0:00

In. Today's podcast. You'll learn

0:02

some useful vocabulary connected to

0:04

the topic of gender equality

0:07

so that you can speak

0:09

about this subject with more

0:11

accuracy and effectiveness. Welcome to.

0:14

A brand therein lies with

0:16

Reza and Craig. Hello!

0:28

And welcome especially if you are

0:30

a you listening to the podcast

0:33

my name's Craig and my name's

0:35

Resin and with more than fifty

0:37

years of teaching english between us

0:39

resident I going to help you

0:41

improve your english and take it

0:43

to the next level. How you

0:46

feeling Mates M To be honest

0:48

I feel a little bit and

0:50

a bit tired today. Was.

0:52

That might reza. What did you? did

0:54

you go out last night? I was

0:56

I last night I was one of

0:59

the very rare occasions or these days

1:01

that I had a few drinks and

1:03

got back quite late. I haven't done

1:05

that in quite a while. What about

1:07

you? What I was with you? I

1:09

wasn't drinking but I did have a

1:11

late night and very little silly. But

1:13

I'm happy to be podcasting and I

1:16

think it's a wake me up because

1:18

first this week we have a voice

1:20

message from friend of the So Olga.

1:27

Hello! Kraken grandson it's me older

1:29

and this cause mischief and some

1:32

pot cause like Craig and in

1:34

all honesty I really appreciate it.

1:37

Crickets is my teacher who is

1:39

health and mean my preparation for

1:41

the Cambridgeshire exam but each and

1:44

every time analysis and t a

1:46

but cause I love it. Really,

1:49

it is so and I'm

1:51

waiting for Sunday he to

1:53

hear the new one. Unfortunately,

1:56

I don't know Reza personally,

1:58

but I'm sure he. perfect

2:00

at what he does as well as great.

2:03

So without further ado I'll get

2:05

started. First of all

2:08

I'd like to say a big thank

2:10

you for your great job

2:13

and I suppose many listeners

2:15

can share my view. According

2:17

to my personal opinion I

2:19

can say that there is

2:21

a multiple choice of websites,

2:23

workbooks, combined with courses of

2:25

learning English. However,

2:27

Yoptcast is really

2:29

informative and it gives the

2:31

opportunity to give us some

2:34

options and recommendations of learning

2:36

this language every time. The

2:39

thing which has absolutely

2:41

impressed me was the story

2:44

from your previous podcast about

2:47

one dis-consolated personal

2:50

situation which made

2:53

me get stuck and

2:55

it was so sensitive. And

2:58

I realized that you create

3:00

not only the digital space

3:02

where people are able to share

3:04

their personal success in

3:07

learning language but apart from

3:09

it you have a broad

3:11

community from all over the world

3:13

who shares with you not only

3:17

good time but bad news as

3:19

well. I suppose

3:22

it's so worthy really and

3:25

what I can say my congratulations.

3:28

Thank you for having me here Olga. Thank

3:36

you so much Olga. It's a pleasure

3:39

to hear from you. Any comments on

3:41

Reza's message? On Reza's message Olga? No

3:43

on Olga's message Reza. Reza

3:45

any comments on Olga's message? The

3:48

same as you it's a pleasure to hear from

3:50

you always and

3:52

yes it's true that you perhaps

3:54

know Craig better than me but

3:58

I hope that the

4:00

podcast we do together are

4:02

useful for you and thanks for

4:04

thinking of me praising

4:06

me. I think Craig

4:09

is a better podcaster than me but I've learned

4:12

a lot from him. I'm

4:14

getting to almost know what

4:16

I'm doing I think after all these years.

4:18

Well after 10 years my friend, I think

4:20

you should know. 10

4:23

years of podcasting. So

4:26

as far as the message is concerned Olga,

4:28

one or two things to point out

4:30

you said each and every time when

4:32

I was listened to your podcast. Better

4:34

to use when I listen. So each

4:37

and every time I listen

4:39

to your podcast. Yes and

4:41

Olga you said something which I imagine

4:44

you hear a lot when you're studying

4:46

English about multiple choice but

4:48

that expression is only really used

4:51

when you're talking about doing tests

4:53

or exams or that type of

4:55

thing. So it would

4:57

be better if you said there's a

5:00

wide range of podcasts for

5:02

example or a huge variety

5:05

or a vast selection.

