0:13

Hello! And welcome to another episode

0:16

of No Such Thing As a Fish,

0:18

a weekly podcast coming to you from

0:20

the Queue I offices in Holborn. Money

0:22

Goes Down Schreiber I'm sitting here with

0:24

Andrew Hunter Murray editor Shinskie, and James

0:26

Harkin and once again we have gathered

0:28

round the microphones with our for favorite

0:30

facts from the last seven days and

0:32

in no particular order Here we go.

0:34

Starting with Fact Number One and that

0:36

is. James. Okay my fat

0:38

this week is that everyone in

0:40

the French town of every is

0:42

allowed unlimited free every I'm. All

0:46

they allowed it from let you do. They

0:48

have to go from put their mouth to

0:51

the spring Why? I don't know how it

0:53

comes out, they don't come through the taps

0:55

or I know of no good undies closest

0:57

by. He is wrong So that this is

1:00

the town of every on their back. On

1:03

the banks of the Lake Geneva and

1:05

it's and friends and they have this

1:07

special spring of water and this is

1:10

where we get the every on today

1:12

but the people of the town can

1:14

go to the spring it has a

1:16

special so of spouse and you can

1:19

go and get unlimited every I'm from

1:21

that you don't have to go with

1:23

your mouth on this about this when

1:25

I went lack of that roads the

1:28

spout for every minute of residents are

1:30

company's operations actually millions of people. Yeah.

1:32

Absolutely so. I went there recently on my

1:34

holidays because you guys have had some guests.

1:37

On the last few weeks I was going

1:39

from a ski resorts to Geneva where a

1:41

flight was going from and saw the every

1:43

on was. I won't say. On the way

1:46

we had to take quite a long diversion

1:48

by sets of my wife. Why don't we

1:50

go to this place? I've yonkers. It's kind

1:52

of an interesting place I've heard of. baby

1:54

was sick but and is fine and argument

1:57

badwater us. But

1:59

we read that. I'm a drag some of

2:01

the of your water with my cupped hands.

2:03

I letters gods my com that I drank

2:05

cats but just as were leaving actually there

2:07

was a guy who turned up in his

2:09

car open his boots and he must have

2:11

had about fifty glass bottles. know he went

2:13

to the spring that be filled up all

2:15

of his muscles so he had as much

2:17

Have you ever see to drugs adopt currently

2:19

is a common thing that the people of

2:21

Rpm do. It was lucky you're so lucky

2:23

that you go there before him. Wrong you.

2:27

Want it out my I'm just trying to fill up

2:29

my two cups of. Notes or every go Forty

2:31

Five Pathetic, I Target or what I'm wondering

2:33

is like a municipal water that notable to

2:35

cool it. You know it's a thing like

2:37

in the school gym where you put your

2:39

mouth to it. Yeah, it's like not like

2:42

on i Don't run of the button and

2:44

it's quite a bit but not very much

2:46

know. It's not that it's something where it

2:48

is always flowing out with no snow. it

2:50

is kind of a mosaic of a nice

2:52

of. Flowers and stuff like

2:54

that. And then there's a little bowl underneath

2:57

made of stone and the was just keep

2:59

going into the parliamentarians away presumably should the

3:01

every a factory guys I searched for. Your

3:03

loss of us have died on. Are you

3:05

in your rival company? Could you just go

3:08

and also your own? Also brilliant you cut

3:10

by. I imagine it's probably not efficient than

3:12

we. The cost is not the gas earth

3:14

is the bustling face John Mayer and Spring

3:16

say and your it's higher factories in books

3:19

that in Derbyshire monopolies. Not worth it to

3:21

drive all the way down to Jennifer Free.

3:23

Water of easy to just get it out of

3:25

a tough if you were trying to get more

3:27

not water with some fossil companies that said they

3:29

saw me I think definitely would have that coat

3:32

owned and it's just about to be tap water.

3:34

the I gathered with rum that water under the

3:36

tap at an alligator to the basically like isolated.

