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1:18

Her sons told me she was born to sing. She

1:20

was born to perform. There was always music

1:23

in the house. They might not have often

1:25

had food or, you know,

1:27

heating, but there was always music

1:29

playing.

1:30

Writer Jeff Mish. They

1:32

recalled she would take a speaker

1:35

and run it outside, and

1:37

she would perform as Aretha, and everyone in the

1:39

neighbourhood would come and gather around

1:42

the house and watch her perform. It was like going to

1:44

a local Aretha Franklin concert.

1:46

And they said that she was her happiest

1:50

when she was singing, no matter what was going on

1:52

in her personal life, in her private

1:55

life. It seemed that whenever she

1:57

was singing, she just seemed happy.

2:01

Mary Jane Jones was a member of a church gospel

2:04

choir called The Great Gate in

2:06

her hometown of West Petersburg, Virginia.

2:08

And they would tour around

2:11

America performing in churches

2:14

all across the country.

2:16

In 1969, Mary Jones was 27 years

2:19

old. She

2:21

was a single mother and she had three

2:24

young children at home. And

2:26

she sang at church but she also

2:29

had a secret double life performing

2:31

in local nightclubs to

2:34

earn some extra money.

2:37

When Motown music emerged,

2:39

it wasn't accepted by the church.

2:41

They thought it was sinful. Some

2:44

of the lyrics were a bit too risque. So

2:47

it wasn't...she would have to perform

2:50

under a different name. She performed under

2:52

Vicki Jones.

2:54

And these clubs were thought to be non-church

2:56

going places. Yes,

2:59

houses of sin, drinking, dancing,

3:02

sometimes violence. You

3:05

wouldn't want to be caught there by

3:08

other members of the parish.

3:11

Mary Jones wore costumes and a wig

3:14

so no one would recognize her. She

3:16

was paid $10 a night. And

3:19

what was she like as a singer? I mean, was it clear

3:22

that this woman had great talent?

3:25

It was clear to everyone who heard her

3:28

sing in church and in the clubs

3:30

that she had incredible talent.

3:34

And what people noticed most of all is

3:36

that Mary Jones sounded just like

3:38

Aretha Franklin. She'd modeled

3:41

her voice on Aretha. She would listen to

3:43

the Aretha's records. She

3:46

taught herself to sing by listening to Aretha.

3:50

So she was so convincing

3:52

as Aretha, she would get mistaken

3:55

for the real Queen of Soul.

3:59

Franklin was a role model for

4:02

so many women in

4:04

that culture because she'd made it. She

4:06

was scouted in a church.

4:09

She'd been spotted singing gospel

4:12

and had gone on to become an incredible success,

4:14

you know, gold, platinum

4:17

records, Grammys. She

4:20

had all the trappings of success, the

4:22

limousines, the fancy frocks.

4:26

She was a superstar on

4:29

the front cover of all the magazines.

4:29

And we know

4:32

that Mary Jones would

4:34

subscribe to Jet Magazine, which

4:36

was the huge magazine. Back

4:38

then, a handbag sized magazine

4:41

and Aretha was often on the cover.

4:43

And I think Mary Jones

4:46

aspired to be just like

4:48

Aretha.

4:49

Mary Jones would often perform in Motown

4:52

tribute acts, performing Aretha

4:54

Franklin songs. She

4:56

was doing this one night in January 1969 at

5:00

a club called The Pink Garter in

5:02

Richmond, Virginia.

5:04

She was backed by the house band, The

5:06

Rivernats. So she's in there

5:08

doing her show.

5:11

She's banging out respect.

5:13

Everyone's going crazy. And

5:16

there's another impersonator

5:18

on the bill that night. So it's not just Aretha

5:21

Franklin. There's another impersonator who

5:23

is doing James Brown. And

5:26

this guy is Lavelle Hardy. He's

5:28

a 24 year old hairdresser

5:31

from New York. And when

5:33

he's not cutting hair, he's performing as

5:35

James Brown across the country. He

5:37

takes one look

5:39

at Mary Jones and sees

5:43

those dollar signs. He thinks she's

5:45

incredible. And he

5:47

was earning a lot more money than Mary

5:50

Jones. She was earning 200 a night. She was

5:52

probably earning 10 bucks.

5:54

And so

5:56

he thought he had an idea.