5:08

A plethora slightly more

5:10

formal way of saying a huge variety but

5:12

multiple choices more for just exams and tests

5:15

and that type of thing. One

5:17

other little thing you said that

5:20

the episode with

5:23

the poem in it you said it

5:25

made me get stuck I

5:27

think or made me get stuck. I

5:29

think what you're trying to say is something

5:32

like it affected me a lot. Maybe

5:35

you mean like to get

5:37

stuck means you don't move so maybe you stopped

5:39

you know what you were doing and thought about

5:41

it a lot. It made you think a lot

5:43

or it affected you a lot I think we

5:45

would say. And Olga was

5:48

speaking specifically about a podcast we did

5:50

recently in which we

5:52

mentioned a listener to

5:54

the podcast unfortunately lost her

5:57

daughter last year she

5:59

died. and it was

6:01

episode 5 1 1. The name of the week

6:06

and we spoke about different ways to say

6:09

approximately and at the

6:11

beginning of that podcast we read the

6:13

poem for Camilla. So thank

6:15

you for your comments Olga. It

6:18

was a pleasure to get your

6:20

message and Olga was

6:22

part of a conversation course I

6:24

did a while ago.

6:26

Now she's a private student studying for

6:28

the C1 exam. If anyone

6:30

is interested in taking part

6:33

in my conversation course it's

6:35

a group of lovely people that

6:37

study together online and we have

6:40

discussions, debates, role plays aimed

6:42

at making you a better

6:44

English speaker. So if that

6:46

sounds interesting send me an email. My name

6:49

is Craig C R A

6:51

I G at inglayspodcast.com and

6:53

I'll give you more information.

6:56

Yes and thanks very much Olga

6:58

for mentioning the fact that we

7:00

have a broad community. I like

7:02

that expression and yes you're part

7:04

of it and we're very glad

7:06

that you are. Absolutely.

7:09

So as Craig said hopefully

7:12

Olga has learned quite a

7:14

lot with Craig in their classes. I

7:17

also can offer one to one

7:20

classes if you're interested rather

7:22

than the group option which Craig can offer

7:24

you. If it's one

7:27

to one just you and me and

7:29

you're interested in preparing for

7:31

something specific could be an exam

7:34

or it could be you want

7:36

to focus specifically on your pronunciation

7:38

or could be grammar whatever it's

7:40

your decision that's why it's one

7:43

to one. Why not send me

7:45

an email at belfastreza at

7:48

gmail.com. And

7:59

now let's get to the main topic

8:01

of this week's podcast,

8:03

gender equality. So

8:07

we're going to look at some

8:10

vocabulary and expressions connected to that

8:12

topic and then discuss a few

8:15

questions around this area. So equality,

8:18

first of all equal,

8:20

having the same rights, the same

8:22

opportunities, the same treatment. For

8:25

example, we need to ensure

8:27

equality of opportunity in

8:30

all areas of work. Now

8:33

I saw the word equity

8:35

which is the next word on

8:37

our list and I knew that

8:40

equity had something to do with

8:42

money, the value of something, people

8:44

speak about property equity

8:47

but I wasn't quite sure about the

8:49

difference between equity and equality. Can

8:51

you explain that Reza? Well

8:54

it is used in the world of

8:56

money, the world of finance but it's

8:58

also used outside that world so

9:01

the word equity in

9:03

a non-financial sense simply

9:05

means fairness or

9:07

justice in the distribution

9:09

of resources. So it's not exactly

9:11

the same as equality, equality is

9:13

about having the same rights whereas

9:17

equity is about the distribution

9:19

of resources, opportunities, benefits equally

9:21

rather than rights. It's

9:24

not exactly the same but they do

9:26

tend to come or people

9:28

want them to come hand in hand,

9:30

in other words together. You're

9:32

not really going to achieve equality if there

9:34

is an equity, most people think. Here's

9:37

an example sentence for you,

9:39

promoting equity means making

9:41

sure everyone has a level playing

9:44

field and an

9:46

interesting sentence I found on the internet,

9:50

equality is giving everyone the

9:52

same pair of shoes, equity

9:56

is giving everyone a pair

9:58

of shoes that fits. That's

10:00

the right size. So that kind of

10:04

Shows you the difference between the two words.

10:06

I think quite nicely if

10:08

there's equity It means that you've got

10:10

what you need to succeed. So

10:13

one thing is to say oh, yeah

10:15

men and women are equal equality Yeah,

10:17

but are you giving women the

10:19

resources they need to have that

10:21

equality? That's the equity part Yeah,

10:24

I think that's that's now clear the

10:26

next word on our list is Empowerment

10:29

you might notice the word power in

10:31

the middle there Empowerment

10:34

em you can see all these

10:36

words and the definitions and the

10:38

example sentences on the

10:40

website Go to inglayspodcast.com slash

10:43

five one six to see

10:45

these words that we're speaking about what

10:48

does empowerment mean? Well, that's the process

10:50

of giving individuals or

10:53

groups the authority the

10:55

confidence and the control

10:58

to make decisions and to take action

11:01

for example education

11:03

and Access to information

11:06

are essential for

11:08

women's empowerment You hear

11:10

that word a lot these days to

11:12

empower women for example, that's the verb

11:15

to empower someone. I feel empowered

11:18

I have the power to to

11:22

establish my my sexuality

11:24

or my gender Yeah

11:26

empowerment another term

11:29

related to gender equality is

11:32

the word inclusion so ending

11:34

in ION you could guess it's a

11:36

noun and It's related

11:38

to the verb to include so

11:41

inclusion is basically

11:43

the practice of actively

11:46

involving and Valuing

11:49

all individuals regardless of their

11:51

differences. So not only men

11:53

and women but young and

11:55

old people with physical

11:58

problems disabilities rich

12:01

and poor etc. So that idea

12:03

that other

12:08

word is diversity to

12:10

be diverse. So

12:13

that's the existence of a wide range

12:16

of different backgrounds, identities,

12:19

perspectives, race and religion,

12:21

a diverse selection of

12:23

the world or society. And

12:26

you often hear those two words together.

