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system with smart built-in. Workday has

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and deliver unprecedented adaptability. Workday.

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The finance and HR system

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for a changing world. The

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Economist. Hello

0:28

and welcome to the Intelligence from the

0:30

Economist Andreessen Palmer. And I'm Aura

0:32

or can be. Every weekday we

0:35

provide a fresh perspective on the

0:37

events shaping. You will win. A.

0:42

Trip to windswept Scottish islands reveals

0:44

are troubling trend for archaeology. Climate

0:47

change is unearthing national treasures over

0:49

the place, but the lands developers

0:51

who typically fund archaeological digs are

0:54

nowhere to be seen. And

0:58

a new. French biopic tells

1:00

the story of classical composer

1:02

Maurice rebels struggle to create

1:04

his distinctive nineteen Twenty eight.

1:06

Peace will ever it could.

1:08

it's repetitive earnest have had

1:10

something to do with the

1:12

composer's brain disease. First

1:19

out, the. Singapore

1:28

is often admired as one

1:30

of the world's most successful

1:32

societies. Well,

1:35

at least in financial terms.

1:37

It stability, as well as

1:40

it's tax and government's regimes

1:42

have long been attractive to

1:44

international investors, but it's still

1:46

maintains a strong links with

1:48

China, and is criticized for

1:51

it's illiberal domestic politics. Now

1:54

changes efforts at the top and

1:57

Singapore is about to come under

1:59

new manage. I. Accept

2:01

this responsibility. With. Humility

2:03

and a d sense of

2:06

duty. Nine swung

2:08

Singapore's Finance minister and deputy prime

2:10

minister who take a their families

2:13

can long later this month. Every

2:16

ounce of my energy show

2:18

be devoted. To. The service of

2:20

our country and our people. Mr.

2:23

Wong will be just a fourth prime

2:26

minister since nineteen sixty five. The

2:28

year that Singapore gained independence from Malaysia.

2:31

And. Among the challenges he faces

2:33

is protecting islands economic progress,

2:36

And need increasingly tricky relations

2:38

between China and the West.

2:41

Economists. Foreign editor Patrick Thousand spoke

2:43

to Mr. Wong earlier this week

2:46

to discuss the future of Singapore,

2:48

it's model for government and the

2:50

risks that lie ahead. I

2:56

met Mr Wong in a peaceful

2:59

room overlooking the skylight and Singapore

3:01

which is a mixture of really

3:03

old lady or buildings and sweet

3:05

the modern architecture in the financial

3:07

center on a wants to find

3:09

out what's his prime ministership would

3:11

mean for the country and how

3:13

he was gonna change Singapore compared

3:15

to what his predecessors did and

3:17

I will be the first prime

3:19

minister the be born off the

3:21

Singapore's independence. All my predecessors

3:24

sank with lot three other

3:26

national and tons of that.

3:29

I've on a song, one national anthem, My.

3:31

To lacing up for our national anthem

3:33

at sixty one years old as the

3:35

one was born seven years and to

3:38

Singapore was existence. And

3:40

he'll be the source prime minister

3:42

since independence for Singapore. Tell

3:46

me that about Mr. One. What was he like?

3:49

Well. I think he's much more

3:51

of a humble figure compared to

3:53

some of the prime minister's Singapore's

3:55

hot in the past is much

3:57

more accessible, also has a more.

4:00

At Grand So, he went to the local

4:02

school in Singapore rather than one of the

4:04

elite schools. My background is what

4:06

it is, even if it's helpful if it

4:08

makes it more relate about the Singapore and

4:10

so much the better. He. Grew

4:12

up on one of the city's

4:15

public housing estates which are when

4:17

they singaporeans less often and study

4:19

in Singapore. he went. To.

4:21

University in the states and he

4:23

spoke and fondly boxes time asking

4:26

or american streets during his university

4:28

years and a scientists will say

4:30

become known for doing a guitar

4:32

says sorts. Oh

4:37

so on every man, many more.

4:43

The swans ascendancy means the for the

4:45

first time in the country's modern history,

4:47

there is no member of the least

4:49

family either in charge waiting in the

4:51

wings. Mr. Wong believes he can

4:53

live up to his predecessors. I believe when

4:55

push comes to shop and that time comes

4:58

with that hottest a sense I would do

5:00

so. so long as the dissenters in the

5:02

in says of Singapore and Singapore, it. In

5:04

one time mentioned Singapore is still

5:06

an exemplar and that's the economy.

5:09

It's a combination of. Being.