3:38

I think I missed a slightly misleading

3:40

by. It's. It was will it still

3:42

is now, which is that it's topmost. The as

3:44

is more than two thirds of bottled water in

3:46

America. Gallons opposite. hair basically that's

3:49

not a top or says elites rights entire

3:51

visit but the great thing about these big

3:53

soft drinks companies is the already filtering the

3:55

moved to the per in their fans are

3:57

in that coat or whatever so the gotten

4:00

big water filtration system set up. All they need to do

4:02

is turn the tap on a bit more. So yeah, tap

4:04

water. That is, yeah. What do they drink

4:06

then in Avián through the tap? Is

4:09

it the same source of water coming through? What a

4:11

good question. So no, because they

4:13

will have, and I don't know if it's

4:15

for sure, but they must have reservoirs where

4:17

the water comes from, because this is just

4:20

a small spring and certainly wouldn't be enough

4:22

to fill what is an

4:24

averagely sized French town. Yeah, right, OK.

4:26

I heard that they only take about

4:29

10% of the Avián water to turn into Avián

4:31

from the spring. I can tell you that. And it filters

4:33

down through the rock and then it takes about 15 years

4:36

and it goes into an underground aquifer. And then once

4:38

the aquifer is full, the water gets forced up, back

4:40

up to the surface. OK. And then it emerges to

4:42

that spring. And that whole thing takes 15 years to

4:45

do, I believe. That's what they say on their website.

4:47

15 years is what I know. That's what I got

4:49

it from. Yeah. Why would they lie about that? It's

4:52

actually 19 years. It didn't mean a round number. There

4:54

is an interesting thing on the website which talks about

4:56

the history. I don't know if you saw this. They

4:59

said that 1789 was a very important year

5:02

in Avián water history. And

5:06

seeing as they were in France, it feels like 1789

5:08

probably was quite a... I

5:11

thought that. Pretty much for everyone,

5:13

because actually the water source was

5:15

discovered by a French nobleman. Right.

5:18

Do you feel like probably had other things on

5:20

his mind? I've got the last thing he ever

5:22

did, haven't it? I have looked for the

5:25

Marquis de Lesser, who I'm sure was not

5:27

top of the list when the revolution came.

5:29

But I searched his name. There's

5:31

no other... He doesn't crop up anywhere else. No,

5:33

he doesn't. I think there is some suggestion that

5:35

a bit of Vissarasj's story might not be 100%

5:38

true. But it is certainly... It

5:40

was on this guy's land in Avián. And

5:43

supposedly this nobleman had kidney stones or something,

5:45

drank some of this water, and his kidney

5:47

stones disappeared. And he was like, this is

5:50

great stuff. And then the guy who owned

5:52

the land started to sell the water. If

5:55

it was a perfect origin story, like the one they always make

5:57

up, it would be... He was out for a walk on day.

5:59

He fell over. some of the water fell into

6:01

his mouth and then he fell, his kidney starts tearing

6:03

up, so weird. The

6:06

bottle of water, the idea comes from the fact that

6:08

it was good for your health, doesn't it? It was a

6:10

medicine for ages and that's

6:12

the reason we drink it today really

6:15

is because of all these places or

6:17

bath places like Bath or

6:19

Leamington or Buxton and

6:21

in the 19th century in your Jane Austen's

6:23

got the pot. Bath is named after Bath, is that like

6:25

having a bath? It would be so weird because I'm just

6:28

going to go and have a quick Leamington. Have

6:32

you given the baby his Leamington tonight? Although

6:34

we should make clear for the email writers

6:36

that we do know that bars are not

6:38

named after the place Bath. I

6:40

didn't know that and I don't mind getting an email

6:42

about it. I'm pleased to have someone now. Are they

6:44

not? That's a coincidence. It's going to be the other

6:47

way round isn't it? What? You

6:50

just you work on that, not for a

6:53

moment. No, no it could have been where

6:56

someone had the first bath. It could have

6:58

been. Like a noble, a Roman walking by

7:00

tripped the

7:03

hot water, loved it, a looser lugged it

7:05

on his head and a duck floated by

7:07

and he squeezed it and went

7:12

whack. Amazing.

7:15

Anyway the way that bottling began actually was people

7:17

used to go somewhere like Bath and they'd take

7:20

the waters for their health like in Jane Austen,

7:22

you'd drink the waters, you'd bathe in the waters,

7:24

you'd get rid of your whatever

7:26

poolsy you had or spots or whatever.