12:28

The word we mentioned before equality and

12:31

diversity sometimes go together as an expression.

12:33

I can remember when I worked for

12:36

the British Council we had to do

12:38

courses on equality and

12:40

diversity. Do you remember those Brezza? And

12:42

we had to learn about it and

12:44

how to use that in our job.

12:46

It was a very important

12:48

thing and is an important thing in

12:51

many companies these days. Yes

12:53

big organisations like the British Council

12:55

or really any big organization these

12:58

days will always say things like

13:00

our workplace or our

13:02

team celebrates diversity. That's a

13:05

very typical collocation to put

13:07

the the verb celebrate with

13:09

diversity by embracing various cultural

13:11

traditions. Most big companies tend

13:13

to print things like that

13:16

in their website and put

13:18

them in their advertisements these

13:20

days. It's important to

13:22

know the difference between a roof which

13:24

is on top of the house and

13:26

protects the house against the weather and

13:28

the rain and the ceiling

13:31

which is very similar but the

13:33

ceiling is inside the house or

13:35

the room. So you

13:37

might hang a light from the ceiling

13:40

but birds might land on your

13:43

roof. And the

13:45

expression a glass ceiling is

13:48

an invisible barrier that stops

13:50

certain groups especially

13:53

women from advancing

13:55

and going up to higher

13:57

positions in organizations. expression

14:00

a glass ceiling that means

14:02

there's a limit that's been

14:04

put there that really shouldn't

14:06

be there stopping possibly women

14:09

maybe also people of color

14:11

or race or different ethnic

14:13

backgrounds from advancing in a

14:15

particular profession. And

14:17

I think the reason they decided

14:20

to call this ceiling

14:22

a glass ceiling I think

14:24

it probably comes from the idea of you can't

14:26

see it but it's there. So

14:29

glass is transparent this

14:31

ceiling is not supposed to be

14:33

there in fact in many countries

14:36

it's probably no it's almost certainly

14:38

illegal. Yeah you can't have

14:40

barriers to women being promoted

14:42

it wouldn't be legal but they are

14:45

there they can't be seen but then

14:47

there that's why we we call it

14:49

a glass ceiling it's transparent but it's

14:51

there. And here's

14:53

the sentence for context efforts

14:55

to break the glass ceiling

14:57

involve promoting women into leadership

15:00

roles. Our

15:02

next expression you can probably guess

15:04

wage WAGE which is

15:06

similar to salary the money you earn

15:09

and gap or space so

15:11

the wage gap is the difference

15:14

in earnings the money you earn

15:16

between different groups and

15:18

it often refers to the

15:20

disparity or the difference between

15:23

men's pay and women's pay the amount of

15:25

money a man gets and the

15:27

amount of money a woman gets the

15:30

wage gap for example

15:32

addressing the wage gap

15:34

requires equal pay for

15:36

equal work and

15:39

that addressing means paying attention to

15:41

or considering. The next

15:43

word is a word which actually

15:45

I saw although

15:48

written in Spanish about an

15:50

hour ago when I was on the bus

15:52

coming here at Craig's flat

15:54

there was an advertisement on a on

15:56

a screen on a monitor inside the

15:58

bus and it was a advertising a

16:00

talk which a famous

16:03

feminist speaker is

16:05

going to give and she's going

16:07

to talk about things like

16:09

gender equality, the wage gap

16:11

and the word patriarchy

16:14

was there but

16:16

in Spanish but it looks very similar

16:18

I was able to translate it so

16:21