5:11

Open. Embracing change

5:13

and technology. And. Trying

5:16

to be a small says possible? Who

5:18

was government decision making? The

5:20

more contentious bit of Singapore

5:22

is it's political system. Which.

5:25

Remains something rather different from

5:27

a fool fat western style

5:29

democracy. The latest democracy

5:31

and x for my sister. Company Economist

5:34

Intelligence Units. Pacify Singapore

5:36

as a smooth democracy.

5:40

Strength. Mr.

5:43

Ones People's Action Party has

5:46

been the dominant force and

5:48

Singaporean politics for six decades.

5:50

And rules continuously. But it's level

5:53

of control has relaxed a bit.

5:55

So the Center left Workers' Party

5:57

one two of the com. Smoking

6:00

member constituencies and Twenty twenty a

6:02

first for any opposition group in

6:05

the country's history, and has roughly

6:07

a tenth of seats in parliament.

6:10

And the opposition and title has

6:12

around forty percent of votes say

6:14

it's got some weight said The

6:16

Resistance in which politics, while not

6:18

a multi party system. All.

6:21

More contestable than in the

6:23

past. While the majority today

6:25

would like to be happy to be

6:27

in power to be in government, they

6:30

would also like to see more opposition

6:32

voices in parliament. So. The opposition

6:34

presence in parliament is here to stay.

6:37

And it's quite clear. But.

6:39

It's the same time the current

6:41

outgoing Prime Minister Lee is like

6:43

these a play some role in

6:45

decision making. What? This is a

6:47

Singapore tradition I mean you don't find

6:50

is commonly in other countries by it's

6:52

a longstanding Singapore traditional without found it

6:54

very valuable. Mr. Wong launched

6:56

a policy called for would Singapore

6:58

in the last couple of years

7:01

which is a really large scale

7:03

Engagements of citizens about two hundred

7:05

thousand people participated. Conversation.

7:08

Still has limits and props. Mr One

7:11

will go further. During. His time

7:13

in office. Me: Will have to do

7:15

our best to engage Singaporeans. We'll have

7:17

to do our best. Were involved dance

7:20

in decisions that they care deeply about.

7:22

And. In shaping our future. Mr.

7:25

Wong Tobin. The next generation

7:27

holds hi democratic expectations. Is

7:29

myself my team. We are unable

7:32

to meet up the doors high

7:34

expectations. If we are unable to

7:36

deliver those standards and a better

7:39

team arises then. Singaporeans.

7:41

Would choose accordingly. I have no doubt about it.

7:44

So. I think what's happening in Singapore

7:46

is you got a dynamic, hyper

7:49

rich, hyper modern society that's undergoing

7:51

more change And that means I

7:53

think the government has to be

7:55

more accountable to have public opinion

7:57

is shifting. One other

7:59

time. Mr. Wong facing. For.

8:02

Singapore had a point of golden

8:04

era where as a trading center.

8:07

With. A growing population, it was able

8:09

to grow really fast and the ears.

8:11

Legalization and what's happening now is

8:14

some of those. Underlying

8:16

factors are heading in the opposite

8:18

direction, say the world economy is

8:20

now less. Trade centric that

8:23

it was another same time, the

8:25

number of working age citizens is

8:27

forecast to decline by several hundred

8:29

thousand. To about one point

8:31

nine million by twenty thirty a bill.

8:33

That means is higher health care costs

8:36

and at the same time it means

8:38

it needs grace in the workforce to

8:40

keep expanding the economy. And that's what

8:42

migration comes and. We. Welcome

8:45

foreign professionals to work in Singapore,

8:47

but it's. It's

8:49

control because if it's not controlled, I

8:51

think they will be easily swapped. And

8:54

rising numbers of people create more

8:56

competition. Some native Singaporeans feel that

8:59

the odds are stacked against them,

9:01

with loads of highly qualified outsiders

9:03

getting a better chance of the

9:06

top shots. And. Singapore sits

9:08

in a precarious position between

9:10

China and America. It's open

9:12

to both. Tell me that

9:14

more about that. One. Time since

9:16

Singapore's economy is split

9:19

between trading and take

9:21

business with the West

9:23

and with Asia including

9:25

China. Meanwhile, the population

9:27

majority Chinese have strong

9:29

cultural. On. Often ancestral links

9:32

with China. And that does

9:34

create some tensions in the global all

9:36

day shifting. the you need for the

9:38

moment for America has ended. Yet

9:41

it remains a pre eminence power

9:43

in the world that's transiting to

9:45

a multipolar world. Balancing

9:47

this line between. The. Two

9:49

Superpowers is tricky for a small country.

