

Did Hitler sexuality shape his worldview?

14:10

Why is the Black Death lead

14:12

to the rise of the which

14:14

and what are some of the.

14:16

Sources: Scandal involving kings and

14:19

Queens A Comforting. Thought I

14:21

don't know about you but this

14:23

is the history I want to

14:25

hear about if you do to

14:27

them. Join me table his death every

14:29

Tuesday and Friday to find out the.

14:31

Answers to all of these quests. My

14:41

sister. To

14:49

we have cruz who are coming

14:51

back from the fields who are

14:53

sleeping in lox bunkhouses. In. Chains.

14:56

They are enslaved by any

14:58

definition of the word. There.

15:01

Has been rumors of murder on this

15:03

plantation. But. It's kind of a an

15:05

open secret. In Nineteen Twenty though, a

15:07

man named Gus Chapman who has lived and worked

15:09

at the Will Use Place. He escapes

15:11

and makes his way to the bureau in

15:14

this investigation. Is early F B I

15:16

days in Atlanta and tell them about the

15:18

conditions there. Does he talk about the murders?

15:20

Or if you shoot outs. In fact, he

15:23

probably wouldn't have too much traction with the

15:25

agents has she not brought up the fact

15:27

that he had seen murders take place before

15:29

his eyes, particularly the murder of a pianist

15:32

to went by the nickname of black Rat.

15:34

Summit. Run away from the plantation and

15:37

Green said cracking down. So he reports

15:39

this to the agents their the F

15:41

B I agents in Atlanta who then

15:43

come to investigate right? February Eighteen, Nineteen

15:45

Twenty one. They come out. More.

15:47

Guess Chairman tells you to another p

15:49

on within very few days. Also turned

15:52

up at the Bureau of Investigation done

15:54

in chains for twenty. He told a

15:56

story that dovetail perfectly with test Chapman's

15:58

at that point. The. World

16:02

about investigating seen as supplies because

16:04

it's it's difficult crime to disappear

16:06

to prove and even if you

16:08

establish that is taking place, the

16:10

punishments are pretty meager. He switched

16:12

the justice and after the second

16:14

account okay we better go down

16:17

the talks about our survey data

16:19

to drive down to just protagonist

16:21

sometimes Jarvis. What. What? Are

16:23

they learn? I mean they interview black farmhands? Their?

16:25

do they hear the story on on the ground

16:27

there and I would think not because it's so

16:29

terrifying situation for them. They

16:31

interview and number of smokers.

16:34

All of whom appear to be too

16:36

terrified to say a word. Painters he

16:39

wins or As and his sons at

16:41

waves and Williams issues amid all the

16:43

people working on his place are happy

16:45

to know that no one's been killed,

16:48

your against or well nobody's blocked up

16:50

as crazy and although they see the

16:52

bunkhouse with the locks on the outside

16:54

and although they are convinced by the

16:56

responses to laborers that something so full

16:59

that they need to get to the

17:01

bottom of the leaves the plantation that

17:03

day without taking any definitive. Backs. They.

17:06

Are suspicious? Of course. I mean something's

17:08

going on here and they know that

17:10

there is possibly Ally being told. Oh.

17:12

They have very little doubt subpoenaed is

17:15

taking place The. Strategy.

17:17

That they plan to pursue his to

17:19

get some these labor's away from the

17:21

plantation, away from William so that they

17:23

can speak freely and with that enhance

17:25

the kinda and go back to the

17:28

plantation Mexico Rest. So. At that

17:30

point, rumors abound. I mean, people are

17:32

talking and and Williams figures he's a

17:34

target, right? So. He makes

17:36

a decision to the phrases

17:38

unbelievable was passed on to

17:40

be by producer to kill

17:42

the evidence and that's where

17:44

this really gets weird. It's

17:47

yes, he decides gave ceases

17:49

a greater danger being prosecuted

17:51

by the sense from teenage.

17:53

That. He would be his humor be prosecuted

17:55

by the state for murder so see

17:57

the side so she said into sports.

18:00

Ph and he does best

18:03

unbelievably the decision he makes.

18:05

No. In the. Piano. At

18:08

the worst you can face and

18:10

abuse charges Five years and five

18:12

thousand dollars or both. Not

18:15

us. It's a lot different from a murder

18:17

charge that. Join. The swings as

18:19

a white man in the only witnesses

18:21

against him on either church would be

18:23

black and he figures he is better

18:25

chance in state court among his neighbors

18:27

now puts me Bruce's terse. Anyone going

18:29

to run and sitting in federal court

18:31

is a radical decision he makes. It's

18:33

an insane calculus. It makes no sense

18:35

that he did it. So.