the English word

16:24

patriarchy that's p-a-t-r-i-a-r-c-h-y

16:28

quite tricky to spell is

16:30

a social system where

16:32

men patriarchs hold

16:35

primary power and

16:38

that way they dominate in

16:40

roles of leadership so it's

16:42

just taken for granted that

16:45

means no one questions that

16:47

men will be the leaders it's a

16:49

patriarchy nobody expects it to be a

16:51

woman for example we could say

16:54

that challenging the patriarchy

16:57

involves questioning traditional

17:00

gender norms so

17:02

a norm is the normal thing so

17:05

should it be the norm that

17:07

it's always a man who's the

17:09

president of a company or a

17:12

country or it's a

17:14

man who decides where you're going

17:16

to go on holiday as a

17:18

family or things like that questioning

17:21

the norms of the patriarchy

17:23

is very important to achieve

17:26

gender equality and

17:28

in the interest of balance perhaps

17:30

I should mention that there's also a word

17:32

called matriarchy which is

17:34

exactly the same but for the

17:36

woman and it's quite easy

17:39

to remember if you look at the beginning

17:41

of those two words p-a-patriarchy Papa

17:44

Papa and ma

17:47

mama or mama so

17:49

it's easy to remember which is male and which

17:51

is female so we

17:53

were talking about gender norms

17:56

that's basically the same as

17:58

our next terminology gender

18:01

roles. So the

18:03

norm is what people do

18:06

whereas the role is your

18:08

position, your job but

18:10

not in a professional way what you're

18:12

expected to do. For example

18:15

gender roles in many countries I

18:18

suppose that wives are going to

18:20

do most of the cooking, they're

18:22

gonna do most of the looking

18:24

after the house. Childcare. Childcare it's

18:26

just a given. A given

18:29

means nobody said it but it's

18:31

just supposed that that is a

18:33

female role. So they're

18:35

kind of socially constructed expectations

18:38

really because of course men can cook, men

18:40

can look after children, we can't have children

18:42

but we can look after them, we

18:45

can do lots of things although I'm not

18:47

sure we can do them all at the

18:50

same time. Something that women do better, multi-task

18:53

but if you think about it those

18:55

behaviors that we associate so much with

18:58

the different roles they are invented. I

19:00

mean why should it be

19:02

that women, wives for example

19:04

do most of the cooking at home

19:07

yet a large number of

19:09

the world's most famous chefs are men.

19:11

So clearly men can cook you know

19:13

it's absurd if you think about it.

19:15

I suppose if you go back to the time

19:18

when we lived in caves it was obviously

19:20

the man who was stronger and faster who

19:22

would go out and chase the tiger or

19:25

the animal and kill the animal

19:27

and bring it home and the wife would cook it

19:29

and the wife was with the babies but

19:32

there's no reason for that to be the case now we're

19:34

not going out looking for tigers to kill. Yeah

19:37

and what's more rather than

19:39

killing tigers what we're going to you know

19:41

the local supermarket to get a tin of

19:43

peas and a man or a woman could

19:45

do that. It's not

19:47

dangerous. Peas

19:50

are not going to bite you in the arse are they? Advocacy

20:07

is our next word,

20:09

public support. When

20:11

you support something or promote

20:13

a cause or

20:15

any policy or any kind

20:18

of idea, then you are

20:20

advocating for that idea. For

20:23

example, she is

20:25

an advocate for mental health

20:27

awareness, meaning that she

20:30

promotes it, she supports it

20:32

or he is known for

20:34

his advocacy of gender rights.