9:52

When. A bit country deals of a small

9:54

country that because he often doesn't realize how

9:57

imposing they are. And is very hard

9:59

to find a happy. Balance between the two the

10:01

big and small country at the same time.

10:04

To. Hear more about this and an extended

10:06

version of the interview with Lawrence One listened

10:08

to Money Talks which Will Be at the

10:11

Ceiling on the Economist podcast feet. At.

10:13

A It sounds like the new Prime minister

10:15

has lots of challenges. Ahead of him d

10:17

think he's got what it takes to deal

10:19

with them. I think in.

10:22

The. Economic Sphere: Mr. Wong said

10:24

gender is exactly the right

10:26

one. The. Focus is on

10:28

keeping Singapore as open as possible to

10:31

the world economy. Even though it's scope

10:33

more turbulent. The reality is we are

10:35

still a very tiny little island in

10:37

avast and dangerous world which is going

10:40

to get more dangerous in the coming

10:42

years. The area where I

10:44

think. Mr. Wong should probably

10:46

do more. Isn't. Politics.

10:49

It's. Better to have a political system.

10:52

There's. More resilient, more flexible,

10:54

more open to new ideas. But

10:56

it's still a bit of an

10:58

open question how far Lawrence Warm

11:01

and the fourth generation Singaporean the

11:03

To see represents are prepared to

11:05

get in that direction. What?

11:08

Has happened in the last sixty years

11:10

has been nothing short of America and

11:12

my mission. Is a kid

11:14

this miracle going for as long as

11:16

I can and to mix well. Little

11:18

Red.shines brightly for as long as possible.

11:21

Whether. Singapore succeeds is important because

11:23

it's an example of how to

11:26

get well see how to succeed

11:28

to lots of other countries around

11:30

since was watching closely. And

11:33

was completely lil pets I think you say much for

11:35

on the say. Thanks sorry.

11:49

If you want to let smarten you

11:51

need a system with small doses, Workday

11:54

has a I embedded into the core

11:56

of the system to seamlessly support your

11:58

web. slow and deliver. Unprecedented. Adapted the

12:00

website the Finance Nhl System for a

12:03

change in love. With

12:16

I know, why Is it First round?

12:18

Six. Hundred people

12:20

have Manuel the treasurer of the

12:22

know fungi whistles and archaeological sites

12:24

that contains the remains of islands

12:27

and know settled by the I

12:29

get i get blown over if

12:31

is vs as way I'll get.

12:33

Married right much about Foreign affairs for

12:35

the Economist. Were on the island. A rousing

12:37

which is one of the Orkney Islands of the North

12:39

coast of Scotland is so I feel as he has

12:42

a nice. Here and it's history.

12:44

all. Around us and that sits

12:46

resident around has since all the

12:48

way back and ram. And

12:51

and school. Sonos long

12:53

as we're just to the coast and

12:55

a big bay. In. Front

12:57

of me is what looks like a

12:59

load of rubble. the in it is

13:02

an archaeological do it Also city say

13:04

they see that right? So we're here

13:06

so all the way alone Here there's

13:08

a little iron age building. The

13:11

know if one day has been here for

13:13

thousands of years. But. It's disappearing

13:15

first. Why is it was

13:17

happening? Oh coastal erosion

13:19

has destroyed most of the

13:21

know sunrise. Solving puzzles a

13:24

concise and things were

13:26

eroding all. The Time Silk

13:28

to Julie Bonds and husband

13:30

Doctor Stephen.krell lead ongoing excavations

13:33

at the North Conrad. I'd.

13:35

Buy good base as an. Antiquated.

13:39

We used to the rank. Was

13:42

flipped around for the Ponderosa.

13:44

Will. Go within. This

13:48

huge to be unequally. That it's

13:50

it's just retreating back from the say

13:52

it'll be that. These. Deposits

13:54

will come from underneath on the whole

13:56

thing will install it tastes the same

13:58

can to disappear that. In a room

14:00

with give interviews and then a big

14:03

storm it still affects the bits of

14:05

that in survival. Besides I'd stones. Scotland,

14:08

Now experience is more wind turbines old and

14:11

had been predicted the twenty fifth be. Rising

14:13

sea levels are more frequent. Storms

14:16

are washing away. the sediment website

14:18

says. Rising. Sea levels more

14:20

frequent storms. This sounds like it's going to

14:22

be exciting story. Is day said.