7:29

But some people were too busy or

7:31

too poor to be able to afford

7:33

this constant water treatment from travelling to

7:35

these spa towns so they subscribed instead

7:37

much like you might subscribe to, I

7:40

don't know, Hello Fresh or...

7:42

What are we talking about? You don't have to

7:44

do this. They

7:47

subscribed to water deliveries which would be bottled up

7:49

and sent to them for their health. And those

7:51

are the original bottles. That's very

7:54

cool. So it was a kind of spa

7:56

destination Erevián as well and this was before

7:58

they were bottling it. 1806

8:01

they had a thermal spar that opened, the bottling happened in

8:03

1826 but you would think

8:05

then as a result this is just like

8:07

you'd go there it'd be this majestical kind

8:09

of mindfulness place and really nice but we

8:11

have an account of what it was like

8:13

from someone traveling through there in the 1810s

8:17

roughly and that was Percy Shelley

8:19

and Mary Shelley he said the

8:21

appearance of the inhabitants is more

8:24

wretch diseased and poor than I

8:26

ever recollect to have seen not

8:29

a great TripAdvisor review there it

8:31

does appear in Frankenstein as well by

8:33

the way Evianne he will go on

8:35

his honeymoon there that's right yeah wait

8:37

dr. Frankenstein yeah yeah yeah Mary Shelley

8:39

literally puts the town into the book

8:41

Phil Collins has a house on the

8:43

banks of Lake Geneva get out I'm

8:45

happy I know

8:49

it okay yeah people who live

8:51

near Lake Geneva is quite posh isn't

8:53

it that area it became posh after

8:56

they found the water really they built

8:58

massive hotels there in a casino yeah

9:00

the casino is interesting because after World

9:02

War two and Hitler killed himself there

9:04

were rumors that Hitler was still alive

9:07

and there was a rumor that he was working

9:09

as a crew PA in their beyond people went

9:13

down there trying to find Hitler and

9:15

they're like that's just a guy who

9:17

looks like how long were you there for

9:19

by the way we just know like just until

9:21

the baby got started crying so about

9:23

45 minutes okay so just to have

9:25

it yeah we just we needed somewhere

9:28

to go for lunch yeah long enough

9:30

to find Hitler no Hitler no we

9:32

don't see you guys a fan of

9:34

a beyond drink it at home yeah

9:36

I drink yeah yeah yeah yeah everyone's

9:38

in my house for

9:45

my wife yeah am I daughter

9:48

yeah yeah yeah well

9:51

no human we've

9:53

got to come out and say this for

9:56

the record James has got a cat and

9:58

sometimes his cat drinks, Evianne.

10:01

And when we think sometimes, only when

10:03

he's 30, every single day, James

10:06

gives his cat Evianne. I have to say, before

10:08

we started, these guys already knew this, and I

10:10

do think of all the things in my life,

10:12

this is the only thing that really can spoil

10:15

my man of the people. This

10:18

is your meow too moment, is it? Brilliant.

10:22

And I kind of want you to keep hold of it,

10:24

because isn't it? It's your fault. It's Anna's fault. It's

10:26

Anna's fault, and just be a listener. This

10:28

is what happened. Anna told me that cats

10:30

have special taste buds on their tongues that

10:32

can taste water, and so for

10:35

us, water doesn't taste of anything, but for

10:37

cats, it's really important, and they can taste

10:39

the difference, and London water is disgusting. True.

10:42

And we happen to have quite a lot

10:45

of Evianne in the house, because I stopped

10:47

hard alone for COVID. And

10:49

I just started giving it to my cat, and she

10:52

liked it, and she still likes it. Since

10:54

you love Bolton, James, you have changed. We

10:56

live by our backs. I think the listeners would appreciate that

10:58

we live, and our cats live

11:00

and die by our backs. And that's fair

11:02

enough, and it's true. Cats can taste water,

11:04

whereas we can't. But then there's this big

11:07

question over, given the water taste of nothing,

11:09

how do we know we're drinking water

11:11

and not some poisonous substance all the time?

