A bank is a financial company with special functions and powers, including the taking of deposits and the issuing of loans. Banks are not simply registered as companies, but as institutions that can perform these powers and functions, and they have a direct impact on the finances of most individuals.South African banks are registered, licenced and regulated by the South African Reserve Bank. Without a licence from the central bank, no company may call itself a bank. As the central bank of South Africa, the South African Reserve Bank exercises diligence and care in the issuance of banking licences. This care ensures integrity in the banking system.Bank legislation in South Africa makes provision for three types of banks, namely commercial banks, mutual banks and co-operative banks. All three types of banks can take deposits, irrespective of their type.People borrow money from banks for various reasons, but mainly because they think that such borrowing will improve their living standards, despite the interest payable on borrowed funds. People can save and pay cash for items such as houses and cars, although it will take time to save enough money to buy without borrowing. The alternative is to borrow funds, despite the interest burden. It is important, however, to remember than nobody is obliged to borrow any money from any bank and the option of saving before buying is always available.