1) One of the persistent laments of analysts focusing on the Kazakhstan postsecondary education system is the absence of consistent, and, in some cases, reliable data for comparing institutions, on the one hand, and, on the other, for generating a reliable summary of the postsecondary education system as a whole.

2) This seminar explores the narratives of Pamiri men and women who were in primary and secondary school during the brutal conflict that divided the country in the wake of its independence.