0:13

or to the full sign of one of

0:15

the oldest and most as dramatic families

0:17

in the world had , so

0:19

many of his ancestors have craved

0:22

craved the ruling this

0:25

week will follow him to his coronation

0:27

and the sequence of eras that will leave

0:29

him back home in brunswick alone

0:32

and forgotten the

0:34

same time his nemesis the child

0:36

of puller impoverished fifteen

0:38

year old king of sicily and son of

0:40

am pro henry the six frederick

0:43

the second rises to the imho

0:45

crown no way some

0:47

very potent prayer before

0:50

we start just a reminder this

0:53

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have to do is sign up at dot com slash history of

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1:15

the find all the links and the show notes and

1:18

thanks a lot to son jay jason and chris

1:20

chris who've already signed up the

1:23

last week we saw philip of rabia grinding

1:25

towards ultimate victory against his arrival

1:27

for the imperial title the for

1:30

water and run out of

1:32

money in the sponsor kinda

1:34

on lackland cut off the floor subsidies

1:37

the endorsement by pope innocent the third also

1:40

proved to be worth a lot less than he had

1:42

hoped for and finally he

1:44

had managed to alienate his to most

1:46

important allies his brother henry

1:49

the count, palatinate on the rhine, and

1:51

artificial out of cologne what

1:54

are the fools had rejected the last very

1:56

generous offer from philip and

1:58

in the spring of 1208, the was

2:00

reading himself one last

2:03

battle the humbly to

2:05

go down in a blaze of glory the

2:08

attitude of rome was the infallible index

2:10

of the hopelessness of his cause pope

2:13

innocent a third of withdrawn his support from auto

2:16

he had released philip on the ban and

2:18

recognize him as king had offered crown

2:20

offered emperor for the come down to rome that

2:24

it not happen instead

2:26

a totally random event took place philip

2:29

was murdered by auto fun video snuff the

2:32

very encounter we had upset by canceling

2:34

a marriage alliance to

2:36

avoid any confusion this auto phone

2:38

videos boss is a different auto funded

2:40

us back to the man of the same name was

2:43

the greatest paladin an occasional

2:45

skinny dipping buddy of frederick

2:47

barbarossa that auto

2:50

good auto was by now dead his

2:52

son ludovic with the current

2:55

do purveyor murderous

2:57

auto was a cousin from another branch

2:59

of the it as a family

3:02

no that's probably enough genealogy

3:04

for this episode so let's go back

3:06

to the actual history the

3:09

phillips death the home stuff and party in

3:11

germany simply collapsed in

3:14

a terrible twist of fate the whole

3:16

of the family had died out without any

3:18

male descendants bob

3:20

ross had a stepbrother and a son

3:23

all of them were not dead the

3:26

exception of emperor henry the six that

3:29

all died without producing a male

3:31

heir that made

3:33

food in your frederick the son

3:35

of the super animated queen consists of sicily

3:38

and currently residing in castello a matter

3:41

in palermo the last remaining

3:43

mail hone stuff i

3:45

target of called themselves the last

3:47

of the house of by pulling and without

3:50

a natural rallying point the complex alliances

3:53

that philip had both and for a decade disappeared

3:55

overnight the computer princes

3:58

immediately joint auto the for camp

4:00

and auto the fourth just the safety states

4:03

repeat election in frankfurt in november twelfth

4:06

white where white where unanimously confirmed

4:08

as king of the romans and elected

4:10

roman emperor

4:12

phillips oldest daughter beatrice of here before

4:14

the new sovereign and demanded have father's

4:17

murderous to be caught and brought to justice

4:21

granted her this justice and highlights

4:23

from code and one of phillips most accomplished

4:25

and most terrifying warriors was

4:27

dispatched to hunt down auto fun

4:29

bit of both that he did cut

4:32

off his head and threw it in a river the

4:35

duke of iranian and his brother the bishop

4:37

of been back or also indicted

4:39

were able to keep their heads and other

4:41

important limbs probably because

4:44

they were actually innocent his

4:47

act of respect towards his wife of was followed

4:49

by need more meaningful political move

4:52

what are the fourth brokers engagement to murray

4:54