11:14

Oh, well you can't. That's interesting. Well, it doesn't

11:16

taste, because it's... But there are some tasteless things,

11:18

like arsenic doesn't taste of anything, does it? Indeed.

11:21

But you can't, like if I... If I give

11:23

you a pint of arsenic, you wouldn't necessarily know it

11:25

was not water. No, that's true. I would just think

11:27

the odds are you struggle to get hold of a

11:29

pint of arsenic. You'd have to really, I'd have to

11:31

really annoy you. And keep

11:33

going. He's

11:36

very resourceful, man. I

11:38

just sort of think it's probably gonna be water. And I've been

11:41

right every time so far. I don't like to brag. You

11:43

only have to be wrong once. No, that's

11:45

true. I'll keep spinning that wheel. There is

11:47

a reason you haven't been wrong, which is that

11:49

you can tell that it's water. And they've only

11:51

just found this. And it's that it doesn't taste

11:53

sour, but it registers on our sour taste buds.

11:56

And it's related to a fact that a guest shared actually. One

11:58

of those other guests we had. had in when we kicked James

12:00

off the show. Basically when you drink

12:03

water, it washes away your saliva and then

12:05

our mouths in the process of replacing saliva

12:07

produce protons. And

12:09

Steve Mould when he came on, his

12:11

fact was protons taste sour. Oh yeah.

12:14

So it's because our sour taste buds. It

12:16

is mad how much bottled water we drink

12:18

now. I had no idea how much people

12:21

are drinking bottled water and I don't get

12:23

it. So obviously in developing countries, it's really

12:25

important because you can't get, in

12:27

a lot of countries, you can't get clean tap

12:29

water. You can't get pasty water in London of

12:31

course. You can't get delicious water in London. Same,

12:34

same problem. But

12:36

it's not developing countries. I'm not helping here. You're

12:40

fast tracking the cancellation. It's

12:43

not developing countries that are consuming it all.

12:45

So in Singapore, how many litres do you

12:47

reckon per person per annum? Per

12:49

annum? Oh my God. How many, I mean

12:51

half a litre a day, 300 litres, 300

12:55

litres per person per annum. 1,129 litres. How

12:59

puddly. 3 litres of water a day. Bottled and

13:01

bottled. 3 litres of bottled water per person per

13:03

day. That is a lot. It's insane.

13:05

Because there's gonna be some outliers, aren't there? There's gonna be

13:07

some people who don't have any of that. Yeah. Australia

13:10

is a second worst offender. Australians are drinking 504

13:12

litres of bottled water

13:14

a person a day. Get out. Isn't

13:16

that insane? It's good. That's really

13:18

hot. The water's good, even the water's good. The tap

13:20

water's fine. I don't know. That's a

13:23

lot of cats in Australia. Yeah, it's good. We're

13:25

by the beach. You can't drink the salt water.

13:27

Maybe you need to have a good... No one

13:29

is proposing you drink salt water. There is such

13:31

a gap in your logic between the bottle of

13:33

water and the sea. No, the logic is you're

13:35

down by the sea for a lot of the

13:38

day where you cannot get access to a bottle.

13:40

To a cell of a bottle and take it

13:42

down. Oh yeah. I do think that's proof

13:44

that the argument is persuaded me, not that it's right,

13:46

but that's the way it is. It's convenient, isn't it?

13:48

People are out there. They've forgotten their bottle. Exactly.