14:24

Stephen. Julie Things I T. With

14:27

climate change the sinuses increasing The

14:29

sea level is definitely increasing on

14:31

so a rise in is getting

14:33

faster so it's important that will

14:35

have to be spicy for like

14:37

of. Scotland, Is not the

14:40

only place like change in weather patterns are

14:42

causing a problem. Unesco. Reckons

14:44

that one in six cultural heritage sites

14:46

are threatened by climate. Change in

14:48

England. Specify Mm focal than than and

14:50

out and the waterlogged conditions are preserved

14:52

as home with my son tablets some

14:55

a lot more on Obama. Finn.

14:57

Outset com as possible as eating a

14:59

long and to keep alcopop. On

15:01

site because the Middle East have been buried

15:03

under tons of sand. But when

15:05

it comes to climate change up your shield,

15:08

preservation is hardly a top priority. So.

15:10

Is anything at all being done? Can anything

15:12

be done? A climate emergency

15:15

was declared and twenty twenty by the

15:17

International Council on Monuments and Sites, which

15:19

deals with this kind of thing. But

15:22

many archaeologists say policymakers have been

15:24

slow. The mark. Funding is

15:26

the main problem. Archaeology.

15:28

Tends to be back world by land developers. But.

15:31

When it comes to climate related damage as

15:33

no one's pay said. Is costly

15:35

bill protective measures and that doesn't happen

15:38

too often these days. But. There

15:40

are some benefits that com the climate change. Go.

15:42

On what was the good side of the story, Well.

15:45

Archaeologists are coming across nice sites.

15:48

Several. Of the most exciting discoveries of

15:50

recent years from nazi war sits in

15:53

the da needs to ancient but carvings

15:55

and amazon or revealed only esters severe

15:57

droughts. Stone. And excited and

15:59

sense to. The. Star. Break which

16:01

is a neolithic site in Orkney with

16:03

concealed by vengeance until it was to

16:05

start by storm and the nineteenth century.

16:08

A centuries old shit wet ray paid

16:10

under similar circumstances this year. So

16:12

the way to think about this is that we are losing

16:15

some sites, but along the way we're going against them or.

16:17

Yeah, even for those newly discovered

16:19

sides, climate change poses a problem.

16:22

I'm so archaeologists and heritage institutions

16:24

are faced with a brilliant politician.

16:27

We thought full they save a which

16:30

for they allowed to disappear of decay.

16:33

Given. The sheer numbers, size under

16:35

threat, and unlimited resources available, many

16:37

flights will be lost. And

16:40

as though thought the tunnels or does

16:42

appear to focal knowledge and tours and

16:44

Nato. With them. I

16:46

spoke with some I'm from his.environment

16:48

Scotland. He works on preservation and

16:50

she says communities needs constanze the

16:53

changing them states. And adapt

16:55

accordingly. You

16:58

know, play limited. Fungi,

17:01

Ascendancy, Laser Scanning and other technologies.

17:03

The Captcha Digital Record presents a

17:06

generation and told me about that

17:08

on. the concern about this site

17:10

is be lazy scans As a

17:12

last see holes Nicole Persons who

17:15

stood a Phd so she's lays

17:17

a scam this and she's cool

17:19

every year and least scan the

17:22

whole thing So we got three.

17:24

The models of it were recording

17:26

with all the modern fertility drugs.

17:29

And overhead photography for

17:31

granted three saw worth

17:33

preserving. Were recording everything we

17:35

can and this season cause

17:37

be publicly available when we've

17:39

actually finished and. Will go as far

17:41

as who has. Need.

17:45

Technology like this means we can save

17:47

at least some of. This wonderful said.

17:51

Muddled, I heard a food on hospital.

17:53

Home. Maurice.

18:04

Rebels bolero is a pretty

18:06

weird a piece. Matt.

18:09

Stained Glass is the economist and

18:11

deputy editor. And

18:13

starts off with this is and Remember.

18:21

That with them. websites on the

18:23

snare drum up for the entire

18:25

duration of the Peace Hundred and

18:28

Sixty Nine ties there just to

18:30

melodies in the Peace Fair groups.

18:42

And those tools are repeated over

18:44

and over again. I'm being passed

18:46

around to different instruments in the

18:48

orchestra. The

18:50

peace is basically it sees. It

18:52

uses that repetition to build up

18:54

the expectation of the something big

18:56

happening, and then in the end,

18:58

it just explodes all those expectations.

19:02

It was originally the score to a

19:04

short ballet. It's danceable, a very touchy,

19:06

and it has a tendency to keep

19:08

running into listeners had long after the

19:11

peace ends. A.