of brabant and instead married

4:56

his rivals daughter that same beatrice

4:59

luckily for him the father the

5:02

duke of brabant was a little less prickly

5:04

than auto phone video stuff and refrain

5:06

from cutting the king throat there

5:10

are many pacify the next natural step is for

5:12

auto to head down to italy things

5:14

have changed a lot since the days of henry the six

5:17

the piece of constants between the empire

5:19

the number league is no more lama

5:22

league has broken down during the struggle for

5:24

the impure crown the

5:27

old rivalries between milan and cremona

5:30

milan and previous and heavier

5:32

and dog imo and bag imo and brescia

5:34

and parma and balon yeah bologna

5:37

and fully have returned no

5:40

tax have been sent to either king

5:43

but the biggest change happen and what we now call

5:46

the papal states the

5:48

pope's you may remember had return to rome and eleven

5:50

eighty eight after years in exile

5:53

as guess of the commune of their owner

5:57

that have been achieved through a deal the pope's

5:59

had strike with the senate of the holy

6:01

city have by now taken over full

6:04

temporal control the

6:06

land the papacy laid claim to on the back

6:08

of the fake donation of constantine such

6:11

as to company around drum the mark

6:13

of on kona the duchy of spoleto

6:15

the area around ravenna and the media

6:17

romania when the hands of i the

6:19

local laws communes

6:22

or in peel vessels so

6:24

for instance the duchess polito was held by

6:26

connaught for all sling and the fabian

6:28

noblemen had come down to italy with henry the

6:30

six and had received the duchy

6:32

as his national the letter

6:34

was considered so safe for the appeal party

6:37

the dampers constance left her precious

6:39

son frederick with conrad family in full

6:41

in yeah no rather than take him down

6:44

to sicily which she conceived to be

6:46

much more dangerous my

6:48

daughter the for comes down ten years later all

6:51

of these territories have been seized

6:53

by the papacy obe innocent

6:55

a third of swept in right after

6:57

henry the six death and had pushed

6:59

out the impugn administration he

7:02

called it the recuperation

7:04

of the patrimonial patriot these

7:07

plans now for the wedge straight

7:09

across italian peninsula south

7:12

of it was the kingdom of sicily, a papal

7:14

fief ruled by a paper young

7:17

frederick and north lombardy

7:20

or empty imperial was strong, at

7:22

least in part a unified

7:24

italy and a the paper control with distinct

7:27

possibility innocent

7:30

zombie 38, when he was elected, pope in

7:32

1198 and the the years since had

7:34

become the true ruler of europe, it

7:37

wasn't just the empire that was written with this

7:39

code in sicily, various factions

7:42

fought over the kingdom has child king

7:44

frederick looked on in england

7:46

drawn lackland had lost normandy and own router

7:48

king philip august of france and subsequent

7:50

he presided over a much more fragile country

7:53

than his brother and father the

7:55

only really powerful monarchist philip august

7:58

that he had a major marital true that

8:00

forced him to seek paper favor

8:03

the prefer to use these weaknesses

8:05

the tightness rain on the bishops and abbott's

8:08

to expand the judicial responsibilities

8:10

of papal legate the channel more

8:12

and more of church and come to room the

8:15

innocent the third who had called the fateful fourth

8:18

crusade the one that went off

8:20

the rails that it ended up with the crusaders

8:22

breaking into constantinople second

8:24

the greatest christian city in the world and

8:26

installing a latin and prime patriarch this

8:30

it referred to see him as the bedroom

8:33

imparato the true and pro he

8:36

favorite image was that of the sun and the moon

8:38

the papacy with the son the empress

8:41

and kings were the moon received

8:43

all their light from the sun april

8:46

power as a me a reflection of the might

8:48

have the vicar of christ on

8:52

and for him or to the for simpli

8:54

a tool a physically powerful

8:56

man with modest intellectual capacity seemed

8:59

an ideal sort of the church as

9:02

he needed paypal support in a struggled with philip

9:04

of swabia auto had given

9:06

in to all of innocence demands

9:09

and that included a big step away from the conquered

9:11

or warm it should be free

9:14

episcopal elections without any interference

