0:00

ABC Wednesdays.

0:02

Celebrity Jeopardy is back. Damn!

0:04

Look at it! Hosted by me, Ken Jennings.

0:07

Yeah! A new season of powerhouse

0:09

celebrities compete. Go bigger, go

0:11

home. To win one million dollars for

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charity. When celebrities take the Jeopardy

0:16

stage, anything can happen. Bad

0:18

it all! What is zombies? What is arctic?

0:20

What is the incorrect answer to this question?

0:23

Celebrity Jeopardy in primetime.

0:26

Wednesdays on ABC and stream on Hulu.

0:39

Hey everyone, it's Chris. Thanks

0:42

for your patience during the longer than expected

0:44

gap between new episodes. It

0:46

was certainly not my intention, but as I

0:48

seem to repeatedly learn, every time

0:50

I think I have a plan in place, it falls

0:52

apart. You're probably familiar with that feeling too.

0:55

But I promise, new episodes of Legends

0:58

of the Old West and Infamous America are

1:00

on their way.

1:01

If you're listening to this shortly after it's released,

1:04

new series on both podcasts will begin

1:06

Wednesday, October 4th. In

1:08

the meantime, I have something here to help fill

1:10

the void. The reason the schedule

1:13

has been so crazy is that I've been working

1:15

overtime on our new podcast, Mission

1:17

History. You may have heard the trailer

1:19

back in April and seen some of our social

1:22

media posts. Well, it's finally here. It's

1:25

a military history podcast in partnership

1:27

with our friends at QCode Media. And

1:30

season one is the in-depth story

1:32

of the American Revolutionary War, proudly

1:34

presented by the historic Camden

1:37

Foundation in Camden, South Carolina. You'll

1:40

hear all the famous names and events

1:42

and battles,

1:43

but you'll also hear a lot of stuff you've probably

1:45

never heard before. If you're an American

1:48

listener, your history textbooks in

1:50

school probably skipped a ton of information

1:52

about the campaign. About the campaign in the southern

1:54

colonies in the second half of the war.

1:57

That campaign changed the course

1:59

of the war. war for the Americans. And

2:01

you almost certainly didn't hear about the men on

2:04

the British side who became some of the elite

2:06

soldiers of the British Army. They

2:08

were the Scottish Highlanders of the

2:11

71st Regiment of Foot, also known

2:13

as Fraser's Highlanders. You'll

2:15

hear some of their stories, as well as their

2:18

own words, just like you'll hear the words

2:20

of the officers and privates on the American

2:22

side. Episodes 1 and 2

2:25

of Mission History are available right now.

2:27

We did a double launch and released the first

2:29

two episodes at once. Search for

2:31

Mission History in whichever podcast

2:34

player you're using right now. And

2:36

if you want a preview, stay right here. I've

2:38

pulled about 15 minutes of highlights

2:40

from the first four episodes of the series.

2:43

The full series will be 10 episodes, and

2:45

the first eight will be the story of the war.

2:48

You'll hear slices of episodes 1 and 2 at

2:51

the beginning of the preview, and toward

2:53

the end, you'll be the first to hear little

2:55

tastes of episodes 3 and 4. I

2:58

hope you enjoy the preview, and I hope you give

3:00

Mission History a shot on your favorite podcast

3:02

player. Thanks. That

3:11

day, a wig-maker's apprentice walked

3:14

past a British Century Post outside

3:16

the customs house on King Street. There

3:19

was one lone soldier manning

3:21

the station, and the apprentice shouted

3:24

at the soldier because an officer had not

3:26

paid a bill to the apprentice's employer.

3:29

The soldier and the apprentice got into a heated

3:31

argument, and the soldier hit the

3:33

apprentice with his musket. Word

3:36

of the altercation raced through the streets of

3:38

Boston. Irate citizens

3:40

rushed to the scene and quickly outnumbered

3:42

the isolated soldier. The

3:45

soldier called for reinforcements. As

3:47

the sun set and the temperature dropped, seven

3:50

soldiers and their captain rushed to the

3:52

aid of the stranded century. There

3:55

were now nine soldiers total, but

3:57

they faced a crowd that grew by the minute.

4:02

Bells clanged throughout the city and

4:04

people hurried toward the site of the disturbance.

