In 1932, the Menzel family purchased Marc Chagall’s painting, Jacob’s Ladder, and hung it in their apartment in Brussels, Belgium. But as the Nazi regime advanced, the Menzels, fearing for their own safety, fled Brussels for the United States, leaving their Chagall painting behind.

After the Allied Forces declared victory, the Menzels returned to their Brussels apartment, only to find their Chagall painting missing. The Einsatzstab Rosenberg, a Nazi Party organization responsible for looting cultural property like artwork, had stolen it during the war. But the Menzels were not about to let the fascists take anything else from them. They were determined to find and retrieve the Chagall.

Mr. Menzel passed away in 1960, but his widow, Erna, refused to give up on the painting. In 1962, she found it. And the legal case that would follow was controversial and precedent-setting in New York State, the art world, and the field of post-war damages and reparations.

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