9:16

from the emperor there's , recognition

9:18

of sicily as a papal fief assurance

9:21

that he would never attack sicily and incorporate

9:23

into the empire the right of

9:26

the pope to scrutinise any imperial

9:28

election including the right that

9:30

the elected king of the romans and

9:33

finally full recognition of

9:35

paper right to then wedge of land

9:37

across italian peninsula the

9:39

patrimonial petri promise

9:42

all this before and he promised it again to

9:45

gain his all important carnation that

9:48

innocent the third performed on oct four

9:50

twelve or nine in st peter as

9:53

as good and proper and

9:55

as usual there's a bit of brawling and some romans

9:57

lay dead by now the city

9:59

rome is not a place a holy roman emperor

10:02

can stay the for the coronation

10:04

or to the for that made camp on one tomato

10:07

outside the city walls right

10:09

after he retires to a more defensive

10:11

position in the countryside then

10:14

he does would every self respecting and probe

10:16

would do in his position now that

10:18

the octagonal crown safety on his head

10:20

in the second oil had dried he

10:23

writes to the pope and says well

10:25

maybe we should meet up and discuss

10:27

some of the details of our agreement maybe

10:30

we can talk about the lands of matilda

10:32

are the duchy of spoleto i

10:34

i just have a few questions and

10:37

i'm sorry i will not be able to meet you in

10:39

person and rome because most cities

10:41

bit too dangerous for me so

10:43

why don't you come up to my camp and

10:46

and we have a nice chat and my tent

10:49

surprise surprise innocent the third shows no

10:51

interest to sit down and ten surrounded

10:53

by six thousand ahmed men you

10:56

suggest conducting negotiations maya

10:58

and voice

10:59

negotiations

11:02

begin my sort of the fourth wanders

11:04

around tuscany in spoleto issue

11:06

charters for local laws monasteries

11:08

ambitious as if it was it was

11:12

in march twelve ten is in ravenna sarah

11:14

slap bang in the patrimony petri

11:17

still acting as if he owns the place listen

11:21

to third of getting nervous the

11:23

guy going back home what is he up to

11:26

bit of impure play acting is okay

11:29

as long as doesn't take it too seriously the

11:32

is tracking on a bit what brings

11:34

about a peace agreement between genuine pizza

11:37

making another set of alarm bells ring meanwhile

11:41

in southern italy the barons on the mainland

11:43

in a pool yeah calabria during

11:46

this talk of getting rid of young frederick

11:49

and bring in auto the fourth some

11:51

of these parents were germans had come down with henry

11:54

the six and they firmly believed that

11:56

the king newest sicily should be part of the

11:58

empire the the know brought

12:00

to the fourth stays in pisa the

12:02

rebellious sicilian barents sea came

12:04

out then invite him to take

12:06

the kingdom the pieces

12:08

promised to help and provide shipping to cross

12:11

over to the island

12:13

that goes on and not as mind with never know

12:15

but it may have gone along the following lines obe

12:19

innocent a third may appear all powerful

12:21

but quite frankly his excommunication

12:23

of philip had little to no effect

12:27

so if he auto goes to sicily

12:29

and the pop goes ballistic this

12:32

might not be such a big deal on

12:34

the other hand the last of their own stuff

12:36

and sits in his palace in palermo if

12:40

is still a boy this graph of

12:42

power in sicily week the

12:44

had once been the elected king of the

12:46

romans the you could still

12:48

be a challenge that's

12:50

a to stamp out this my per for

12:53

it comes to bite you the

12:55

man of modest intellect

12:57

the letter thing

13:00

that's not a make preparations for tip down

13:02

south innocent the third makes his preparations

13:05

to bring down his former champion first

13:08

he writes a letter to the german bishops not

13:11

yet excommunicating lot of the fourth but

13:14

he left the bishops know that they are automatically

13:17

released from any oath of fealty to the

13:19

emperor once the formally

13:21

excommunicates him the

13:23

does not yet a call of action the bishops

13:26

understood right away author

13:28

went talking to the land grabs makarov

13:31

dukes another impure princess seeding

13:33

sedition the next

13:35

one on innocence christmas card list is

13:38