20:37

The next word is

20:40

a word which clearly

20:42

has very negative connotations

20:44

and that is the word harassment. Be

20:47

careful of the spelling. The

20:50

verb is harass, H-A-R-A-S-S

20:54

and if you want to make that verb a noun,

20:56

add the suffix M-E-N-T at

20:58

the end and you've got harassment

21:00

the noun. It

21:02

means unwanted and

21:04

harmful behaviour, often repeated,

21:07

that causes distress or

21:09

harm to an

21:13

individual. There are

21:15

different types of harassment. It

21:18

can be verbal harassment,

21:21

it can be harassment

21:23

of a man to another

21:25

man. But very often

21:27

it's sexual harassment which is usually

21:30

carried out by a man against

21:32

a woman. So, the

21:34

man who is the perpetrator is

21:37

using sexuality to

21:40

attack and make

21:42

the woman feel in an

21:45

unwanted situation. For example,

21:47

I think you'll hear a lot these days

21:49

is that harassment in the workspace can

21:52

have severe consequences for mental

21:54

health. So clearly

21:57

if a woman is being harassed by her

21:59

colleagues, her colleagues that's

22:01

unacceptable for all we've

22:08

got some gender stereotypes that

22:10

we think exist in society

22:12

these days now you might

22:14

agree with these you might

22:16

disagree we'd love to hear

22:18

your point of view on

22:21

these stereotypes for example women

22:24

as caregivers for children

22:27

so women tend to

22:29

be the ones taking care of children

22:31

we can also use the phrasal verb

22:33

to look after children very similar look

22:36

after take care of do you think

22:38

that's true I think it's true it

22:40

is largely true it's a stereotype in

22:43

it's a stereotype but it's

22:46

based on reality that in most

22:48

countries most countries in the world

22:50

now most countries know absolutely all

22:52

countries in the world without any

22:55

exception even the most progressive women

22:58

are far more likely to be

23:00

caregivers than men don't you think

23:02

yeah even in Scandinavian countries which

23:05

are often used as examples of

23:07

very progressive groundbreaking

23:09

countries in social equality

23:11

groundbreaking meaning that they

23:13

are ahead of the

23:16

rest of the world they're leading this

23:19

progression this advancement in social

23:22

equality even in those countries

23:25

I would guess that there

23:27

is still that stereotype

23:29

of women looking

23:31

after kids more than men

23:33

another thing which persists in

23:36

lots of places is the idea that women

23:39

are expected to be quiet

23:41

and allow men to do the talking we

23:44

wish we had a female podcasting

23:47

colleague to give your

23:49

opinion about that but unfortunately you've only

23:51

got two men but do

23:54

you think that's true Craig I think it

23:56

does happen yeah yeah I think it

23:58

does happen and I can give any For example,

24:00

sometimes we need to bring workmen into

24:03

our flat to do certain things. Maybe

24:05

it's a plumber, maybe it's a builder.

24:08

The other day a man came in

24:10

to service our blinds

24:12

because one of our blinds was broken.

24:14

The blind is the plastic

24:17

thing that's very common in Spain that you

24:19

can pull down over the window to shut

24:22

out or close out the light coming in

24:24

and one had broken and we asked this

24:26

man to come around and fix it. And

24:29

he came around and my wife asked

24:31

him a question and

24:33

he answered looking at me and that's

24:37

something I've noticed a lot

24:39

that builders, workmen, people, manual

24:41

workers tend to talk to

24:43

the man always. Even

24:47

if the woman asks the question and that

24:49

can be really annoying and I totally understand

24:51

why my wife will get annoyed at that. She

24:54

was the one that asked the question but

24:56

the man looked at me and answered me

24:58

and told me the information. Have you experienced

25:00

something like that? Yes, I have. I've

25:03

been in the company of women where it happened.

25:05

I've seen it in the street a lot. So

25:08

I think that's a true stereotype but again if

25:10

you disagree and if you're a woman, especially a

25:13

woman listening to this and you think that's not

25:15

quite true then let us know. Give us feedback

25:17

and we'll tell you how you can do that

25:19

at the end of the podcast. The

25:22

next point we want to mention

25:24

is very controversial. We are just

25:26

the messengers. This isn't

25:28

our opinion. Yes, we are a

25:30

devil's advocate. We're saying something which

25:32

is not nice but it's not

25:35

because we think it. Don't shoot the podcaster.

25:37

Don't shoot it, exactly. So

25:40

it's this that women should have children.

25:43

Many people believe that. It's not

25:45

my opinion but many people believe

25:47

it and a man without children

25:49

doesn't really attract much attention. But

25:52

a woman who doesn't have children

25:55

in some society still is

25:57

seen as if she's a failure. People

26:00

ask why haven't you had kids? What's

26:02

wrong with you? Or maybe you have

26:04

a physical problem or you don't have

26:06

money? Maybe the woman just doesn't want

26:08

to but it is often considered a

26:11

failure. Let me stress

26:13

Craig and I don't share this opinion. We're

26:15

just telling you about other people's opinions. What

26:18

do you think Craig? No, absolutely and

26:20

I think sometimes when women put their

26:22

career before having a

26:24

family meaning it's more important for them to

26:27

advance in their career and children

26:30

have second place or maybe never have

26:32

children because their career is so important.

26:34

That's looked at negatively by some people whereas

26:37

if a man does it, it's fine and

26:39

that's wrong. There's no reason why it should

26:41

be like that. Our

26:43

next point is that men are

26:45

often associated with leadership roles

26:48

that there are more leaders that

26:50

are men than women and this

26:52

stereotype can limit opportunities

26:55

for women in positions of

26:58

authority. When

27:00

women do hold leadership positions,

27:03

they may face additional scrutiny.

27:06

They may be looked at in a

27:08

particular negative way or maybe

27:10

get the label as being too emotional

27:14

for leadership. Now, I strongly

27:16

disagree with that. In fact, I think we

27:18

need more emotion in leadership

27:20

because if we had more emotion in leadership,

27:23

perhaps we'd have fewer wars and less

27:25

killing. Another stereotype

27:27

is that men are good

27:30

at maths, physics and science.

27:33

I'm not. Me neither. So

27:35

Craig and I are examples of the fact that this

27:38

is not true. But the

27:40

fact that many men tend to

27:42

do those subjects, they're

27:44

not necessarily better than women, but

27:46

they dominate the area. This might

27:49

discourage women from pursuing these subjects

27:52

which they call the STEM subjects.

27:55

Science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

28:00

It is dominated by men and perhaps

28:02

that discourages women, but it doesn't mean

28:04

in my opinion that women are good.

