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your podcast. One.

1:09

Night in early May. Eighteen, Forty

1:11

Nine. The English actor William Charles

1:14

Mccready was a New York preparing

1:16

to go on stage. It

1:19

was opening night and Mccready was

1:21

playing the leading role in Shakespeare's

1:23

Macbeth. He was famous for it.

1:26

Will. You Turtles Mccready was

1:28

known as the Eminent Tragedy

1:30

and. He was

1:33

considered to be the greatest actor

1:35

in England. Carl. Cupola

1:37

is a professor in the Theater

1:39

program at American University. He.

1:41

Actually, Created. Something

1:43

that came to be known as

1:46

the Mccready Pause where he would

1:48

put a break in the middle

1:50

of a line in order to

1:53

show that his character was thinking.

1:56

Mccready was fifty six and have been

1:58

a star for decades. He

2:01

taught America several times, but this

2:03

was his farewell tour. He was

2:05

planning to retire. He

2:07

would give his last performance a New York

2:09

get a New Cedar the ass to place.

2:12

Opera House, which had only been

2:14

open for about two years. That

2:16

this was a theater intended for

2:18

what was referred to as the

2:21

Upper Tens or the Upper Ten

2:23

Thousand and Ten thousand most wealthy

2:25

and powerful people in New York

2:27

society. Similar to how we would

2:30

today talk about the one percenters.

2:32

The theater said rules that other Cedars.

2:35

Did not. The dress

2:37

code included gloves and quotes freshly.

2:39

Season Seasons. Unaccompanied

2:41

women are not welcome. This is

2:43

an attempt to keep out sex

2:45

workers. And the tickets are

2:48

more expensive than at other. Cedars their

2:50

loses a balcony and the

2:52

Cedar that Suit about hundred

2:54

that had a lower for

2:56

regular admission price but the

2:58

entrance was entirely separate set

3:00

of the people who sat

3:03

in that balconies had no

3:05

opportunity. For. Physical interaction with

3:07

state of upper class that inhabited

3:09

most of the rest of the

3:11

theater. This was intended

3:13

to be a riskier from

3:16

kind of that refer course

3:18

sir theatrical experiences. Mccready.

3:21

Was expecting and could turn out that night.

3:23

His hairdresser told him that there was a

3:25

large crowd outside the theater. The.

3:27

Curtain bell rang. And he walked

3:30

onto the stage to loud applause

3:32

and bowed several times. But.

3:35

Then he noticed something was. Wrong.

3:38

Make the applause. He heard

3:40

groans and hisses coming from

3:42

the audience. And

3:45

a rotten are blinded by

3:47

see. They

3:49

began throwing things onto the

3:51

balcony pod and bring projectile

3:53

was say they toss food

3:56

foul smelling liquids. someone on

3:58

the balcony had real that

4:00

a banner it read you

4:02

been proved a liar. And

4:05

then someone shouted three cheers

4:07

for Edwin, for instance. Edwin

4:12

Forest was an American actor who is

4:14

also playing the best that night at

4:16

another theater and ten. Williams

4:20

greedy had to reason with the crowd. And.

4:23

Then he just decided to start the place

4:26

even though the audience could barely hear him

4:28

say his lines. And O's actually

4:30

they actually tear up the seats

4:32

and strode the seats onto the

4:35

stage. A

4:37

young patrolmen. Till his presence tried to

4:39

stop the seat trailers that would wrestle

4:41

to the grand. One

4:44

seat linda two feet from

4:46

the treaty. Ignore it and

4:48

continued his performance. But

4:51

when another seat. Landed in the orchestra's

4:53

the musicians fled the feeder and the

4:55

curtain came to. Make

4:58

really good at of the theater with a group of friends

5:00

and made it back to the New York hotel where he

5:03

was saying. I

5:05

was in best spirits. Mccready Road. And

5:07

we talked over what was to be done. But

5:11

later when he was alone in his room

5:13

he started to feel differently. And

5:15

Mccready is absolutely ready to

5:17

leave town. The next

5:19

day. He booked a ticket back to

5:22

England. But forty

5:24

seven prominent New York

5:26

citizens. Which. Include other

5:28

writers Herman Melville and Washington

5:30

Irving. Sign a petition. They.