13:50

Remember your bottle of Australians. Is everyone at the

13:53

beach always in Australia? I know that's the myth

13:55

that we reap. But I don't believe everyone's down

13:57

next to the beach. I mean, no one lives

13:59

in the middle. Where

14:01

you'd also need bottled water! I

14:05

found this thing about water pipes. This

14:07

was, because I was looking up tap water and

14:09

how it works and what the pipes are like,

14:12

blah blah blah. Anyway, this is from a website

14:14

called Best Life Online. And

14:17

the headline is, eight surprising places

14:19

you're letting snakes into your home. I'd

14:22

be surprised living in Central London

14:24

if they're getting it anywhere. And

14:27

actually, the terrible thing about this article was, I wasn't

14:29

especially surprised by any of the places. Well,

14:31

what's toilet? They come up through

14:33

your toilet. Toilet, water pipes, plumbing gaps, didn't

14:36

have window. Cat door. No,

14:39

that's much, I would be a bit surprised by that,

14:41

because you're expecting the cat, aren't you? Showers,

14:45

cracks in the foundation, basement access points, and the

14:47

only one I find mildly surprising, shoes you might

14:49

have left outside. Yeah, that makes sense. Come home,

14:51

take off your shoes outside, you know. What would

14:53

be a surprising entry though? Out

14:56

of your computer tower. Like just spiraling out

14:58

of... Computer tower? I just do my work

15:00

on my computer. In my office, in my

15:02

house. You go all the way to your

15:04

computer's house and do that. This is where I'm out of touch.

15:07

I have a tower. And medieval fortification

15:09

that I do my computer work on. It's annoying, because

15:11

you can't get Wi-Fi in there. But you still go

15:13

over there. You can get a bit if you stand

15:15

near one of the arrow slits. You can get a

15:17

tiny bit at a top line. Stop

15:26

the podcast! Stop the podcast! Hi everyone,

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we'd like to let you know that

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and conditions apply. On with

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the podcast. On with the show. OK. It

16:52

is time for fact number two, and that

16:54

is Anna. My fact this week is

16:56

that there's a mangrove forest in

16:58

Indonesia that's actually a woman grove.

17:03

Riddle roundabout. Yeah, it's not

17:06

really a fact that you can tell your

17:08

friends, is it, without me explaining it a bit

17:10

further. But it's really cool.

17:12

So this is in Papua, and it's

17:14

a forest called Hutan Perempuan. And

17:17

it's a forest where only women are

17:19

allowed to go. The oldest women who go

17:21

there say it's been happening for as long as they can

17:24

remember, and their grandmothers did it. And

17:26

mangroves are basically

17:28

forests that are underwater,

17:31

partly. So that's a

17:34

bad description. I backtrack. Mangroves

17:36

are trees. There are

17:38

about a few dozen species of mangrove tree, and

17:41

they're the only trees which can grow in saltwater.

17:43

They're amazing things for all sorts of reasons. You

17:45

tend to get them in brackish areas where it's

17:47

right on the coast. So it's where the saltwater

17:50

hits the freshwater. All along the shoreline, you get

17:52

these great mangrove forests. And basically, they exist between

17:54

high and low tide. They spend a lot of their

17:56

life in water and a lot of their life out

17:58

of water. And it's very swampy. and the

18:00

growth of the mangrove was these um... probably

18:03

it's gross if you don't like something but these

18:05

women like it because

18:07

they get to gossip essentially so these

18:09

are specifically people from the Engross

18:11

and Tobati tribes on

18:13

the Indonesian side of the Papua island and

18:16

they wade in, they collect these shellfish from the Maade Selamite

18:18

market you have to go in naked which

18:20

is kind of the reason why men aren't allowed because

18:23

then they see the ladies naked and

18:25

they essentially use it as a way

18:28

to swap stories, do some

18:30

female bonding, bitch about the men

18:33

pass down a lot of ancient wisdom it's just a

18:35

really great women-only thing it's like

18:38

gossiping, slagging off a man occasionally

18:41

a bit of ancient wisdom is quite allowed I

18:43

like those because I subscribe to one of those

18:45

gossip magazines but

18:48

then on the last page there's always a little bit of

18:50

ancient wisdom but

18:52

they also, they're encouraged to just yell out

18:54

whatever their inner voice is so just random

18:56

statements that no one will understand oh really?

18:58

you get it out, you do that, that's

19:00

fine that was clever the inner voice yell

19:03

I read that men are allowed in the forest but only

19:06

when there are no women there is that right? that is

19:08

correct, so there are times that men are allowed in to

19:10

collect wood but they've got to make sure that

19:12

there are no ladies in there question it

19:14

feels to me like it would be quite hard

19:16

to work out when there are no ladies in

19:18

a forest as in, as big, is there like

19:20

one of those in-out stickers or labels where you

19:22

just slide it over no, you've just got

19:25

to listen to the gossiping that's going on which is basically

19:27

what they say that's so they can just talk and

19:29

talk so if you can't hear any ladies, they're probably

19:31

not there because they use it as their time literally

19:33

to just have great chat or

19:35

call you mugs or wheelies and then, no and

19:39

if you do enter as a man when you're not allowed to you are taken

19:41

to tribal court and you have to

19:43

pay a fine and polished stones really?