28:06

In fact, in my family I have

28:08

two brothers and a sister. My sister

28:11

is the scientific one. She's a lab

28:13

technician. Me and my two brothers

28:15

have no interest in science whatsoever, but my

28:17

sister is a scientist. I

28:20

think it's changing now. I think more

28:22

and more women are being accepted

28:24

into those science, mathematics fields, astronauts,

28:27

they're female astronauts and

28:29

now that's not uncommon, female

28:32

lab technician scientists. So

28:34

I think it's changing, but it's still

28:36

not quite there yet. We've got some

28:39

way to go. Another

28:41

stereotype is men

28:44

don't cry because

28:46

crying is a sign

28:48

of weakness. And when I

28:50

read that I immediately thought of my dad

28:53

who never cried or

28:55

at least never let me see him

28:57

cry except when

28:59

he was getting old. Unfortunately he's

29:02

passed away now. He's not with us,

29:04

but in his seventies and eighties he

29:07

started getting quite emotional and I did see

29:09

him cry. But growing

29:12

up he had to be the

29:14

strong man. He was the backbone of

29:16

the family. He was the strength in

29:19

the family and he would never show

29:21

any emotion. I don't

29:23

know if you think that's changing Reza. It

29:25

is changing. I think it's still largely

29:28

true. In my particular case,

29:30

I've never seen my father

29:32

or my mother cry. They

29:35

both have always

29:37

been pretty good at containing their emotions.

29:40

But I remember even when I was growing

29:42

up, you would see on portrayed

29:45

films and TV series women

29:47

often crying, but the men

29:50

who were the stars, the

29:52

tough guys, the heroes, they

29:55

were never seen crying. These

29:57

days that's different because We

30:00

just wouldn't believe it. No one would watch

30:02

such a silly show. So these days you

30:04

do see scenes where a

30:06

man particularly in private or

30:09

portrayed crime But go back to old

30:11

black and white films and the man

30:13

virtually never cry in them under any

30:15

circumstances Do they not not the good

30:17

men maybe the bad man, maybe the

30:19

weak man? Yeah, it's considered weakness But

30:21

the hero the good guy the tough

30:23

guy. He doesn't cry. No, no, he

30:25

never cried. He never cried Although I

30:28

sometimes cry watching films And

30:31

TV series if it's sad and I

30:33

sit there with a handkerchief and then

30:35

I'm pretend It's my allergies or I've

30:37

got something in my eye, but I'm

30:39

crying. Yeah, there's nothing wrong in

30:41

showing emotion for men or women Men provide

30:47

for their

30:50

family is also a

30:54

stereotype which Maybe

31:04

places pressure on men to

31:06

be the sole Bread

31:09

winners sold so le meaning

31:11

the only and a bread winner is

31:13

the person in the family that earns

31:17

the money that brings home

31:19

the cash the Bacon to

31:21

bring home the bacon is to earn

31:23

the money in the family now in my family.

31:26

Yes, that was my dad He was the one

31:28

who managed the money. He paid

31:30

the bills. He did the work and

31:33

my mom Was the

31:35

traditional housewife looking after

31:37

the kids cooking shopping cleaning, etc That

31:41

was not exactly my case. My

31:43

mom Always worked

31:47

Part-time never full-time, but

31:49

she always worked says she there were periods

31:51

of her life when perhaps she didn't work

31:54

every day Maybe she worked two days three

31:56

days a week four or five hours, but

31:58

she always worked actually My dad worked full

32:00

time and my mom always had a full time job.

32:03

So in that case, did they

32:05

both share equally the household tasks, the

32:08

cleaning, the shopping and the cooking? Not

32:12

exactly but there was not a bad

32:14

distribution. My dad who's passed

32:16

away, my mom is still alive, my

32:18

dad loved his food and

32:21

loved cooking. So he

32:23

probably cooked slightly more than

32:25

my mom and I'm very

32:27

happy that's the case because we all preferred his

32:29

cooking. My mom's cooking wasn't

32:31

bad, my dad was a better cook so

32:34

he cooked more than my mom and because

32:36

he liked cooking then he loved shopping for

32:38

food. So he would

32:40

do a lot of that but I

32:42

must admit he very rarely cleaned the

32:44

bathroom or that type of thing. He

32:47

would hoover, vacuum clean, the

32:49

carpet, yes sometimes but not as much

32:51

as my mom and he wouldn't clean

32:53

the bathroom and that type of thing.

32:55

My mom always ended up doing that.

32:58

So maybe he did a

33:00

lot of cooking and shopping simply because he

33:02

liked it. It might be that, I have

33:04

to admit. I was actually

33:06

very fortunate before your dad passed away

33:08

I was lucky enough to taste his

33:10

cooking and I do second what you

33:13

say. I support it. He was an

33:15

excellent cook who made a

33:17

fantastic curry, very nice. Historically

33:20

certain careers have been

33:22

dominated by one

33:24

gender or another. What

33:27

are some ways we can

33:29

encourage people to pursue careers

33:31

traditionally associated with the opposite

33:34

gender and offer equal

33:36

opportunity and no wage

33:38

gap? Good question.