5:33

Wanted wooing the treaty to stay in

5:35

your can continue his performances and. Promised

5:38

him that order would be restored the

5:40

next time he went on stage. The

5:43

new Mayor of New York who had just been sworn

5:45

in. Was. Going to help

5:48

so the mayor kill of what whole

5:50

meets with the heads of law enforcement

5:52

and the managers of the Us to

5:54

place opera house who absolutely refuse to

5:57

cancel the performance. So. The

6:00

Mayor I says the police will

6:02

help keep the peace. The

6:05

Mayor and the police. Started preparing for

6:07

Mccready sex performance of the best

6:09

at the Us To Place Opera

6:11

House. Two hundred police are

6:13

going to be stationed inside the theater.

6:15

Said other hundred and twenty five police

6:18

officers will be outside the theater in

6:20

order to help get rid of any

6:22

tensions are happening out there. But

6:25

the head of the police says

6:27

i don't know that that's gonna

6:29

be enough people and so the

6:31

mayor them cause the National Guard

6:33

on their shirts and puts them

6:35

on call and says okay they'll

6:37

hang out in Washington Square Park

6:40

Three hundred of them and if

6:42

they are needed them they will.

6:44

They will march of for with

6:46

more than six hundred officers including

6:48

over a third of New York

6:50

Police forces standing by lane Please

6:52

apply to stage makeup and prepared.

6:55

To play Macbeth again. I

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Father. Living in New York and the

9:40

eighteen thirties and forties. And I

9:42

want to see a play. What are my.

9:44

Options. You.

9:46

Would have an option of going

9:48

to a less expensive theater that

9:51

is going to be more down

9:53

in the Bowery. They're going to

9:55

be seated next to people who

9:57

are passionate. We engaged vocally in.

10:00

It's talking to the. People.

10:02

On the stage responding to was

10:04

this: it's going on If you

10:06

go to a more expensive Cedar

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one that is catering more to

10:10

the fleet or to the kind

10:13

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going to be in a much

10:17

more a controlled environment. It's.

10:19

Gonna feel a little bit

10:21

more subdued. Popular audiences working

10:24

class audiences at this time

10:26

period viewed themselves as participants

10:29

in the theatrical experience and

10:31

so if they loved something

10:33

they would cheer for it.

10:36

Stay woods camp, sheer cliffs,

10:38

hands sometimes stopped and makes

10:41

what he do a part

10:43

of the likes of. Didn't

10:48

like something. That they wouldn't

10:50

make no sense. I would

10:52

do that with Cs which

10:54

was a very popular way

10:56

us showing disapproval in the

10:58

theater and there was an

11:01

actor on stage who they

11:03

saw as problematic. They would

11:05

be more inclined to put

11:07

them in their place to

11:09

exert their power and control

11:11

over the theater experience. But.

11:14

Kirk pull the says Working class.

11:17

And upper class leaders and

11:19

wouldn't be in com sixty.

11:22

Six Beer was enormously popular. I

11:24

think many American saw Shakespeare sort

11:26

of. There are some. I felt

11:29

that he as a playwright spoke

11:31

to them and this was true.

11:33

Across the country you been out

11:36

west. The two books at most

11:38

households had and them for the

11:40

Bible and the complete works of

11:43

Shakespeare. I. Think that

11:45

probably I'm lower classes and

11:48

upper classes had a different

11:50

experience. They made appreciated different

11:52

things about Shakespeare as a

11:55

playwright, but his popularity everywhere

11:57

was absolutely. Powerful,

12:01

There weren't many successful. American. Plays.

12:04

They were all British. In

12:06

Soho, the best and most famous

12:09

actors like William Mccready, But.

12:12

Then Edwin Forest entered the

12:14

stage and eating twenties. He

12:17

was kind of a self made

12:19

man. He. Was born

12:21

in kind of urban working

12:24

class Philadelphia neighborhood. His father

12:26

was a Scotch immigrant. His

12:28

mother was the second generation

12:30

German. His father was or

12:32

street peddler. Growing up,

12:35

Edwin Forest with a sickly child

12:37

and quote easily given to cry.