19:46

yeah wow yeah,

19:48

so they take their coal coal, it's called, it's

19:50

their boat they have a sort of group of

19:52

them that go out with a singular boat and they

19:54

make a pack not to leave each other and

19:56

then they go clam hunting, fish hunting as well

19:58

and Big problems

20:01

in modern-day mangrove woman grove

20:03

situations is the fact that

20:06

people like Evian bottles are getting into

20:08

their areas. It's full of plastic now.

20:10

And so the clams have gone way

20:12

down Sorry to knock Evian. I do

20:14

I recycle my Evian bottle the cat

20:16

drink Yeah, I

20:18

don't go all the way to Papua New Guinea

20:21

to throw them away But

20:24

it is a big problem now this Really

20:26

affecting them. Mangroves are so great And they are

20:29

quite soon researching them because you read about all

20:31

the threats of them predominantly from climate change and

20:34

and habitat loss Habitat destruction if people are

20:36

using a strip of coastline for things like

20:38

shrimp farming Which is a big

20:40

industry in lots of these countries then it just

20:42

sort of they tear out the mangroves basically But

20:44

they are incredible They're among the only few plants

20:46

which can tolerate salt water out of 400,000 species

20:49

of plant in the world 1500 can tolerate

20:52

salt water and mangroves are among them They

20:55

live for a really long time It's

20:57

so alien when I hear it like just all the

20:59

things that they can do that other trees can't do

21:02

So yeah, they filter out 90% of

21:04

the salt that comes in but the ones that don't

21:06

do that They've got these special leaves. I

21:08

mean the leaves are like waxy substances where they

21:10

leak out the salt They can always sweat out

21:13

crystallized. Yeah on their leaves But

21:15

then there's other ones where they

21:17

will basically send the salt to the old leaves

21:19

in the old bark So it's not touching the

21:21

new bit of the trash. So intelligent

21:24

using the word intelligent using

21:26

the word quite wrongly Like

21:31

if you look around the world that lots of groups of

21:33

women are in mangrove forests

21:35

working it seems in Mexico

21:37

They have last cella Miras

21:40

who are Mayan women who work in

21:43

a certain area of mangroves Protecting

21:45

the ecosystem in Kenya you have

21:48

the mangrove mothers who work on

21:50

pate island It

21:57

might be paid island but I

21:59

prefer Hatai Island, don't you? And

22:02

in India, in Maharashtra, you

22:04

have a collective of women who kind of

22:07

work in the mangroves, they do safaris, but

22:09

they also help protect the forest. So it

22:11

just seems like everywhere you look around the

22:13

world, wherever there's mangroves, there seems to be

22:15

women working there. It's pretty cool. We need

22:17

to rename them. Sounds like they need a

22:19

rebrand. Yeah. They mop up tsunamis. Yeah,

22:22

it's incredible. Actually, they absorb the energy of

22:24

incoming waves when they're coastal. So

22:26

the wave can lose two thirds of its energy, I read.

22:29

Yeah, and that's really, really useful. There

22:31

was a study in China which found they

22:33

reduced floodwater level in a tropical storm by

22:35

about three meters. Wow. Which is very useful.

22:38

Annoying you from a surfer, don't surf in

22:40

a mangrove. You'll see a brilliant wave coming at

22:42

you. It will have disappeared by the time. Very few of

22:44

the Beach Boys big hits are about mangroves.

22:47

Mangroves, no. Yeah, but then the other nice

22:49

thing they do is they store huge amounts

22:51

of carbon because they build up these big

22:53

peat deposits beneath them. Some of them are

22:55

up to six meters deep. Wow. They

22:58

did a study in 2001, so quite a

23:00

while ago, but they found that the loss

23:02

of mangroves is 35%, which

23:04

is worse than tropical forests or coral reefs.