king philip august of france they're

13:41

innocent results to rather uncharacteristic

13:44

groveling he regrets

13:46

yet not seen to the duplicitous nature

13:48

of the wealth something the wise

13:50

king had so easily done and

13:53

then he skillfully evolve into the latter

13:55

a few remarks that auto had made for

13:58

instance that he could not sleep as long the king

14:00

of france still occupied lands the

14:02

rightfully belong to his beloved uncle

14:04

king john of england again

14:07

no call to action a subtle

14:09

encouragement get in touch with

14:11

a german princess the

14:14

autumn of twelve ten the conflict makes

14:16

out into the open auto

14:18

have by now recruited a sizable army

14:21

from german and long but allies and

14:23

began his march down south the

14:25

southern italian rebels joined him at the border

14:28

of a pouliot

14:30

no sooner got us army sets out on it's

14:32

quest the pope issued the former

14:34

next communication and the carefully

14:36

set machinery of rebellion in germany

14:39

was put into forward gear photo

14:43

at this point

14:44

the does not care that much

14:46

hostilities resume in the spring of twelve

14:48

eleven and auto cut so the resistance

14:51

of the boy king of sicily like through butter

14:54

but the summer he's near the straits of

14:56

messina had separate sicily

14:58

and the mainland waiting for the peace

15:00

and fleet that is supposed to take him

15:02

across frederick position

15:04

is utterly hopeless hold

15:07

on the sicilian kingdom had always been ten

15:09

years but now it is slipping out

15:11

of his hands almost all the

15:13

feudal lords siding with the emperor the

15:16

to sizable muslim population in central

15:18

sicily to class for auto the

15:20

kingdom has shrunk to know more than the royal

15:22

palaces of palermo the

15:25

galley standing ready to take frederick

15:27

across to africa the the inevitable

15:29

take place

15:32

that isn't the first and buy some counting

15:34

the second miracle of fredericks life occurs

15:37

the medical was of course his actual existence

15:40

born as he was from a super and waited

15:43

and perennially baron mother two

15:46

daughters about embark on the last like of

15:48

his conquests messengers some

15:50

from germany others from is alive city of milan

15:53

tell him the impure princes i'm meeting

15:56

and revolt in the air they

15:58

tell him to return a sauce you can

16:00

and to nip it in the bud that

16:02

same night auto dreams of a backup

16:05

joining him in the appeal bed the

16:07

bear grew and grew until it have

16:09

become the largest and the mightiest bab

16:12

seen a bear that took

16:14

up so much space it pushed him auto

16:16

office couch what

16:19

are the fourth and shaken to the marrow and

16:21

terrified of losing his hard one

16:23

imperial crown abundances pray

16:26

the long legged well strikes camp

16:28

and runs runs is it that bear he

16:30

had dreamt of was chasing them back across

16:32

the aisle

16:34

so often in history one man's miracle

16:36

just another one's panic

16:38

the water have thought about his dream calmly

16:40

and rationally

16:42

you should have put forward

16:43

and killed the backup before it grows

16:46

sicily , his potential rival for the impure

16:49

crown the right in his grasp

16:52

capturing him the broad the

16:54

whole rebellion come crashing down

16:57

that he didn't that was

16:59

saved and more than that just

17:01

as the imperial army vanished in a cloud of dust

17:04

and envoy from germany and them

17:06

from using and arrived in palermo

17:08

he bore the news

17:10

that the german princes had met in september

17:12

known back and opposed to the

17:14

fourth and elected none other than him young

17:17

frederick last of the how surviving

17:19

and to become king of the romans

17:22

than just a frederick had turned from

17:25

being in the a refugee in africa

17:27

to be elected and prof the romans

17:30

and leadoff christianity the

17:33

title grand as it was was still theoretical

17:35

though to make it really

17:37

need to be crowned crowned by

17:40

as we know the archbishop of color

17:43

often the the true impure regalia

17:47

the get there

17:48

you will have to travel two thousand three hundred kilometers

17:51

he will need to find allies along the way

17:53

i thought his friends were tried to stop him the

17:56

notoriously treacherous german princess

17:59