12:40

In till one day when edwin for

12:43

a said he decided. Scenes. That and

12:45

so he took on. An

12:47

exercise regimen to bills that

12:49

his body so he becomes

12:52

great in both his career

12:54

and to discuss comedy through

12:56

sheer force of will really

12:58

sucks and narrative that he

13:01

liked to tell and that

13:03

the people who supported him

13:05

that narrative to the way

13:07

to encourage. Forced

13:10

wrote. I need myself what I

13:12

am. A Hercules. He

13:14

had a body and voice

13:16

that were larger than life.

13:18

If you read the critical

13:20

reviews of Forest especially early

13:22

on in his career, they

13:24

all talked about the size

13:27

of his biceps and his

13:29

calf muscles. He was a

13:31

huge man, i'm very muscular

13:33

said he played roles where

13:35

he got an opportunity to

13:37

show was. A

13:40

So while he was capable of a

13:42

wide range. Of. Emotional expression he

13:44

was most don't for

13:46

some larger that was

13:49

presence and he was

13:51

arguably the first great

13:53

American actor. Went

13:56

out of and forces thirteen to father

13:59

who died. And so he

14:01

admitted he had to help start

14:03

helping to support his family. He

14:05

was initially an apprentice to a

14:07

printer, but actually by the age

14:09

of fourteen he was performing. Edwin

14:13

for went to New Orleans where he

14:15

became a popular actor. But

14:17

his career in the city ended. It's when he fell

14:19

in love with the same woman as his feet or

14:21

manager. And challenged him to a

14:23

duel. And

14:26

then in eighteen, twenty six, twenty world

14:28

and been forced had his big breakthrough.

14:31

He was hired to play off the low. In New

14:33

York, people loved him immediately.

14:37

While initially I think oh audience

14:39

members sort of respond to him

14:41

the further he went along with

14:44

his career, the boy he tended

14:46

to play to those working class.

14:49

Because they particularly love to, they

14:52

saw him as a representative sort

14:54

of who they wanted to be.

14:56

He was that ideal someone who

14:59

had been born like them or

15:01

through his will. And is hard

15:03

work had made himself great and

15:06

powerful. Ah,

15:08

Stage. Edwin Force is

15:10

known to wear a plain black

15:12

coat and a quote carelessly tied

15:14

necktie. He

15:17

started a competition to promote American

15:19

playwriting. He cast themselves and the

15:21

winning plays. It's which tended to

15:23

have a theme. He

15:25

was a common man who

15:27

fought against the tyranny of

15:30

hard evil aristocracy and he

15:32

sought to raise up and

15:35

free kind of the working

15:37

class people around him. They.

15:39

All allowed him to play. The

15:42

role that he had cast himself

15:45

him as commit this great American

15:47

hero. One biographer

15:49

a forest wrote. Force

15:52

prove to the United States did genius

15:54

as as powerful here as on the

15:56

other side of the Atlantic. Despite.

16:00

Access Edwin Forest went to.

16:02

Periods. As deep depression. He

16:04

wants wrote to his mother from New York's

16:06

that he felt haunted. And.

16:10

Then. Force. Decided to go

16:12

to England. He wanted to prove

16:14

that he could compete with the best actors in

16:16

the world. That's when he

16:19

met the English after million Charles Mccready.

16:23

William. Charles Mccready. It was thirteen years

16:25

older than I would forced never been

16:28

born in London. He was

16:30

actually born into a theatrical family.

16:32

He had no interest in being

16:34

part of the theater he had

16:37

intended to go to Oxford father

16:39

who was a theater manager Ozzie

16:41

and financial trouble so he couldn't

16:43

afford college and was forced code

16:45

joined the family profession. When William

16:48

Mccready the Sistine his father was

16:50

arrested because this is that William.

16:52

Cried as he watched her father being locked to

16:54

prison. His mother had

16:56

died five years earlier and Williams was

16:59

now in charge of the families struggling

17:01

Peter Company. He

17:03

started playing leading roles. he became

17:05

a successful during ended. When

17:10

it when Forest arrived in London, Mccready

17:12

had already seen him perform. Any

17:14

wrote that force was good but

17:16

also it's that he misunderstood. Parts

17:18

of Shakespeare's text and

17:21

clearly only received quote

17:23

The Communist Education. Mccready

17:26

didn't see forest is competition because

17:28

card pull the says they're acting.