18:37

Url Let me get a handle

18:40

on this. A criminal practice based

18:42

on Icon, which is essentially what

18:44

piano just involves: the case of

18:46

a plantation owner extracting a debt

18:48

that can't be repaid from as

18:50

laborers. It's a criminal practice known

18:53

as Peanuts aka a. Second,

18:55

slavery widespread across the South finally draws

18:57

the attention of the Land Office of

18:59

the F B I and and Williams,

19:01

this plantation owner knows he's the target

19:04

of suspicion of peanuts and much worse.

19:06

So. Here's when things get really

19:08

gruesome. We. Talked and last part

19:11

about the killing of the evidence is

19:13

a horrible term for essentially murdering his

19:15

laborers, right? Yeah, yeah, absolutely. What were

19:17

the steaks here for? Williams We touched

19:19

on a briefly, but I want to

19:21

be clear: this is a man who

19:23

is in total charge of his world.

19:25

Plantation. Owner white farmer. Has

19:28

been get away with this stuff for years.

19:30

has even been known to murder of labor's

19:32

already. Suddenly this is what he

19:34

faces because the feds have com looks

19:37

guess the forerunner of the F B

19:39

I did or of discuss things as

19:41

Williams and probably quite a few others

19:43

like him so completely immune from the

19:45

laws that govern the treatment of black

19:48

people. I think that's really what the

19:50

I don't think that he viewed black

19:52

people as as anything more than livestock

19:54

when you get down to it and

19:56

conducted themselves accordingly. He was a monster.

19:58

This was not. So this

20:01

is February of Nineteen Twenty One.

20:03

This. Is the the renders act we

20:06

when referring to. He. Murders

20:08

or has murdered eleven

20:10

black farmhands. I'm going

20:12

on read their names because I hate when

20:15

these historic stories just become a. A

20:17

bland sort of thing. Here they are

20:19

Eleven name's Johnny Williams John will gather.

20:22

John. Brown Johnny Benson.

20:25

Willie. Preston Harry Price

20:27

Lindsay Peterson, Johnny.

20:29

Green Willie Givens Trolley

20:31

Chisholm. And. Fletcher Smith.

20:34

That's. How many people he murders in order

20:36

to so call kill his evidence cabinet

20:38

happen had a murder? These people, when

20:40

did that happen or appear to time

20:42

were made a decision a few days

20:44

after The sense it does that the

20:46

plantation that he had to take action

20:48

and so he enlisted the help of

20:50

one of these laborers who belong to

20:52

the families who actually lived on the

20:54

plantation and had been there for while

20:56

young men implied manning twenty seven years

20:58

old. And he told Clyde what?

21:00

enough? To kill all these

21:03

be brought to kill everybody that we got out of the

21:05

trails. Trust to succeed

21:07

and so together. They then manning

21:09

having been threatened with death himself

21:12

as he didn't participate. They.

21:14

Then work your way through the the

21:16

workforce day. Shot in one. Of

21:19

the of victims Fletcher Smith. Williams.

21:21

Dispatched him with a double barreled shotgun

21:23

the bludgeoned to death for others, one

21:26

of whom died while digging its own

21:28

great. Stick. And some. They.

21:31

Bound with wire and stained glass,

21:33

some two bags of rocks and

21:35

threw them alive. Office local brooches

21:37

into area of reverse. All this

21:39

happens in a weekend. I mean

21:41

what and how damn Quick. Rank.

21:44

Opinion about twelve days altogether. How to

21:46

the authorities discover this? How does it

21:48

come to light? Wealth? He wouldn't gotten

21:50

away with this. These men would have

21:52

been missed by no one and the

21:54

said smear might have been months before

21:56

the says came back to the plantation

21:58

and had they not seen any of

22:00

the say this is a recognized they

22:02

would have assumed probably that. Those.

22:04

Men feel trapped in front of a

22:06

transient lifestyle. had moved on and wouldn't

22:08

some sure with told him that yeah

22:11

but what happened was said earth's the

22:13

rivers ran loves that said or that

22:15

march and a few days after the

22:17

killing and start a couple of bodies

22:19

popped up to me and the Yellow

22:21

River. A few miles from the Williams

22:24

Temptation and were discovered by little Boy Atlanta Brutal

22:26

Back And that was the beginning of the and.

22:29

So. The Immediately arrest Williams

22:31

and Manning. So. Begins the

22:33

prosecution of this case. A

22:35

keeper minds penis is almost never tried and

22:37

these days. But. This one is

22:39

clearly exceptional. Although. I wonder if

22:42

it were sleepless? I mean that's that's something

22:44

we gotta keep in mind as as this

22:46

is just by scale right? I mean this

22:48

is an ordinary circumstances that would have been

22:50

talked about among plantation owners throughout history of

22:52

suppose. He asked i hadn't of

22:54

this scale was the key here. Bodies of

22:56

probably turned up and a pretty regular basis

22:58

throughout Jasper County an old Georgia over the

23:00

years and know when it really given her

23:02

a whole lot of talk to it as

23:04

long as as bad a. Your.