must still beyond side when he gets there

18:01

for the plan to work out and

18:03

he is a seventeen year old who'd never

18:05

been to germany doesn't speak the language

18:08

doesn't know the ins and outs of the fiendishly

18:10

complicated political landscape of the empire

18:13

the wonder if council strongly discouraged

18:16

is him to go his wife

18:18

constants of aragon who had just born him

18:20

his first son object even

18:22

more vehemently how is she

18:24

supposed to keep sicily together on the baby's

18:26

behalf when frederick himself could

18:28

barely keep it going what

18:30

happens if the pope changes his mind about

18:32

making a king of sicily emperor bring

18:35

back that dreaded in sacramento the papacy

18:38

they debated news arrive from germany

18:41

and some of the princess who in september elected

18:43

frederick the now coming back to auto no

18:45

doubt learn by some juicy bribe

18:48

another reason to stay

18:51

in reality frederick it on have a choice

18:54

the events of last year's have shown that if a powerful

18:57

and probably it auto anyone else comes

18:59

down to sicily his kingdom would

19:01

fall he needed to become

19:03

empress a former defense position to protect

19:06

sicily probably the most

19:08

extended forward defense position and european

19:10

history he

19:12

would later claim that he went because his elevation

19:15

was a sign of god that he the last

19:17

to send another great impressive old had survived

19:20

the rights an acceptance letter to the german

19:22

prince is as follows since

19:25

no other could be found that accepted

19:27

the prophet dignity in opposition to ask and

19:30

to our right and since offenses

19:32

have summoned us and since from their own

19:34

choice the crown is

19:36

ours frederick

19:39

sets often as grand adventure in the middle

19:41

of march twelve twelve one

19:44

request of the pope he had a son highness

19:46

crowned king before his departure progress

19:50

stalled already in guy to

19:52

south of rome as appease and fleet

19:55

is lying in wait for him after

19:57

a month he finally mencius to post

19:59

the room the meat for the first

20:02

and the only time he's got him the

20:04

pope innocent the third he says

20:06

fealty to him for the sicilian kingdom

20:08

and

20:09

go to the fourth before makes all

20:12

the assurances the papacy could possibly

20:14

demand

20:15

innocent cover the costs of

20:17

the impecunious monarch stay in the holy city

20:20

gets in the funds to continues

20:22

journey the january's

20:25

perennial rivals of the peons a

20:27

happy to take the boy further north

20:29

to lombardi we just a

20:31

few friends and a january's escort he

20:33

follows a circuitous route to bavetta

20:36

avoiding the cities and castles held out

20:38

his allies the eternally

20:41

loyal city of previous prepare to

20:43

take the last of the give leans further

20:45

on his journey the next day's

20:47

post is cremona and that means

20:49

crossing the hostile territory of piacenza

20:52

milan frederick moved

20:54

east news of his movements reached his number

20:56

of enemies the million he

20:59

is ready them mighty cari auto and

21:01

send it down to the river lambro the

21:03

spice of told them that the pervades

21:05

our planning to hand the boy king over to the

21:07

men of cremona the

21:09

agenda meanwhile searched all the ships

21:11

going up the poll river expecting to

21:13

find frederick hiding amongst the sex

21:15

a wheat or bands of cloth gabi

21:18

the set out in the middle of the night taken

21:21

their host as quietly and as safely

21:23

as possible the twenty five kilometers

21:26

to the river crossing meanwhile

21:28

the kremlin he had out for that same spot

21:31

there's don't break the to contingents rendezvous

21:33

as planned they sit down

21:36

for well own farewell breakfast the

21:38

banner of milan appear on the horizon

21:41

in a split second decision frederick

21:43

where i know more than his pants and a shirt jumps

21:46

on a horse and ride back across the river

21:48

into the waiting on so the kremlin nice the

21:51

behind him the faithful per visit a

21:53

being slaughtered that

21:56

frederick saw a marathon number three what's

21:59

villainy story for decades about

22:01

how they got the empress pan sweat yeah

22:05

there's no stopping him from cremona

22:07

he goes to month while then verona he

22:10

tries to get across the brenna past but that is