17:30

Styles are very different but they

17:33

were both most known for probably

17:35

were Shakespeare to put of them

17:37

and very different ways but exactly

17:39

the same rules. Directory

17:42

to some what competing acting

17:44

styles that we're going on

17:46

that same time one was

17:48

referred to as kind of

17:50

a classical style which was

17:52

based kind of upon elocution.

17:54

Beautiful speaks of. Our intellectual

17:57

interpretation. Or then

17:59

there was. A more romantic

18:01

style that was much more

18:03

focused on commission upon the

18:05

inspiration of the moment and

18:08

certainly forest in his acting

18:10

style. While he was a

18:12

very intelligent actors who studies

18:14

his roles and understood the

18:17

characters, he was also one

18:19

who gave a very passionate

18:21

performance. Some.

18:23

People thought for his lack of

18:25

formal training was an advantage. Someone

18:27

called is at the natural and

18:30

impulses because quotes he was not

18:32

so well trained as as English

18:34

rivals in what may be termed

18:36

a false refinement. As

18:39

enforced didn't like societies elites.

18:42

And presented himself. As a kind of underdog, Carl

18:45

couple of rights that force. Dislike of

18:47

high society. It's partially. Came from

18:50

his own insecurities. Limit

18:53

Greedy wrote in his diary that he liked

18:55

forests. He wanted to be friends. And

18:58

make some other British intellectuals.

19:00

Mccready was interested in America.

19:03

He hated the British monarchy and

19:05

the aristocracy. He invited

19:08

force to come over to his house. Edwin

19:11

Forest wrote in a letter. Mccready.

19:14

As the heaved in the handsomest manner to

19:16

me showing the native kindness of his heart.

19:19

He. Hosted him and the

19:22

Garrett Club which was sort of this

19:24

see article or to strip club and

19:26

also introduced him to a family called

19:28

the St Is whose daughter he married

19:30

while he was in England, married or

19:32

and eighteen thirty seven before he returned.

19:35

They. Were sort of the great American actor

19:37

and the great British actor. They had

19:39

much in common source of neither one

19:42

of them. Had a

19:44

lot of friends with them. The World:

19:46

a theater. Didn't really like Cedar people.

19:48

They were successful in theater but didn't

19:51

really like that world and they lived

19:53

outside of that. Both said to be

19:55

very private. man. I'd rather quiet. When.

19:58

Not onstage. Someone

20:00

wrote that other actors sound

20:02

Mccready quotes arrogant and unsociable.

20:05

He kept the detail journal and in

20:08

as he was self critical and describes

20:10

being uncomfortable in social settings. The

20:13

also wrote a lot about social status. Fuel.

20:16

Simultaneously a snob an terrified of

20:18

what people thought of him. Especially

20:21

people and the elite social circles he

20:23

interacted with as he got more same.

20:28

Years later he went to America. To

20:31

perform. The day he arrived

20:33

at when. For showed up at his of tell.

20:36

I was very glad to see him. Mccready Road.

20:39

For us to visit again the next day and

20:42

invite him Mccready over for dinner. They.

20:44

Caught up. Since.

20:46

The two men had last seen each other. Lead.

20:48

Both both someone. Mccready.

20:51

Had lost his three year old

20:53

daughter and forth had lost four

20:55

children who died at birth or

20:57

soon after. And

21:01

then Mccready started his tour

21:03

of American cities. But

21:05

if this. Forest.

21:08

Begins. Following Mccready from city

21:10

to city. And when

21:12

Mccready performs a specific play

21:14

a role Forest plays the

21:17

exact same play and role

21:19

in the theater that is

21:21

often times right across the

21:23

street. And some forest

21:25

is is encouraging competition. A comparison

21:28

between the two of them Force

21:30

did this as a way to

21:32

kind of reinvigorate his career and

21:35

boosts his own ticket sales. And

21:37

so he saw that as a

21:39

great opportunity. Historian.

21:42

Nigel Cliff rates in his book the

21:44

Shakespeare Riots that Forest most likely saw.

21:46

The whole thing is a quote. Cheerful

21:49

rivalry between equals. But.

21:52

Mccready didn't see it

21:54

that way. Mccready was

21:57

deeply offended. That.

22:00

The side is and

22:02

gentlemanly and so greedy.