4:06

The crowd grew to 300 people or

4:09

more and they shouted obscenities at

4:11

the soldiers. They pelted

4:13

the soldiers with rocks and snowballs, some

4:16

of which allegedly contained cores of ice.

4:22

The soldiers loaded their weapons in a display

4:24

that was meant to subdue the escalating

4:26

fervor of the mob. It had

4:28

the opposite effect. The crowd

4:30

raised the volume of its jeers and shouts

4:33

and then someone threw something like a

4:35

stick that hit one of the soldiers and

4:38

knocked him to the ground. The

4:40

scene turned to chaos with screaming

4:42

and yelling and objects flying toward

4:45

the soldiers and at some point one

4:47

of the soldiers fired his musket. The

4:50

ball struck a former slave

4:52

named Crispus Attix and he fell

4:54

dead to the ground.

4:55

The other soldiers fired and the fuselage

4:58

slammed into the crowd. Five

5:00

men fell dead and six more staggered

5:03

with injuries. The captain shouted

5:05

for his men to cease fire and

5:08

in the silence that followed, the gravity

5:10

of the moment sank in. For

5:12

the first time, British soldiers had

5:15

fired on colonial civilians. Long

5:18

afterward, one of America's founding fathers,

5:20

John Adams, reflected on the event

5:22

and said, On that night, the

5:25

foundation of American independence

5:27

was laid.

5:37

Paul Revere and William Dawes rode

5:39

through the night, alerting homesteads

5:41

in villages of the coming troops. Companies

5:44

of colonial militiamen grabbed their guns

5:47

and rushed to their town squares or village

5:49

greens. These early colonial

5:51

fighters were nicknamed the Minutemen

5:54

for their willingness to be ready to move with

5:56

little notice at a minute's warning,

5:58

as they said. it now.

6:01

At about 5 a.m., the British

6:03

soldiers approached Lexington wearing their

6:06

iconic red coats. The

6:08

small town was on the road to Concord and

6:10

on a common area called Lexington Green,

6:13

stood 70 to 80 colonial militiamen

6:16

and their captain John Parker. The

6:18

militiamen blocked the road, but they

6:21

were badly outnumbered. When

6:23

the first British soldiers rushed forward, Parker

6:26

ordered the colonial militiamen to disperse,

6:28

and in those first tense moments,

6:31

someone fired a shot. To

6:35

this day, no one knows if it was fired

6:37

by a militiamen or a British soldier, but

6:39

the British responded with a volley of musket

6:41

fire that tore into the meager American

6:44

force. Seven militiamen

6:46

died on Lexington Green and another

6:49

died later of his wounds. The

6:51

colonials scattered, but that

6:53

was just the beginning of a very long

6:55

day for the British. Earlier

7:02

in the spring, Congress had appointed

7:04

Major General Charles Lee, commander

7:06

of the Southern Department, and sent him from

7:08

New York to Charleston, South Carolina.

7:12

As a city with a prominent port, Charleston

7:14

was one of the keys to the South, and

7:17

the key to protecting Charleston was protecting

7:19

the fort on Sullivan's Island. Colonel

7:22

William Moultrie was in charge of reinforcing the

7:24

fort, and he manned the

7:26

garrison with a little more than 400 men. Behind

7:30

them, in Charleston, General

7:32

Lee waited with more than 6,000 troops. The

7:36

battle that day ended up being a cannon duel.

7:40

The British fleet shelled the colonial

7:42

fort with an earth-shaking bombardment.

7:45

For 11 hours, Colonel Moultrie

7:47

and his men withstood the pounding from the

7:49

British cannons. The cannonballs

7:52

did little damage to the fort because

7:54

it had been reinforced with logs from

7:56

local Palmetto trees. The

7:58

Palmetto walls were and the lining of sand

8:01

between them absorbed the cannonballs

8:03

without shattering. Meanwhile,

8:06

the colonial cannons blasted the British

8:08

fleet and did severe damage.

8:11

The waterways around Sullivan's Island were

8:14

deceptively treacherous, and beyond

8:16

them there were swamps and sandbars.

8:19

When British ground troops couldn't gain a foothold

8:22

on the island, General Clinton called

8:24

off the attack. The

8:27

British retreated, and the first battle

8:29

between the British and the American colonists

8:31

in the South was a colonial victory.