22:12

bought bought us allies so

22:14

he goes and small mountain pass

22:16

across bleak landscape into the angering

22:19

in early september he's in cool

22:22

the bishop a cool itself part of fredericks ancestral

22:25

dutch your savior the company's

22:27

him to send gallon the habit

22:29

of this grade monastery joints him to the

22:33

long as root frederick may have witnessed one of

22:35

the most heartbreaking scenes of the entire middle

22:37

ages so call children's

22:39

crusade these

22:41

two twelve twelve in cologne a young

22:43

man nicholas declared an angel

22:46

had appeared to him and for told him that

22:48

if he led an army of innocence south

22:50

would be able to free jerusalem from

22:53

the saracens the lord

22:55

of papa see and they could get to palestine

22:57

on foot thousands

22:59

of most the adolescents and young adults joined

23:02

this effort they set off from

23:04

cologne and got to the brenna via to inspire

23:07

at the time the had reached lombardi most

23:10

had already died or given up the

23:12

reached gen our via cremona on august

23:14

twelve twelve

23:16

their surprise surprise the see

23:18

did not part

23:20

that point most but to exhausted

23:23

hungry and poor to continue if

23:26

you returned home some settling

23:28

in italy and some was

23:30

sold into slavery

23:32

the frederick traveling the opposite direction

23:34

the next destination as constance a

23:37

bishop ricans fabian crucial to his

23:39

claim on phillips old power base

23:42

after the fourth meanwhile had consolidate

23:44

his position had come down to lake

23:46

constance to intercept his rival auto

23:50

come to new building and amir twelve

23:52

kilometers from the episcopal seat the

23:55

and pride negotiated his entry into constance

23:57

with the bishop and great festivities

23:59

for being

23:59

prepared

24:01

the servants were in town laying the tables

24:03

and is cooks we're putting the huge rouse

24:05

into the even bigger ovens and

24:07

frederick and his merry band of here before

24:09

the gates of the city the

24:12

bishop with made to come to the battlements and poly

24:14

with the young contender frederick

24:17

demanded entry is duke of fabian s

24:19

elected king of the romans the

24:21

archbishop are out of barry when

24:23

a fredericks closest advisors also

24:26

the papal legate hard

24:28

on into the fourth being excommunicated

24:31

and to post by order of both a princess

24:33

and the pope after

24:36

come back and forth the bishop relented frederick

24:39

entered the city photo

24:41

was kept out lacking a full

24:43

army retreated frederick

24:46

in his man eight all the delicious food

24:48

and celebrated the whole staff

24:50

and we're back had he been

24:52

three hours later alter the fourth would have been

24:54

inside constant and the journey of the

24:56

young king of sicily would have ended right

24:58

there that was

25:01

no conan before

25:02

reddick

25:04

support quickly grew as he progressed to basel

25:07

and then further two hours off like

25:10

his uncle the support did not

25:12

come cheap what account

25:14

bohemia came and swore allegiance

25:16

on condition that it would be consumption

25:18

of for the third time in his was

25:21

title the time he

25:23

got even more than just a person or all title

25:26

splendid golden ball autocar was

25:28

granted and inheritable bohemian

25:30

kingdom well as free investor

25:33

of his bishops relief from serving

25:35

an impure campaigns and some generous

25:37

feet from the home stuff land document

25:40

was produced by sicilia note rape and

25:43

the seat attached was are all seat of

25:45

sicily the guess neither

25:47

the young elected and prof the romans notice

25:49

notary have the faintest idea i

25:51

bohemia was and what he

25:53

just handed over that

25:56

of frederick's generosity spread rapidly

25:59

and the user coats swell the ranks

26:01

of the home stuff loyalists

26:04

or old friend most unreliable

26:06

ally ham on lunch gravel surrender

26:08

popped up in the get billie intent the

26:11

dukes of lottery and yet searing in bavaria

26:13

joint as did the

26:15

archbishop of mine's who after

26:17

all have been put on his episcopal seat

26:20

bow to the fourth himself but

26:22

now so more value in the young stuff

26:24

a prince one of them would benefit

26:26

but none more than the duke of bavaria who

26:29