22:04

She remained outwardly cordial,

22:06

but privately he was

22:08

pretty angry and it

22:10

began to impacts how

22:12

he viewed forest. Mccready

22:16

try to give forests the benefit of

22:18

the doubt. He wrote that the whole

22:20

thing probably just came down to dinner

22:22

managers wanting publicity. Give

22:24

up to his sister's. I do

22:27

not concern myself at all about it. But

22:30

he also wrote that he didn't

22:32

mind comparisons between themselves and forced

22:34

because forest was not quote estimated

22:36

highly by the leading people in.

22:40

The. Newspapers got off to.

22:43

Newspapers are always tried to

22:45

sell newspapers and so from

22:47

the very beginning. Papers.

22:50

Released. Capitalizing

22:52

on that since a competition

22:54

that is growing between their

22:56

native son Forest as the

22:58

British Mccready and the papers

23:00

opinions are largely decided by

23:02

their readership to working class

23:04

papers are championing Forest some

23:07

and denigrating for creating an

23:09

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When William the Creamy returned to

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In eighteen, forty five Edwin Forest

25:46

arrived in London. And

25:49

started getting performances. He'd

25:51

been well received by audiences and critics

25:53

in England on his first trip there's

25:55

almost ten years ago. But.

25:58

This time. Something list of. London.

26:02

Is largely unimpressed with him.

26:04

Because. They recognize forests Acting hasn't

26:07

really changed since the last time

26:09

he was there a decade prior.

26:11

At the actual last as his

26:13

performance Arsenic Vests and his performance

26:15

of Arsenal for claims that his

26:17

performance of the Summer was was

26:19

greeted with a shower of hisses.

26:22

And he saw that as. A

26:25

systematic plan arranged in advance,

26:27

some by Mccready, the American

26:29

actor Charlotte Cushman wrote to

26:32

her mother. Forced

26:34

to sailed most dreadfully in the

26:36

best as they shouted the buster.

26:40

Forced had never had an experience like

26:42

this before. He didn't believe

26:44

that the bad reception was just because of

26:46

his performance. He thought to

26:48

have to be another reason. And

26:50

to him, the best explanation was

26:53

that Mccready had turned his powerful

26:55

friends against him. And

26:58

then. Force. Decided to go

27:00

see Mccready perform hamlet in school. Recruiting

27:05

is famous for. And

27:07

humid. Pretends to

27:09

be. As a

27:12

Mccready did this bit of stage

27:14

prisoners were he pulled out a

27:16

handkerchief any kind of waved at

27:18

a danced around. I went and

27:20

sat down across the state. Well,

27:23

at this performance in Scotland someone

27:25

stood up and hissed that moment.

27:29

And he was forest. Edward for

27:31

stood and hissed all of the

27:33

newspapers. It's England and and with

27:35

a day or two all the

27:37

newspapers in America are talking about

27:40

this. Hes now hissing. And

27:42

working class theaters was still

27:44

somewhat common though it was

27:46

by the time we reached later

27:49

eighteen forties it was much less

27:51

comments and was. Largely unheard

27:53

of in theaters that we're not kid

27:56

or to working class that's that's. True

27:58

in the United States as. I

28:00

always a Britain. At

28:03

first they clearly didn't believe that it

28:05

was for his intuit hissed at him,

28:07

but then several people said they'd seen

28:09

him do it. One person was quoted

28:11

saying. There was that

28:13

one. Hes. And when hes are. Forced.

28:16

Was the history. And.

28:18

Eventually it's for publish something

28:21

in. One of the newspapers. Forced.

28:23

Comes out he says yes I did.

28:25

This is a proper way to show

28:28

disapproval of something on stage and I

28:30

was just taking my rights as an

28:32

audience member. It's been for

28:34

Israel to. Mister. Mccready introduced

28:36

a fancy dance and to his

28:38

performances Hamlet. which I hissed.

28:41

For I thought as a desecration of the scene.

28:45

Mccready. Refused to engage force publicly

28:47

cover taking the high road studded

28:49

force eventually leads wanted his back

28:52

to the United States. But.

28:54

In his diary, Mccready called Edwin

28:56

Forest a quote. Know

28:58

minded Racine, I

29:02

mean he forced must have known this would

29:04

cause a scandal. I think almost

29:06

certainly forest. I think on some

29:08

level believe that. All.