23:07

Oh really? Yeah, don't look at that fact

23:09

at all. That's fact. The

23:11

world's biggest bacterium ever was found in

23:13

a mangrove forest. Oh yeah, we've had this before. I think

23:15

we've mentioned this one before. I hope it was a her,

23:17

otherwise that bacterium would have been arrested and forced to hand

23:19

in polished rocks. I mean. Yeah.

23:23

Can I say, if you eat mangrove, it

23:27

contains asparagusic acid, which

23:29

is the stuff that makes your urine smell. Get

23:32

away, eating asparagus. Does

23:34

it make your wee smell the same as asparagus?

23:36

Yeah, yeah. Or different? No, the

23:38

same. No, asparagusic acid also kills

23:41

parasitic nematodes, which is why it's evolved

23:43

into these two places. So it protects

23:45

the asparagus plant and the mangroves against

23:48

these nematode worms. That's

23:50

good. Interesting thing about that. They

23:52

need wee, mangroves. Yeah, will they? They

23:54

love fish wee. Oh. I'm

23:56

going to have to figure it out. Because part of the way they

23:58

survive is through consuming lots of nitrogen. They make

24:00

great use of nitrogen and that is produced by

24:03

fish we and they did a study of a

24:05

mangrove forest in the Bahamas And

24:07

they found that there were just two species of

24:09

fish two types of snapper that doubled the amount

24:11

of nitrogen in the water And made

24:13

it possible to survive Wow. Hey, here's a

24:16

little mini quiz Yeah, which of these

24:18

is not a nickname for mangroves? Okay

24:21

walking trees dead

24:23

man's fingers the kidneys

24:25

of the coast Well

24:28

you would think kidneys are the coast because they

24:30

effectively are doing what kidneys do Which is still

24:33

different stuff so I'm gonna say it's definitely not

24:35

that That's not the nickname That's not the nickname

24:37

Oh wait, that is the nickname No that is

24:39

the nickname Yeah,

24:42

oh right you were doing the long

24:44

way round Yeah, double negative I'm gonna

24:46

say they look like they walk because their roots

24:48

are so huge and they come out of the

24:50

ground I've actually found them really creepy because they

24:52

look like giant spiders don't they? Like fields of

24:54

spiders So I think they're probably called walking

24:56

trees Is that what you said? Well I think that

24:58

bananas are walking trees Yeah Like

25:01

bananas walk as in they move You think?

25:04

Banana trees I thought I'd call them in

25:06

pajamas No banana trees Yeah banana

25:08

trees are what? They move Yeah,

25:11

as in they'll propagate another banana tree maybe

25:13

a few metres away from them And if

25:15

you go back two years later it looks

25:18

like the trees moved I think

25:20

this was like one of the famous moments on QI where Sean Locke

25:22

said The trees

25:24

they walk and Steven was like no they don't and

25:27

then it came through Well we were literally

25:29

on the computers going yes they hear Steven yes

25:31

they do Steven Steven this is Andy coming

25:33

to you from my computer tower I'm

25:38

gonna say that I think you kind of danced

25:40

around the idea of the dead man fingers when

25:42

you said spiders It looks like dead man fingers

25:44

are coming out with these big poles I say

25:46

yes to that yes to that and I think

25:48

you're tricking us I think all three are Dan's

25:50

got it Walking

25:53

Trees You Couldn't be asked to come up with

25:55

a full face Nicknames: Dead Man fingers If Kidney's

25:57

in the car Oh Come up with a. Another

26:00

one now, Gaga, come with

26:02

that, so sorry, we must

26:04

say I'm not only thought

26:07

you consider later Edison year,

26:09

salty creepy boys. And

26:12

one such as bad as can.

26:14

I quickly talk about a place

26:16

where women and allowed yeah, it's

26:18

a Yorkie factory. As

26:22

fast as a result is

26:24

reference the British listeners with

26:26

this is Mount Athos in

26:29

Greece. Which is known as

26:31

a place of six thousand be as

26:33

as. Because they

26:35

were monasteries on the of monks were

26:37

love that women were not allowed in

26:40

there and they how the law called

26:42

the other on that which prohibited women

26:44

from answering of the idea is that

26:46

the monastery started when the Virgin Mary

26:48

was sailing across the coast. The

26:53

Boy Scouts and let know what the woman come here

26:55

because the Virgin Mary's been here and know what the

26:57

women are allowed for. Gonna put a stop to that.