33:40

Do you believe in positive

33:42

discrimination? Can you explain what

33:44

that is? Well in the

33:47

case of gender equality it

33:49

means that whenever a job

33:51

is advertised they without

33:55

even hiding it openly prefer

33:57

one sex rather than the

33:59

other. to get the job. These

34:01

days it's usually women that they prefer to

34:03

make up the imbalance. It could be the

34:05

reverse. It could be that there's too many

34:08

women in a role, a job

34:10

and they want men but that's not very

34:12

common. Usually it will be that they insist

34:14

that 50% or 60% or whatever must

34:19

be women. So they literally

34:22

make it easier for women and

34:24

harder for men to get that

34:26

job. And it's openly

34:29

announced that way. What do you think about that?

34:31

No, I don't believe in that. I don't believe in

34:33

that. I believe in equal opportunity but

34:35

I don't think that offering equal

34:37

or forcing equal opportunities and okay

34:39

this job's going to be 50%

34:42

male employees, 50%

34:44

female employees. I don't

34:46

think that that would necessarily give

34:49

equal outcome in the job. Let me

34:51

explain. Car mechanics tend

34:53

to be male dominated and

34:56

I don't think that's because there's not the

34:58

opportunity for women to become car mechanics. I

35:00

just don't think they particularly want to do

35:02

that job. Bus drivers,

35:04

lorry drivers, firefighters, soldiers tend

35:06

to be men. On the

35:09

other hand, child care

35:11

workers, hairstylists, beauty

35:14

technicians or nail technicians, health

35:16

care workers looking after the elderly tend

35:19

to be women. Now you can force that to be

35:21

50-50 but

35:24

then I don't see the point. What

35:26

do you think? I agree with you. I

35:28

don't like positive discrimination either and I'm not

35:30

just talking about gender equality. Sometimes

35:33

they apply positive discrimination

35:36

as regards racial equality. So

35:38

there may be cases where

35:41

they insist that 50% of

35:44

the workforce must be black and the other 50%

35:46

white or 30% Asian, 30%

35:51

black, 20% something else. I'm also

35:53

against that. I think that's silly.

35:55

I just give the job to

35:57

the best person. If the black, the black, the black.

36:00

the white the white who cares exactly

36:02

yeah you see that a

36:04

lot in the Oscars the Oscar ceremonies these

36:06

days you it has to be 30% black

36:08

directors or 50% female

36:12

actors but they might

36:15

not necessarily be the best

36:17

from the whole selection so

36:19

just take just take the best don't

36:21

don't divide it just to be equal

36:23

doesn't make sense to me anyway but

36:25

maybe the listeners disagree if you disagree

36:28

let us know I've got

36:30

a question for our listeners and for you too

36:32

Craig imagine you had kids

36:34

okay you don't but imagine would

36:36

you be happy enough to

36:38

leave your kids alone in the

36:40

hands of a male child minder

36:43

so someone who's paid to look after kids

36:45

not many men do it why not would

36:48

you leave your kids in the hands of

36:50

a male child minder alone just let's say

36:52

a babysitter someone who looks after your kids

36:54

when you go to the cinema go out

36:56

to a restaurant young kids let's say they're

36:58

like six seven eight ten years old would

37:01

you leave them in the hands of a

37:03

male child minder it's

37:06

a good question why

37:09

are you dating it come on let's let

37:11

be honest say why you're your dad in

37:13

it you wouldn't doubt it so much if

37:15

it was a female what it's off the

37:17

answers obvious most pedophiles tend to be men

37:20

right so I don't know but if I

37:22

knew the person or I thought

37:24

I knew the person I wouldn't have a problem

37:27

with it but obviously if it's someone

37:29

you don't know a woman

37:31

can also abuse a child

37:34

although perhaps there's less probability

37:37

if it's a woman it's a good question so what

37:39

do you think if you're listening let

37:41

us know your opinion I'm sure it's

37:43

not just a chance

37:46

that there are very few male child

37:48

minders I think they just wouldn't get

37:50

much work a lot of

37:52

people would be instantly suspicious because

37:54

of these gender roles we're talking about the thing

37:57

well why does a man who doesn't know these

37:59

kids at the tall, he's not family, want

38:01

to be around them. Men don't want

38:03

to be around kids except their own

38:05

perhaps or their their nephews and their

38:07

family. Why would they want to be

38:10

around my kid? People

38:12

are automatically suspicious. Not

38:14

only men but women are also

38:16

suspicious of those men, right? So

38:18

that's another example of a profession that

38:20

maybe shouldn't be 50-50 because perhaps there's

38:24

gender inequality that affects men

38:27

which of this could be an example. A

38:30

person's not a pedophile, a person

38:33

likes children and he's a

38:35

man. Why shouldn't he have the

38:37

opportunity to look after your kids? So

38:39

it goes both ways. Yeah

38:41

one last question. We've already spoken about

38:43

the fact that any woman could

38:46

do any job, any man could do any job

38:48

in theory. Okay and

38:50

feminists insist on this but you know

38:52

I'm gonna say something which perhaps some

38:54

people aren't gonna like but I think

38:57

it's true. Some people

38:59

who are very very

39:01

very interested or obsessed you might

39:03

say in gender equality insist that

39:06

there must be for example more

39:08

female politicians, bosses,

39:10

important leaders and I entirely agree

39:13

with them. But a lot

39:15

of those same people don't

39:17

really shut much about

39:20

getting more female minors or

39:22

truck drivers etc. Some do but

39:25

there are a lot of people

39:27

who seem to focus only on

39:31

getting women into important positions which

39:33

they're not in now but they're

39:36

not that bothered about having 50%

39:40

female minors because it's frankly

39:42

I think as Craig said

39:45

not many women want to be a minor.