29:11

Publicity is good publicity. He was someone

29:13

who's liked being talked about. He wanted

29:15

his name in the paper because that

29:17

brought people into the theater to see

29:20

him. I think

29:22

both Forest and Mccready also were

29:24

quite insecure and quite jealous of

29:26

the other. I. Think forced

29:29

Probably really did believe Step

29:31

Mccready was working against him

29:33

with tried to poison London

29:35

audiences and critics against him.

29:37

But yeah, I think Forest

29:39

was a very smart man

29:41

and he definitely knew what

29:43

he was doing. but he

29:45

also tended to act on

29:47

his emotions both on and

29:49

off stage. Coq.

29:51

Au the says the response and

29:53

American newspapers was divided along class

29:56

lines. Working class audiences

29:58

approved of the hits. One.

30:01

Horse returns. He kind of returns

30:03

as code this conquering hero and

30:05

there's like this parade that welcomes

30:07

him when he gets off the

30:09

boat. They. Applauding him

30:11

for standing up for America and

30:14

America's rights so forth knew what

30:16

he was doing, Its and his

30:18

audience loved it. but it was

30:21

yet another thing that proved to

30:23

more upper class audiences and the

30:25

readership of those newspapers that force

30:27

was in in Paris meant. To.

30:30

The he was representing America

30:32

spit in a way that

30:34

showed America has a coasts

30:36

and ruff and course are

30:38

incapable of self control. Two.

30:44

Years later, William Mccready now

30:46

doesn't exist. He's decided it

30:48

was time to retire. But.

30:51

First skill, do one final farewell

30:53

tour of America. Liquid

30:56

is close friend. Charles Dickens had

30:58

been nervous about him going. He.

31:01

Worried something bad would happen

31:03

to him there, that Mccready

31:05

insisted. He got on

31:07

a boat to America one last time. The.

31:11

Main reason why any of the

31:13

British actors went to America was

31:15

because of the opportunity to make

31:17

a tremendous amount of money. But

31:19

actually critics loved America for his

31:22

love forest on T I. She

31:24

was thinking about retiring in America

31:26

but she referred to as dear

31:28

Yankee Land and even at this

31:31

point he was thinking oh I

31:33

could see myself retiree They're still

31:35

loved the ideals that America was

31:37

founded on. sense of freedom. He

31:39

was a big. Fan of George

31:42

Washington. I think he had

31:44

still have salvaged that situation

31:46

and he could do one

31:48

last trip before he retired

31:50

and make the last misfortune

31:52

and maybe stay there. We.

31:55

And Mccready arrived in Philadelphia

31:58

force intend. Any. Edwin

32:00

Forest walking down the street. Mccready

32:03

look the other way. But.

32:05

One Mccready got on stage in Philadelphia,

32:08

parts of the audience hissed and jeered

32:10

at him. From the

32:12

stage he tried to explain that he

32:14

hadn't done anything wrong and that she

32:16

was the one who then hissed. And

32:20

then at a show in Cincinnati. Some

32:23

untrue has a dead sheep at him

32:25

from the gallery or think there was.

32:28

A heightened sense of expectations

32:30

to this years under treaty

32:33

as he began performing. States

32:36

first again followed him from

32:39

town to town, pushing the

32:41

same roles in the players

32:43

and theater in the same

32:45

town and the press on

32:48

both sides continue to escalate

32:50

the tension feeding. On

32:52

prejudices of class as

32:54

nationality. So eventually Forest

32:56

and Mccready on her

32:58

credit, is due other

33:00

Kurt speeches. they speak

33:02

to their audiences after

33:04

performances. Forest, too damn

33:06

Mccready at accused him

33:08

of his business practice.

33:10

just conspiracy Mccready. It's

33:12

trying to stay sort

33:14

of above that for

33:16

a saying that he

33:18

appreciates the audience City

33:20

has that. Is not guilty

33:22

in any way of what he spent charged

33:24

with. And

33:27

that way and the treaty. Traveled to New

33:30

York to play Macbeth. After

33:33

his opening night was cut short by audiences

33:35

tearing up the theater and throwing seats. Someone.