5:58

I'm going to take. Mary

6:01

Jones on the road, make some money.

6:04

Take her on the road as Mary Jones? Well,

6:07

he had a better idea than that. He thought he would take

6:09

her on the road and tell everyone

6:11

that she was the real Aretha.

6:14

I'm Phoebe Judge. This is Criminal.

6:25

What did she think of this idea? She

6:28

didn't know. So,

6:33

Hardy tricked

6:36

Mary Jones. He told her that he

6:38

was booking the opening act for the

6:41

real Aretha Franklin and he

6:43

promised her $1,000 for six shows in Florida. She'd

6:46

never been paid that amount

6:48

of money in her life. She'd never seen that amount

6:51

of money in her life. So,

6:53

she went for it. She

6:56

even had to borrow the bus fare.

6:59

She decided to take a risk and

7:01

leave her sons at home and go and perform

7:03

for these six shows and open for the real

7:05

Aretha. That

7:08

was how Hardy got her on board.

7:11

I mean, this must have seemed... Well, it

7:14

was the first time she was, I think, travelling so

7:16

far away from home. But this must have seemed like

7:18

a very exciting opportunity.

7:20

She must have been thrilled. And

7:23

the money would have seemed to her like

7:25

it was the answer to all of her problems, the

7:27

answer to all of her prayers.

7:30

As soon as Mary Jones arrived in Florida, Lavelle

7:33

Hardy told her the truth, that

7:35

she was not going to be opening for Aretha Franklin.

7:39

She was going to be performing as Aretha

7:41

Franklin. Did they look

7:43

similar? They

7:46

looked similar enough. But what you've

7:48

got to remember is that this is 1969. Not

7:51

everyone had televisions. You

7:53

only recognise your favourite

7:56

performer by their voice. Or if you'd

7:58

gone to see them live.

7:59

So many people would have

8:02

listened to Aretha Franklin and only seen her

8:04

in pictures in Jet Magazine.

8:07

And this wasn't just done, you know,

8:11

here in the United States. I mean, this was at

8:13

that time a rather common practice of passing

8:16

off impersonators as the real

8:18

thing, because of

8:21

this lack of television, lack of our ability

8:23

to look up what this person actually

8:25

looked like.

8:27

There was a huge wave of

8:29

impersonators at this time.

8:32

It was this kind of magical moment just before

8:34

everyone got television sets in their front rooms,

8:37

where there were dozens of

8:40

fake acts on the road at any given time. You

8:42

could go and see the fake temptations, for

8:44

example. No

8:47

one really knew what their heroes looked like.

8:49

So, for example, back in 1955,

8:53

James Brown and Little Richard

8:56

had the same agent. And sometimes

8:58

when Little Richard was double booked, they'd make

9:00

James Brown fill in. They were

9:02

interchangeable, except

9:05

for one night in Alabama when the crowd

9:07

figured it out. And James

9:10

Brown reportedly had to do a lot

9:13

of backflips to win them over.

9:16

When the Val Hardy arrived in Florida, he

9:19

started calling local promoters. He

9:22

told them that Walritha Franklin normally got

9:24

paid $20,000 a night. She

9:27

was planning on doing a run of shows for $7,000

9:29

a night in cash. Um,

9:33

and these people fell for it. Jeff

9:37

Maish says that one promoter even

9:39

offered to provide a detective for security

9:42

and offered a car to use.

9:44

But there is a problem.

9:47

Mary Jones refused to go along with the

9:49

Val Hardy's plan.

9:51

And that caused a real problem, because

9:53

Hardy told her that if she didn't cooperate,

9:56

she'd be in a lot of trouble. And then he threatened

9:59

to throw her in the back.

9:59

the bay and whether

10:02

he knew it or not that was her greatest fear

10:04

was being thrown into water.

10:07

She couldn't swim and she had this terrible fear of drowning.

10:12

Reportedly he said to her, your body

10:14

can be easily disposed of in

10:16

the water.

10:18

And this must have been a shock to her because

10:21

she thought that she was being brought to perform

10:23

and make money and

10:26

he had never shown himself to be angry

10:28

or violent to her before or threatening.

10:33

I think his entire personality changed

10:35

as soon as they got to Florida and he

10:37

became incredibly threatening

10:40

and he told her very firmly,

10:43

you are Aretha Franklin.