39:47

I don't want to be a minor. Who

39:49

wants to be a minor? It's a bloody

39:51

hard job and I get a bit

39:53

annoyed when people don't make

39:55

a big noise about that. It's like oh we must have

39:57

50% women in politics.

40:00

So even if the female candidate is not so

40:02

good, you've got to vote for her because she's

40:04

a woman. Okay, why not the same for minors

40:06

then? Get 50% of women

40:09

down minds. No, it's obviously ridiculous.

40:11

So I don't like the kind

40:13

of double standards that some people

40:15

sometimes use when they insist

40:17

on one thing and keep quiet about

40:19

the less attractive roles

40:21

which tend to be assigned

40:24

to men. Like coal mining,

40:26

truck driving, they're not nice

40:28

jobs. Not many people want to

40:30

do them. Not many men want to do

40:32

them. Yeah, I think

40:34

that goes back to what we said before

40:36

about some professions are more attractive to men

40:38

and some are more attractive to women. Yes,

40:41

if a woman wants to be a

40:43

minor, someone who works in a mine

40:45

digging underground for eight or

40:47

nine hours a day in the filth

40:49

and the dirt, if that appeals to

40:51

her, she should have exactly

40:54

the same opportunities as men to

40:56

do that job or drive

40:58

a truck or a lorry. But

41:00

you shouldn't force it to make 50% lorry

41:02

drivers female. That's

41:06

wrong. Okay, well, what

41:08

do you think? Oh, before we go,

41:10

just one thing. I have put a

41:12

link in the show notes at inglairspodcast.com/516

41:17

to show the positive side because

41:19

we've spoken about these stereotypes that

41:21

may or may not still exist.

41:23

We've spoken about some problems that

41:25

I think we still need to

41:27

solve as far as gender equality

41:29

is concerned, but we have come

41:31

a long way since the

41:33

1960s. I put

41:35

a video in the show notes

41:37

showing exactly how far we've come.

41:39

So take a look. But

41:42

now it's your turn to practice. So

41:45

what does gender equality mean to you?

41:47

And why do you think it's important?

41:49

And do you disagree or agree with

41:52

the things that we've said in this

41:54

podcast? How can people contact

41:56

us to let us know their opinion? You

41:58

could send the voicemail. There's

42:01

a link in the

42:03

show notes. It's speakpipe.com/inglayspodcast.

42:06

Or if you prefer you could

42:08

write to craigatinglayspodcast.com

42:11

or me,

42:14

[email protected]. And

42:17

if you're a Spanish speaker and you would like

42:19

to study for free, why don't you visit the

42:21

Mansion Inglays website and you'll

42:24

see their paid e-books as

42:26

well and some audios for

42:28

self-study. Go to the online

42:31

store, there's a link in

42:33

the show notes. It's store,

42:35

STORE.mansioninglays.net. As always

42:38

we'd like to say thank you very

42:40

much to our Patreon supporters. It's

42:42

a program in which you

42:45

can donate if you like, as

42:47

little as $1.50 a month. And

42:50

as a way of saying thank you to people who do

42:52

that, we give them

42:54

instant access to the

42:57

audio transcriptions of the podcast.

43:00

If you're interested, have a

43:02

look at the link in

43:04

the show notes. It's patreon.com/inglayspodcast.

43:07

Before we go today, we'd like to

43:09

welcome our latest Patreon supporters who have

43:12

joined us this month and they are

43:14

Charlie, Orlando Olivares,

43:17

Francisco, Armaz Milagros

43:19

Cervesso and Ignacio

43:21

Gil Ruiz. And I see two

43:23

students there who are in my

43:26

conversation class. So thank you for

43:28

doing the conversation course and also

43:30

for supporting us on Patreon. We

43:32

really appreciate it. What's

43:34

next week, Reza? For next

43:36

week, we do plan to talk about

43:39

auxiliary verbs. We do, do we? We

43:41

do, we do. Back to the grammar

43:43

next week. So please join us for

43:45

that. In the meantime, thank you very

43:47

much for listening today. Have a

43:50

wonderful week. Goodbye from me. And

43:52

it's bye bye from me. The

43:55

music in this podcast is my pet. The

43:57

Track is called See You Later.