23:07

Your cat, it's possible to ignore

23:09

it. was aware of. Mass

23:13

Market tortilla with the were in each

23:16

month and a receipt number was not

23:18

a practice, it was friend center and

23:20

in people's thinking. Well. This is

23:22

an extraordinary story is deserves to

23:24

be read about in full detail

23:27

through your book. Called is Held

23:29

put the same the Nineteen Twenty

23:31

one Murder far Massacre and the

23:33

horror of Americans Second Slavery. This

23:35

is what's so amazing about the

23:37

stories that wow were immersed in

23:39

an incredibly awful crime. Really

23:41

gruesome stuff. We're all so

23:43

immersed in this reality of

23:46

America at this age. I.

23:48

Think I venture say most listeners are

23:50

aware of segregation and the Jim Crow

23:52

laws. We've heard all these terms so

23:54

many times. Many people are not aware

23:56

of the Peons activities Sixty Seven, and

23:58

the failure of it. And. Therefore,

24:00

the sort of system of second

24:02

slavery that had gone on for

24:04

decades. Fifty years. This is the

24:06

norm. This is how things are

24:08

going west. How much subpoenaed actually

24:10

usher in segregation or where they

24:12

kind of separate his two sons.

24:15

Are things that were just part of

24:17

the east? The mechanism of Jim Crow

24:19

known of the black codes. If your

24:22

team and right after the Civil War

24:24

concerned about sleight of hand way of

24:26

keeping the black people down, use a

24:29

bunch of interlocking laws that to guarantee

24:31

that the has to work. The Tampa

24:33

leads are jobs you know without the

24:35

permission of their employer and so clean.

24:38

And it was an extreme Sasha both

24:40

bowl Jim Crow picture but it was

24:42

in characters sometimes. It's a

24:44

fascinating. Step. By step process

24:46

to go through objectively. What? Is

24:49

taking place you know, as penises

24:51

outed. One. Of the things that

24:53

happens is the founding of the Naacp which is a

24:56

reaction to so much violence in the South. The lynchings

24:58

a so fortnightly know nine of started in Night and

25:00

New York. This begins

25:02

really the push back against

25:04

this stuff. It wouldn't have

25:06

happened without the coverage. This.

25:08

Case got from the North would it? I

25:11

mean I'm not relating exactly the sounding of

25:13

the and double seabirds, but this is all

25:15

part of this greater publicity and understanding of

25:17

how horrific these practices down south had become.

25:20

Spicing. Just there's absolutely true

25:23

this space on what was

25:25

an abstraction to most people

25:27

I think within weeks of

25:30

the Federal agents. Desert.

25:32

In February. Twenty twenty one to

25:34

the plantation A cat. This whole

25:36

thing started. It's the Naacp just

25:38

weeks before appointed. It's. First

25:40

Block Leaders. Themes: Weldon Sciences

25:42

and or Johnson and says Lieutenant

25:44

Walter a flight his head and

25:46

denouncing teenage for years at that

25:48

point and head for Elite for

25:50

a little to show for it

25:52

does case seen as as it

25:54

was enabled them to have to

25:56

really kind of beat the drum

25:58

in a way. American noticed how

26:00

much of this was a George Floyd moment

26:03

in that time. The. I think

26:05

it was his tours Soy movement

26:07

and I think that's the case

26:09

in Georgia more than any place

26:11

else. I think that the for

26:13

received nature and the scale of

26:15

this was such that the people

26:17

closest to the crime were the

26:19

ones who reacted most stridently to

26:21

a nice dismayed news coast to

26:23

coast and be made news worldwide

26:25

exactly Swiss are soon story and

26:28

which makes it all the more

26:30

remarkable that it is completely vanished

26:32

from the public consciousness and in.

26:34

Georgia This provoked self losing in the

26:36

hard to a degree that surprised me

26:39

at least when I was doing a

26:41

research and really prompted a and of

26:43

a general scared of mayor cult of

26:45

the white population. Ladies. And gentlemen,

26:48

you need readers mans books url Swift

26:50

is a New York Times bestselling author known

26:52

for Chesapeake Requiem on top of so many

26:54

top ten lists back and eighteen or twenty

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teams about a two hundred year old crabbing

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community entendre island. In The Chesapeake.

27:01

Other titles like Across The Airless

27:03

Wilds Auto Biography, The Big Roads.

27:06

Google him up for a reporter for the reason you

27:08

pilot. You. Write books that I would

27:10

suspect to speak to me or I really

27:12

like it's we had a similar sensibility and

27:14

I really presented our for thank you so

27:16

much that. He thanks for

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