10:48

Was she dressed up as Aretha

10:50

Franklin? What did they do to her appearance?

10:53

So Lavelle Hardy brought with him this yellow

10:56

floor length gown. Very

10:59

typical of something that the real Aretha might

11:02

have worn but

11:03

I guess it was a lot cheaper. And

11:06

he brought a wig and he'd

11:08

get her in really heavy stage makeup.

11:11

And from a

11:13

distance, in

11:17

a nightclub, from quite

11:19

far away, you would

11:21

be convinced it was the real Aretha.

11:25

And her voice was that good. It

11:27

was incredible. She blew

11:30

the roof off,

11:31

apparently. We'll be

11:33

right back.

11:53

This year, Pride Month was dominated by one

11:55

song, Padam Padam by Kylie

11:57

Minogue. I'm switched on pop producer and

12:00

this week we're doing a deep dive into Peramparam and

12:03

its growing status as a gay anthem, leading

12:06

us to the question, what makes a gay

12:08

anthem? Is it the diva at its center

12:11

or is it something more? This episode of Switched on

12:13

Pop, I talk to multiple experts and friends to

12:15

understand how songs like these tend

12:18

to connect with our community. You can find Switched on

12:20

Pop anywhere you get your podcasts.

12:24

Lavelle Hardy booked another show for Mary Jones,

12:27

Azaritha Franklin.

12:28

People were really pleased. No

12:30

one really suspected a thing. In

12:35

fact, Lavelle Hardy thought,

12:37

well, this is going so well, we should

12:39

probably think about booking some bigger gigs.

12:43

What would happen when the show was over at

12:45

night? Well, as soon as the show

12:48

was over, Lavelle Hardy would spirit

12:51

Mary away. He didn't want anyone to get

12:53

a close-up look at her. You

12:56

know, he would bundle her into a car and

12:58

drive her to a cheap motel, lock

13:00

the door. And

13:03

as she told it, he'd feed her a couple

13:05

of hamburgers and

13:07

they would get ready for the next gig.

13:10

So he wasn't paying her after every show?

13:14

He'd promised to pay her, but at

13:16

the end. So she didn't

13:18

have any cash. And

13:22

she had no way to get home. Remember,

13:24

she'd borrowed the bus fare to get down there. So

13:28

she wouldn't have been able to

13:31

get the bus home if she tried, she didn't have

13:33

the money. And you've

13:36

got to remember, this was an incredibly hostile time.

13:40

In 1969, in the South, this

13:44

would not be the place for a

13:47

young African-American woman to be

13:49

out on her own looking for help.

13:53

Lavelle

13:53

Hardy booked a show at the High Hat Club

13:56

in Fort Myers, a 1,400-seat venue.

14:00

Tickets sold for $5.50. They

14:03

sold out. So, uh,

14:06

this was... things were getting out of control. Uh,

14:09

this was, uh... this was a bigger crowd. I

14:13

wonder what it must have been like for...

14:18

for Mary Jones to... to

14:20

be getting these standing ovations and to be

14:22

getting people just on their feet

14:25

who loved her so much.

14:27

And it was for her voice, but they didn't think

14:29

that they were... they thought

14:31

that they were applauding for someone else.

14:33

It must have been very conflicting,

14:36

because all this time she dreamed

14:39

of leading the life that Aretha

14:41

Franklin was leading, performing

14:44

to sell out crowds, wearing these incredible

14:46

dresses, and getting

14:48

standing ovations. And it

14:51

must have been very hard to achieve

14:53

all that, but know that really you

14:55

were masquerading as someone else, that

14:57

you didn't deserve it. And I

15:00

think by then she realised that she

15:02

wanted to be herself. She wanted

15:04

to perform as Mary

15:07

Jones or Vicki Jones, as she called

15:09

herself. She wanted to have success

15:12

on her own terms.

15:19

And was he more confident

15:22

about booking

15:22

larger audiences because the reactions

15:25

had been so great from the previous

15:28

audiences, the smaller crowds had loved her?