33:38

Else Edwin forests what he thought of the

33:40

whole set. Two wrongs

33:43

don't make the right he said. That

33:45

he also said. Let. The people

33:47

do as they please. As

33:51

The Crease prepared to go on stage again,

33:53

it's with hundreds of law enforcement officers stationed

33:55

in and around the theater. The

33:57

city was covered in posters, They.

34:00

Read. Working. Men shall

34:02

Americans are English rule in the

34:04

city. It was signed

34:06

by the American Committee. Which. Was

34:09

a native a society that was

34:11

at catholic if a t immigrant

34:13

and especially anti irish to pledged

34:16

America for Americans. Historian

34:18

Nigel Cliff Rights that is. More

34:20

and more immigrants arrived to New

34:22

York. Wages went down which said

34:24

anti immigrant ideas. At. The

34:27

same time, wealthy New Yorkers were

34:29

getting richer. For. Us

34:31

to Mccready are figureheads. They.

34:33

Represent America and England,

34:35

but they also represent

34:37

but working class and

34:40

the elites and there's

34:42

a lot of anger

34:44

and resentment and. This

34:47

the article rivalry provides can

34:49

it's a perfect catalyst. For.

34:52

This this tension. Needed.

34:55

Us. politicians who supported forest had

34:57

bought large numbers of tickets for

34:59

Mccready performances in New York and

35:01

handed them out to people. Most

35:04

of their members of New York's

35:06

gangs. By.

35:09

Seven o'clock that night. the streets near the

35:11

seat. Or were packed with

35:13

people mostly white American, an

35:15

Irish working class men, Com

35:19

couple that says that will need of. Americans

35:21

were anti Irish. The

35:23

two. Groups are united in their

35:25

dislike of the English. And

35:27

a few of them had a plan. Throw

35:30

gunpowder into the theaters large gas

35:32

chandelier to make it blow up.

35:37

In an outside the theatrics: Hundreds

35:39

of police officers are stationed the

35:41

theaters lower windows then boarded up

35:43

with wooden planks. When

35:46

the doors open people. Rushed inside, the

35:48

tickets sold to Mccready supporters had

35:50

secretly been marked so the Cedar

35:53

could try to throw at people

35:55

for their to support forest. Mcrib

35:59

walked into the. Stage with he

36:01

claimed confidence and cheerful. Song

36:05

Begins: There are first supporters in

36:07

the theater. They try to disrupt

36:10

the performance, but they are arrested

36:12

and they're locked up in a

36:14

basement. Crew in the theater and

36:17

they attempt to cease fire to

36:19

the building. so there is smoke

36:21

that starts coming out of the

36:24

building. Outside the theater, there is

36:26

a mob of at least ten

36:28

thousand people. Some newspaper reports said

36:31

as many as twenty four thousand,

36:33

but at least ten. Thousand Still

36:35

some of these are people who came

36:37

to protest but many of them are

36:40

just people who are on their way

36:42

home and see a crowded they are

36:44

just more bystanders. Then

36:47

some of the people of the phone

36:49

of the crowd started throwing paving stones

36:51

to the theaters windows and at the

36:53

police. Groups. Of young

36:55

men were throwing themselves at the. Entrance and

36:57

one of the doors burst open.

37:01

The shares senate an aid with an

37:03

urgent request for the national Guard did

37:05

some immediately. That. William

37:07

Mccready. Continued his performance.

37:10

Know, I can actually hear the performance,

37:12

but Mccready apparently seditious the performance I

37:15

did. He probably got to it as

37:17

fast as he possibly could and Macbeth

37:19

is one of sisters shorter place and

37:21

so ah, he got through it. Mccready.

37:25

Came out for the. Curtain call and bowed

37:27

towards the audience. Or

37:29

then he leaves the building and disguise. The.

37:32

National Guard arrived and try to

37:34

control the crowd who were still

37:36

throwing stones. The. National Guard

37:38

marches in in between the crowd and

37:41

the theater and a try to subdue

37:43

stay provide warnings to the crowd which

37:45

the crowd probably can't hear. They.

37:47

Fired warning shots over the heads of the

37:50

crowd. The. Bullet set were fired

37:52

above their heads out of the crowd

37:54

because of the nature of guns and

37:56

bullets during that time period. Stay

37:58

Then. Hit people. in

38:00

the back of the crowd. People. Who

38:03

weren't actually protesting? Who are there

38:05

just as bystanders. A

38:07

thirty four year old Wall Street Brokers was

38:09

watching the scene with one hand in his

38:11

pocket when he was killed by a gunshot.