19:20

New Friends biopics called Bolero tells the

19:22

story of Rebels struggles are composed of

19:25

peace and Nineteen Twenty Eight and it

19:27

employs a similar kind of repetition, one

19:29

of the most. Basic

19:32

assassination will. They are

19:34

funny conquerors. The director

19:36

and Fontaine keeps coming back over

19:39

and over to Rebels. fascination with

19:41

mechanical noise is tortured. sexuality is

19:43

habit of procrastination. That and his

19:45

long mental deterioration. He died in

19:48

Nineteen. Thirty seven have a brain

19:50

disease and some are all just

19:52

that. Brain disease may have been

19:54

a condition called frontotemporal dementia, which

19:57

is associated with obsessive repetition. Whether

20:04

the pieces a symptom of

20:06

neurological dysfunction or not, it's

20:08

one of the most performed

20:10

pieces around in the classical

20:12

repertoire. Royalties from performances and

20:14

recordings and film scores have

20:16

dogs up to something like

20:18

a hundred million dollars, but

20:20

the issue of gets all

20:22

that money as complicated Rebels

20:24

had no descendants and his

20:26

death is copyright pass to

20:28

his brother who got into

20:30

a car accidents married his

20:32

caretaker. See them less the

20:35

rights to her first husband. he

20:37

married his manicurist who had a

20:39

daughter from a previous marriage and

20:41

the copyrights to all of Rebels

20:43

works wound up belonging to that

20:45

daughter ever been. And customs and

20:48

French law the keys and to

20:50

the public domain and two thousand

20:52

and Sixteen But like the music

20:54

of for their whole the copyright

20:56

story never seems to and in

20:58

two thousand and eighteen Miss Pentecostals

21:00

sued Assess Them which is Francis

21:03

Musical. Copyright Agency. Arguing

21:05

that Valero was actually a

21:07

collaborative work along with the

21:09

set designer Alexander and Law

21:11

and the Choreographer Than Islam,

21:14

Undies, and Scar. That

21:16

would mean that the copyright

21:18

should and on the basis

21:20

of the death of the

21:22

last collaborator the choreographer he

21:25

die until nine. Hundred.

21:41

Miss. Contends movie starts off with Roselle

21:43

in the middle of a severe

21:46

case of writer's block. Either

21:48

Rubenstein, who is a flamboyant Russian

21:50

dancer in Paris in the nineteen

21:52

twenties, commissioned him to write a

21:54

ballet, And Nineteen Twenty eight. Southerners

21:57

of us has any. Any

22:00

good gonna push Sundance He agreed to

22:02

compose something that evoked his Basque Spanish

22:04

roots. but then he began procrastinating and

22:07

became obsessed by an emotional affair with

22:09

the wife of one of his patrons.

22:11

And another scene he takes eat a

22:13

Rubenstein who commissioned the Peace to a

22:16

Factory and says he said, do ballet

22:18

that's an ode to mechanical modernity, be

22:20

some machines and so forth as. She

22:28

loves his. Noises

22:31

and see me Spanish

22:33

and Asia. Valera

22:39

was immediately a huge hit. Arturo

22:41

Toscanini conducted a rendition with a

22:43

New York Philharmonic and Nineteen Thirty

22:46

that was massively popular. Rebel

22:51

said he played it much too fast

22:53

and to modern your it sounds that

22:55

way. In the seventies the movie Ten

22:58

came out and Nineteen Seventy Nine which

23:00

was a massive comedy hit. Bo Derek

23:02

plays a young Uns and knew who

23:04

insists some famous. On.

23:11

The credits at the end of Miss

23:13

Clinton's movie claim that bolero is played

23:15

by an orchestra somewhere in the world

23:17

several times in our. It's

23:19

also been me imagined by modern

23:22

artists, for example, the legendary Detroit's

23:24

Dj Carl Craig and Berlin's dubbed

23:26

techno originator More, It's On Oswald.

23:32

It. Is hardly surprising that Miss

23:34

Pentecostal wishes that all of his

23:36

performances were still earning her money

23:39

on the copyright agencies. Sam says

23:41

for suit is nonsense. The.

23:43

Set designer and the choreographer had

23:45

nothing to do with composing the

23:47

Peace, and she never claimed that

23:50

it was a collaborative work until

23:52

after the copyrights expires. At

23:55

them something about that repetitive

23:58

permanent quality of Polaris. The

24:01

hell he supposedly asked a friend while

24:03

he was causing it. Don't you think

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there's something trump's assistant that the melody

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and you might have found something fitting

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about the idea that it's story to

24:12

seems to keep on going on forever.

24:15

So. Neat,

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And. Sometimes personal stories from our

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our earliest That to say on facility and

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produce could cause class think he sees

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