15:30

Yeah, the smaller crowds had fallen for

15:32

it, and he'd earned a lot

15:34

of money, and I think he got greedy

15:37

and he wanted a big score. And

15:40

Lavelle Hardy had booked the Southeastern

15:43

Livestock Pavilion, which is a huge

15:46

venue, 4,200 seats, normally reserved

15:48

for cattle shows, cattle

15:51

auctions. And

15:54

this was going to be a big event. The promoters

15:57

had printed up Aretha Franklin posters.

16:01

They'd stuck the posters up all over town. DJs

16:04

were talking about it in the local area. And

16:08

it was going to be probably one of the biggest shows

16:11

of the year.

16:13

When

16:13

word started to spread about Aretha Franklin's

16:16

show in Ocala, someone

16:18

else found out about it.

16:20

The real Aretha Franklin. Aretha

16:25

Franklin had discovered that

16:28

there was something going on in the south. She'd taken

16:30

a trip down to Miami and

16:34

heard that she was performing.

16:36

And of course she knew she wasn't. She

16:38

was actually on vacation. So her

16:41

attorneys, Aretha Franklin's attorneys,

16:44

started making calls and

16:46

got through to the local prosecutor

16:50

nearby. A guy called

16:52

Gus Musley,

16:54

who was a bit of a showman himself. And

16:57

he was

16:59

told that

17:01

the shows were fake. This was a fake Aretha Franklin.

17:05

And this was news to Musley because he had two tickets to

17:07

the show.

17:09

I mean, I guess that's the problem, right? If you're

17:12

playing in little clubs, it's easier to pass

17:14

off that you're Aretha Franklin. But if you're booking

17:17

4,000-seat theaters,

17:21

someone's going to say, wait a second. Who

17:24

is it? I mean, that's the risk. That's

17:27

the things with scams though, isn't it? They always get

17:29

out of control. That's

17:32

how we come to hear about them. Scams

17:35

usually start out small and

17:37

you make a little bit of money. And then

17:40

you either take your money and go

17:43

quietly away, or most people get greedy

17:46

and they will do it until they get caught.

17:49

So what happened next?

17:52

Well, then the police got involved and

17:54

two local investigators,

17:57

two local cops, decided to...

20:00

Gus Musley, the prosecutor, calls

20:03

Mary Jones into the courtroom

20:05

and asks her to sing. And

20:07

she does, she performs. And

20:09

everyone's blown away. He

20:12

thought she was, quote, terrific, and

20:15

said she showed a distinctive style

20:17

of her own. And

20:19

what did he decide to do? He let

20:22

her off. He believed her. He

20:25

said, quote,

20:26

it was obvious she was a victim.

20:29

So Lavelle Hardy's, he's still

20:32

in jail. Lavelle Hardy's

20:34

in jail. They find him with $7,000

20:38

on him when he's arrested. His

20:43

profits from the shows. It's quite

20:45

a lot of money in 1969. That's about just

20:47

under $50,000 today. And

20:51

he gave most of that to an attorney, a local

20:53

attorney. And the

20:56

attorney convinced the prosecutor

21:00

to let him go too. But

21:01

he was told to beat it, you know, get

21:03

out of Florida. She

21:06

was still broke at this point. I mean,

21:08

she was still, she might have been let off, but

21:11

she was still kind of stuck.

21:12

She was stuck.

21:15

But there was somebody

21:17

waiting outside the courtroom for her

21:19

that would change her life forever.

21:25

So as

21:25

soon as she leaves the courthouse, there's

21:28

a man waiting for her.

21:31

He's a gentleman called Ray Green. He's

21:35

a Jacksonville entrepreneur

21:37

and a lawyer who'd been following

21:40

her story, because of course it made the newspapers

21:42

fake Aretha Franklin arrested.

21:45

And he

21:47

offered her a contract and he gave her $500 as a cash

21:49

advance because

21:53

he wanted to take her on tour. He wanted to be her

21:55

her agent and advisor.

21:58

He wanted to take her on a. nationwide

22:00

tour because he thought there was so much interest

22:03

in her. This

22:05

must have, I mean, I wonder at this point whether she

22:07

was happy

22:10

about this news or whether all she could

22:13

be at this point was skeptical about another man

22:15

coming in saying, I'm going to make

22:16

you a big star. I

22:18

think Ray Green was incredibly

22:21

impressive. He was a

22:23

millionaire, very successful

22:26

man, self-made. The $500

22:29

cash advance, I think, went some way to prove

22:32

that he was real. And

22:35

he was he was a good guy. I

22:39

think

22:40

his promises seemed realistic.