had gained the peloton it when autos brother

26:31

henry died without an heir in

26:33

the production of in bavaria i would remain individual

26:36

spa family until nineteen eighteen

26:39

philip ago said pull the strings in the background

26:41

sent elected emperor a generous donation

26:43

of twenty thousand mark of silver the

26:46

french and voice asked where to deposit this

26:48

huge some frederick said what

26:50

you mean this money go straight

26:52

out to my supporters no

26:55

surprise he was popular people

26:57

started calling him the poor a pool yeah

27:00

the child of puja the young and

27:02

innocent man a true night a descendant

27:04

of empress set against the grass

27:07

battle hardened or the fourth november

27:10

twelve twelve the prince's elect him king

27:12

of the romans now for the third

27:15

time what is later

27:17

he was crowned king or not and the right

27:19

place but in the cathedral of mines

27:21

and , by the right archbishop by

27:24

the outfit of of minds again and

27:26

with sake impure regalia you

27:29

know what i mean that means

27:31

the war isn't over yet we

27:34

quickly reverting to the political situation

27:36

of eleven idea to travel it frederick

27:39

hold southern germany with the centers of

27:41

power in the home stuff lands order

27:44

the fourth holes assembly states in saxony

27:46

as allies in the law right the

27:49

most important ally is the king of england

27:52

don't lack lamp king

27:54

john had lost the heart of the end

27:57

of an empire normandy and origin

28:00

the following ten years john spend gathering

28:02

money and weapons with a single aim to

28:05

get back and

28:07

part of his plan was relying on the support

28:09

of what to the fourth when

28:11

he rekindle that a line sort of the fourth have

28:13

been the undisputed rudolph the empire

28:15

enhance are usually important ally

28:18

frederick never been born to been routed

28:20

in sicily and twelve eleven had he drowned

28:23

in the river lambro or miss the entrance

28:25

into constance by three hours this

28:28

history would have taken a very different tone

28:31

because now or to the fourth could

28:33

not provide anywhere near the kind of held

28:35

on lackland had hoped for

28:38

the beginning of twelve fourteen john lackland

28:40

thought he was ready he

28:42

could no longer wait for his allied to succeed

28:45

in germany the great

28:47

campaign against phillip august of france

28:49

had to begin it's hard

28:52

was a two pronged approach they

28:54

don't want to attack from the southwest luring

28:57

philip august away from the competion heartlands

28:59

around paris auto

29:01

for then lead a combined force a saxon

29:03

brabham flanders an english forces in

29:06

from the northeast take the of the

29:08

france and cut the french king or from supplies

29:11

on paper a very solid plan

29:14

and john landed in la rochelle but

29:16

his campaign ended quickly rather

29:18

embarrassingly philip ago sent

29:21

him back onto his boats then turned

29:23

around to face the other invading army

29:25

in the north that was certainly

29:27

a setback for the anglo well for lines but

29:30

it was partially offset by frederick failure to

29:32

distract or to the fourth on the lower right

29:35

or now depended on the outcome in

29:37

the northeast

29:39

the two armies met at the bridge of moving

29:41

between little and to name wrote

29:44

to be estimated at philips army consisted

29:46

of about thirteen hundred knights the same

29:49

number of mounted fighters and six thousand

29:51

foot soldiers

29:52

what us army was larger not by a wide

29:54

margin but somewhat larger

29:57

they saw me comprise predominantly of

29:59

men from the

29:59

no domain from the riffraff the outlined

30:02

the picardy

30:03

water forces were importing list or

30:06

in the majority from saxony flanders

30:08

brabant and holland philip

30:10

lined his army up in the traditional french

30:12

manner

30:13

in the middle where the army infantry man

30:15

with a cavalry on either side

30:18

behind infantry stood the king himself

30:20

with his household nights and the reserve

30:23

cavalry the most the king

30:25

flu the audi from the blood

30:27

red sacred war banner shot

30:29

through with golden stars confirming

30:31

the presence of sand any patron

30:33

saint of the french monarchy what

30:37

is army was mirroring the french side

30:40

the left flank the knights from flanders in germany