38:14

A thirty year old Irish housekeepers had

38:16

been window shopping for shirts with her

38:18

husband when she was shot. money. she

38:20

died a few days later. A

38:23

nine year old boy was set to the

38:25

side but survived. But.

38:27

Then another. Order. Was

38:29

given and they did fire into

38:31

the crowd. Twenty two people were

38:34

killed at night. And

38:36

nine more died in the following

38:38

days from injuries that they sustained

38:40

night. It was the

38:43

deadliest of a number of civil

38:45

disturbances in New York City, which

38:47

generally pitted immigrants and nativists against

38:49

each other or together against the

38:51

wealthy who controlled the city's police

38:53

and the state militia. Com.

38:57

Couple, this isn't some ways the

38:59

as place riot. Changed American

39:02

Theater. I think

39:04

over time what happens as

39:06

see eighteen Hundreds progress is

39:08

that the working class people

39:11

are attending the theater less

39:13

and less and Cedar becomes

39:15

a bit more controlled by

39:18

the growing middle class and

39:20

where they're set. A greater

39:22

sense of decorum country spends

39:24

with the Messenger People are

39:27

expected to be. And

39:29

I think that the riot

39:32

is. One. Of the things

39:34

that really. Encouraged change of

39:36

direction for the teacher theater.

39:42

To the as to police released William

39:44

Mccready went back to England and retired

39:46

from the feeder. Mccready

39:49

expressed regret for the loss

39:51

of life, but ultimately didn't

39:53

really talk very much about

39:55

it. If said there was

39:57

a a painful him for

39:59

terrorists. Experience for him and not

40:01

one that he talked on a great

40:03

deal about even if with in the

40:05

privacy of his diary. What

40:08

happened to Forest? Forest stocks

40:11

performing for a little bit,

40:13

but his career continues, but

40:15

he also almost immediately goes

40:17

into this sorry, high profile

40:19

divorce hear his voice houses

40:21

six weeks divorce trial and

40:23

front of the New York

40:25

Supreme Court where they accuse

40:27

each other, us multiple infidelities

40:29

and it is kind of

40:31

the trial of the century

40:34

and is covered in all

40:36

of the papers and Forest

40:38

loses. Dotes T appeals,

40:40

and for sixteen years

40:42

he appeals on. But

40:44

I think the combination

40:46

of that riot and.high

40:48

profile to force really.

40:51

Tarnish his reputation, He.

40:55

Blamed. The Mayor's

40:57

office primarily Hibiscus said that the

40:59

on as to persuade shouldn't have

41:01

happened because the Us Space Opera

41:03

House should have shut down the

41:05

performance and never should have happened.

41:08

But. He certainly never took any

41:10

sense of responsibility for it. He

41:12

considers himself to be the

41:14

wrong to party. And

41:16

he stood by that. Kind

41:18

of for literally defiantly And

41:21

to the rest is why

41:23

said his career. Twenty.

41:29

Three years after the As to

41:31

Place riot, Edwin Forests died in

41:33

his hometown of Philadelphia. He was

41:35

sixty six. Four

41:38

months later, Liam Mccready died

41:40

and eat. Almost

41:43

all ethnic treaties obituaries pointed out

41:45

that he had outlived forest. Rooms.

42:03

How could either? So this is not. In

42:06

our next episode will tell the story

42:08

of sure that Cushman, an American actor

42:10

who became famous for playing Shakespeare's. Romeo

42:12

and you got to know both

42:15

William Charles Mccready and had been

42:17

forced. Criminals

42:20

created by Lawrence For and me

42:23

menial and as a senior producer

42:25

Canada Shepherds are supervising producer are

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producers are says integral percent Jackie

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City Go Really quite Lena Services

42:32

nagging Kinane Arsenal is Nixon engineered

42:34

by Veronica Some and Etti Julie

42:37

know Zander Snakes original illustrations for

42:39

each episode of Criminal. You can

42:41

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42:45

Call couple of book is ox

42:47

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42:50

On The American States, Eighteen, Twenty

42:52

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