22:43

He wanted to take her on the road as

22:45

herself.

22:47

He wanted her to perform as

22:50

as Mary Jones.

22:53

And

22:54

life would never be the same again.

23:01

We'll be right back.

23:06

Mary Jones went back to West Petersburg. She

23:09

found out that Duke Ellington

23:11

had heard about her.

23:13

And a few weeks later, she went back to

23:15

Florida for one of his shows.

23:18

Duke Ellington invited her on to stage

23:20

at a show, introduced

23:22

her as the woman who made headlines

23:25

just two weeks earlier. And

23:29

they performed together. She sang Every

23:31

Day I Have the Blues. She

23:34

wore the same yellow evening gown she had

23:36

worn when she was performing as Aretha Franklin

23:39

in Fort Myers. But

23:41

this time she didn't wear a wig.

23:46

Was she accepted as herself?

23:48

I mean, were people disappointed that she wasn't singing

23:50

respect anymore? Or was

23:52

she able to be thought of as her own artist

23:55

finally?

23:58

This was the beginning of what? what

24:00

Duke Ellington had planned

24:02

for her. He told her, you know, you've got to be

24:05

yourself now. And he even offered

24:07

to write some songs specifically

24:09

for her to record.

24:13

She wanted to perform

24:16

as herself now. This was a new

24:18

chapter.

24:20

She felt ready to write her own songs

24:22

and her own music.

24:25

She told the reporter, I want

24:27

to do songs strictly about me, how

24:30

I got started and how I love. Everything

24:34

I write will be based on my life. I

24:36

think people will be interested.

24:41

And did she, I mean, tell me about some of the

24:43

things that happened to her when she started to perform.

24:46

So she went on the road. She flew

24:48

in jets for the first

24:50

time. She performed in

24:52

Chicago and Las Vegas.

24:56

And she gave interviews to the newspapers.

24:59

She said she wanted to be famous, but she

25:01

said, in my own style, I've got my own

25:03

bag. The way I feel is that people

25:06

can buy a wreath for a wreath and they can

25:08

buy Vicki Jane for Vicki Jane.

25:12

Did Aretha Franklin ever

25:14

say anything about her? So

25:17

there was a whole media spectacle

25:20

caused by this. So eventually

25:23

Aretha Franklin

25:24

heard the story and in an interview

25:26

with Jet, she defended her. She

25:28

said that it was Lavelle Hardy who

25:31

ought to be prosecuted, not

25:34

that girl. So she was pro

25:36

Mary

25:37

Jones.

25:44

Mary Jones performing as Vicki Jones

25:47

toured all over the country in

25:49

bigger and bigger venues.

25:52

Well, of course, when she's on these tours, she's

25:54

earning so much money, more money than she's

25:57

ever seen. And she performs

25:59

in all the...

25:59

these awesome locations. But

26:02

of course people really

26:05

only want her to sing Aretha songs

26:08

because that's what made her famous. So

26:12

you know they wanted her to sing Respect.

26:15

She wasn't given time to write

26:17

her own songs or perform as herself.

26:19

People just wanted to see the Aretha act

26:22

and I think

26:24

for a time that was successful

26:28

but it was it was very limiting and I think

26:30

I think Duke Ellington said something like this

26:32

she needs to break out of the Aretha

26:35

thing and she

26:37

just wasn't able to and probably

26:40

nor did she want to because she was earning up

26:43

to fifteen hundred dollars a night doing

26:46

doing Aretha.

26:49

So she just stopped performing?

26:54

Well she she did a year of touring and

26:57

then she went

26:58

back to her hometown to

27:01

do a show there and

27:04

she was eating at a restaurant in West

27:06

Petersburg and

27:08

her two little sons

27:11

ran into the dining room and

27:14

this was an adults only

27:15

restaurant so that

27:17

waiters were trying to grab them but

27:20

it was it was one of these moments where she

27:23

realized that she'd lost sight of

27:25

her role as a mother. Her

27:28

sons had gone back to live with the ex-husband

27:32

who told them that she was never coming back.