30:42

on the right flank the english nights and a william

30:44

assaults great called a long sought

30:46

the half brother of king john

30:49

what are the fourth took the center the sex

30:51

nights and the foot soldiers lined

30:54

up before him

30:56

what are the for that also brought a highly symbolic

30:58

battle standard not , holy

31:00

land says it had been wielded by the italians

31:03

not a golden imperial eagle

31:05

raised on a staff the symbolize

31:07

the honor in perry the honor

31:10

of the empire below

31:12

through the anglo norman search dragon symbolizing

31:14

unity of normandy the doc dragon

31:17

and the white and red dragons of britain the

31:20

to monarchs on the battlefield the key objective

31:22

on either side was to capture the leader of

31:24

the other and his battle standard

31:28

auto made the first move that

31:30

experience and miracle is superior foot

31:32

soldiers into the french center

31:34

that move nearly

31:36

decided the battle very early on lightly

31:39

armored man got all the way to king philip

31:41

august and pulled him off his horse and

31:43

started hacking at his alma looking for

31:45

the weakness that the deckers could penetrate

31:48

only by a hair's breadth did his bodyguard

31:51

get him out that

31:53

gave the french side new momentum the

31:55

push back the imperial infantry and started moving

31:58

towards the golden eagle

32:00

what are the fourth and it's sex nights pushed back

32:02

and finally fighting began between the knights

32:05

was a simple soldiers were trampled under

32:07

the horses' hooves as it

32:09

was customer the french

32:12

niger and it's we got close enough to

32:14

drive his dagger into autos chest armor

32:16

the arma deflected the blow but on the second

32:19

attempt jr hit the empress horse

32:21

in the eye the horse rose i've

32:23

been pain and auto fell to the ground what

32:26

was pulled out of the million mounted

32:28

a fresh source another french night

32:30

voltage about grabbed him by the neck twice

32:33

but failed to take the emperor down that

32:35

point or to the fourth lost his nerve

32:38

and fled the

32:40

leader gone the back of the army surrendered

32:42

only the counter billowing under seven hundred

32:44

messages from brabant the much feared

32:47

robin zone is held out until almost

32:49

all of them they dad

32:51

i'm not america

32:53

the medieval battle

32:55

this battle decided so much of european

32:58

history the

33:00

enjoyment empire shrunk to just accutane

33:03

competion kings began calling themselves the kings

33:06

of france no , just

33:08

a king of the franks as they had been

33:10

before because now they

33:12

did have possession of northern and central

33:14

france indoor

33:17

lackland return to england empty handed

33:19

out having squeeze the last dime

33:21

out of his mans in the hope of regaining the

33:23

riches of france his ,

33:26

could not take it any longer and forced

33:28

him to sign a list of concessions to

33:30

document we now know as magna

33:32

carta and

33:34

i thought of the fourth as impure dream had collapsed

33:37

he would hold out and brunswick until twelve

33:39

eighteen friendless and largely forgotten

33:43

laughter is truly gruesome death his nephew

33:45

auto the child would be raised to

33:47

be duke of brunswick and the house of

33:49

wealth would receipt from the global stage

33:52

until , one seventeen fourteen

33:55

fourteen george duke of brunswick

33:57

luna book and elector of hanover the

33:59

senate the scroll the family

34:02

still reigns that

34:05

a second the other great winner

34:07

of the battle without having shot a singularity

34:11

the was finally crowned properly in

34:13

often the right place by the right

34:15

archbishop the archbishop of cologne and

34:18

with the real impure regalia

34:20

all that and twelve fifteen and

34:23

as we know once that has happened

34:25

the civil war is usually over next

34:29

week we'll go back in time and talk about frederich

34:31

the seconds early years his mindset

34:33

and outlook and the role of his guardian pope

34:36

innocent the third i hope

34:38

you'll join us again before

34:40

i go let me think all of us supporting

34:42

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34:45

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34:47

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34:49

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