8:34

It would be one to savor, because it wouldn't

8:36

happen again for a long time. Around

8:47

New York, neither commander had the

8:50

desire to move into a full-scale

8:52

battle, so British General Henry

8:54

Clinton put his plan for a southern campaign

8:56

into motion. Clinton

8:59

himself had failed to capture the port

9:01

city of Charleston, South Carolina, two

9:03

years earlier. So now he turned

9:05

his attention to another deep-water

9:07

port, Savannah, Georgia. Clinton

9:11

ordered Lieutenant Colonel Archibald Campbell

9:13

to lead the expedition. Campbell

9:16

was a battalion commander of the 71st

9:18

Regiment of Foot, Fraser's Highlanders.

9:21

Campbell assembled a force of 3,000 soldiers

9:24

and set sail in late November. They

9:27

arrived on the Georgia coast on December 23,

9:29

1778, and within six days they captured Savannah. The

9:35

Highlanders led the assault and were supported

9:38

by Hessians and provincial regiments

9:40

from New York and New Jersey. Captain

9:43

Sir James Baird and Captain Charles

9:45

Cameron led the Highlander light infantry

9:47

companies who outflanked and surprised

9:50

the American force that guarded Savannah. Lieutenant

9:53

Colonel John Maitland followed up with

9:55

attacks from two sides with a combined

9:58

force of Highlanders and Hessians. The

10:00

Americans suffered heavy casualties and

10:03

the survivors retreated up to South Carolina.

10:06

A company of islanders who took possession

10:08

of the fort gave three cheers from

10:11

the parapets as a signal to Captain Parker

10:13

that the fort had fallen into our hands.

10:16

And other companies of the right wing of the 71st

10:19

Regiment immediately joined in the pursuit

10:21

of the rebel army through the town

10:24

of Savannah. Lieutenant

10:26

Colonel Archibald Campbell The

10:29

British had their foothold in the South, and

10:31

the southern theater of the war was officially

10:34

open. As the main army

10:36

settled into their winter camps in the North, three

10:39

years of nonstop fighting began

10:41

in the South.

10:45

Washington had been a young Lieutenant Colonel

10:47

twenty years earlier during the French and Indian

10:50

War, and he was currently a

10:52

43-year-old plantation owner who was active

10:54

in local politics. Now

10:57

he was being asked to transform a collection

10:59

of farmers and frontiersmen into

11:01

an army because it seemed all but inevitable

11:04

that the conflict between the colonies and England

11:07

would grow into a full-scale war. Three

11:10

months earlier, just three weeks before

11:12

Lexington encountered, Washington

11:15

and the Virginia House of Burgesses had

11:17

listened to an impassioned speech by

11:20

Washington's fellow delegate Patrick Henry. Henry

11:23

not only believed war was inevitable, he

11:26

believed it needed to happen. The

11:28

goal could be nothing less than independence,

11:31

and the final line of his speech has

11:33

been immortalized in American history.

11:37

This is no time for ceremony.

11:40

The question before the House is one of

11:42

awful moment to this country. We

11:45

have done everything that could be done to

11:47

avert the storm which is now coming on.

11:50

There is no longer any room for hope. If

11:54

we wish to be free, if we mean

11:56

to preserve in violet those inestimable

11:59

privileges for the future, we will be free. which we have been so

12:01

long contending. We must

12:04

fight. They tell

12:06

us that we are weak, unable to cope

12:08

with so formidable an adversary. But

12:11

when shall we be stronger? Will

12:13

it be the next week or the next year?

12:16

Will it be when we are totally disarmed

12:18

and when a British guard shall be stationed

12:20

in every house? We are

12:22

not weak if we make a proper use of

12:25

those means which the God of Nature

12:27

has placed in our power. The millions

12:29

of people armed in the holy cause

12:32

of liberty are invincible by any

12:34

force which our enemy can send against

12:36

us. Our chains are forged.

12:39

Their clanking may be heard on the plains

12:41

of Boston. The war is

12:44

inevitable and let it come. I repeat

12:47

it, let it come. I know

12:49

not what course others may

12:51

take but as for me,

12:56

give me liberty or give me death.

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