27:36

Gregory, her son Gregory told me that

27:38

he couldn't bear to listen to Aretha

27:41

songs on the radio when When Aretha

27:43

songs would come on he'd changed the channel and

27:47

that moment

27:48

with her sons in this restaurant

27:50

was life-changing

27:52

and she realized that she

27:55

she wanted to quit

27:56

and she never performed again.

27:58

She stayed in West Petersburg.

27:59

Petersburg and raised her children.

28:04

In 2018,

28:05

Jeff Maish published his reporting on

28:07

Vicky Jones in the Smithsonian

28:09

Magazine

28:11

in a piece called The Counterfeit

28:13

Queen of Soul. Tell

28:15

me about her sons. What did they have

28:17

to say about their mother? When

28:22

Gregory finally agreed

28:24

to talk about his mother, he

28:27

was so emotional and so happy that someone

28:29

had finally called him

28:32

because he'd obviously been telling this story

28:34

to friends and people over the decades

28:37

and people wouldn't believe

28:39

it. No one

28:41

had spoken to the local cops

28:43

or the prosecutor and told

28:46

this story in full for the first time and he

28:48

was really grateful. This was

28:50

published in the Smithsonian

28:52

Magazine and he went into his

28:54

local bookstore

28:55

and bought up all the

28:57

copies and was showing people,

28:59

I think he showed the person at the cash register his

29:02

picture in the magazine. He was just

29:04

thrilled to have this story told for the

29:06

first time.

29:08

I'm sure and to see your mother

29:11

get the recognition she deserved. I mean,

29:14

I know she had her moment, but to

29:17

see her for her own right, not just the

29:19

Aretha Franklin imposter.

29:20

Yeah,

29:26

her sons told me that she

29:29

wanted to be Aretha so much, but they

29:31

always saw her for who she was. She

29:33

was mum

29:34

and they remember

29:36

her dancing and singing in

29:39

the kitchen, but it wasn't because

29:41

she was doing Aretha, they just loved being around their

29:43

mum.

29:47

What did you

29:49

like about her story? I mean, I just, I

29:51

don't know, what did you learn about this woman through

29:54

talking to all these people? It's

29:59

not the old clean. say that

30:02

if only you could be yourself, life would be

30:04

so much better. Stop trying to be someone

30:06

else. I think it does show

30:08

that

30:09

even

30:10

if you're put into the most

30:13

impossible scenarios, being

30:15

kidnapped, forced to perform,

30:18

if you're honest and true to

30:20

yourself, then good

30:23

things can come out of terrible situations.

30:25

And I think that was true for her.

30:32

In

30:32

March of 1969, Jet

30:35

Magazine reported that

30:37

a woman in Richmond, Virginia was

30:39

doing a brisk business pretending

30:42

to be Vicki Jones.

30:45

I write a lot about imposters,

30:48

and I've noticed this a lot. Whenever

30:51

an impostor is really good, the impostor

30:53

gets their own impostor. It's like a copy

30:55

of a facsimile. And

30:59

as you know about copies of copies, they

31:01

tend to not be very good. So of

31:03

course, after all these

31:05

headlines, there were

31:09

Vicki Jones or Mary Jones impersonators

31:12

on tours around America being

31:14

introduced

31:15

as the faker, either Franklin,

31:17

that everyone's talking about. So

31:20

it's like a weird hole of mirrors,

31:23

isn't

31:24

it? Criminal is

31:27

created by Lauren Spore and me. Nadia

31:29

Wilson is

31:39

our

31:43

senior producer. Katie Bishop is our

31:45

supervising producer. Our

31:47

producers are Susanna Roberson, Jackie

31:50

Sajiko, Lily Clark, Lena Sillison,

31:52

and Megan

31:53

Knane. Our technical director

31:55

is Rob Byers, engineering by

31:57

Russ Henry. Julian Alexander.

32:00

makes original illustrations for each episode

32:02

of Criminal. You can see them at

32:05

thisiscriminal.com. If

32:07

you like the show, tell a friend or leave us

32:09

a review. It means a lot. We're

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32:23

past episodes. That's at youtube.com

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slash criminal podcast.

32:28

Criminal is recorded in the studios of North

32:31

Carolina Public Radio, WUNC.

32:34

We're part of the Vox Media Podcast

32:36

Network.

32:36

Discover more great shows

32:39

at podcast.voxmedia.com. I'm

32:42

Phoebe Judge.

32:43

This is Criminal.