Irrational optimists ignore the problems which confront them. Pessimists believe their behavior doesn't matter, so they become paralyzed during crisis. A rational optimist starts with a realistic assessment of the present, but also maintains the belief that behavior matters. In this episode, Shawn talks about how optimism doesn't shield you from negative events, but it does increase your adaptivity during crisis. He also discusses how creating short term goals and cataloging positive progress can help you overcome the sense of powerless in the face of unprecedented events.