27:00

Am like oh yeah that's relevant or

27:02

even when the up there British royal

27:05

family went Prince Philip was allowed on

27:07

the island and the queen that quinlan

27:09

but the thread a worthy smile. Am

27:12

Helena of Bulgaria see in the fourteenth

27:14

century had the plate and she was

27:16

brought that to try and help her

27:19

but she was carried so that her

27:21

feet never touch the ground. Ah little

27:23

oh I know and there was a

27:25

brilliant writer a French right so called

27:28

Marys was the and see had written.

27:30

A book called been Washed say Left

27:32

Field. Or which was a month

27:34

with the girls were she was in a

27:36

brothel and then she rose. second book called

27:38

and wash say let's home. I

27:41

which was a month with the men which

27:43

was about going to this place and see

27:45

had a double radial must step to me.

27:48

Ah that's commitment by on a lot and

27:50

war of false mustache wow and see posed

27:53

as a man and went to this place

27:55

and she spoke to all the monks and

27:57

stuff and ask them what was going on.

28:00

And cs one month she said, what's

28:02

the still like, Is it true that

28:04

you're not even allowed female animals? In.

28:07

This place and the monk said we

28:09

must draw the line somewhere the day

28:11

we possess the had Some brothers would

28:13

argue that we should also accept to

28:15

see cat a you or even a

28:17

see us and there is puts a

28:19

shot step from a see us to

28:21

a woman. You

28:23

know, me and my mom. Had

28:26

a thought I saw. A

28:29

massive malaise in why I never

28:31

had with Murray Swasey for high

28:33

Seas swaths was. A pretty weirdly I

28:35

would say having. By different lots of

28:37

yeah says it says to go on

28:40

this journalistic expedition yes he was like

28:42

a feminist reporter of and crazy so

28:44

of. Louis. Theroux of her types of

28:47

events. A Louis Top of his dick off the

28:49

get into this mangrove will use like padded island

28:51

out every if you're listening. For

28:53

a minute movies been grown into. A

28:57

boy have learn. Louie Louie Louie. Probably

29:00

be see that the okay. Okay,

29:09

it's time for fact number three,

29:11

and that is Andy. My fact

29:14

is that until the early twentieth

29:16

century, Swiss people were routinely being

29:18

injured by the last ice age.

29:21

The fill the three. Regular

29:24

This is a squirrel. Had enough of

29:26

an animal, haven't seen it. Happen

29:30

like value as area is not

29:32

under the i can't find it

29:34

sorry long ruin us all four

29:36

movies Yeah yeah with putting haven't

29:38

found Inflict. On Hum.

29:41

This. Is. A

29:43

fax it came from list of things every year

29:46

is Geico com Widowhood of list of fifty two

29:48

things and augments want of a sex before for

29:50

years ago you have to live was okay this

29:52

such a great with the facts but he mentioned

29:54

this fact was came from a brilliant Alone review

29:57

of books article by John Goodman and it's all

29:59

about Swiss. people who until the

30:01

early 20th century loads

30:03

of them had goiters right

30:07

and that is a bulge of

30:09

flesh that comes out of the front of your neck

30:12

and they can be really big they can be really they

30:14

can really limit your life if you have one they make

30:16

you wheeze they weigh on your windpipe they're really unpleasant

30:19

to have you know they're harmful

30:22

and everyone in Switzerland had them not everyone but a

30:24

lot of people had them 80% of

30:26

the country it was a and it

30:28

was only on the sort of Swiss

30:30

Alpine plateau we're quite no like Geneva

30:33

actually yeah and there were

30:35

dozens of theories doing around is it the

30:37

landscape the air the high altitude sunlight is

30:39

it the incest someone said is

30:42

it moral failure incest probably a

30:44

category of that anyway all these theories of

30:46

doing around basically it

30:48

turned out it was thanks to the last

30:50

ice age because during the last ice age

30:52

Switzerland very high up was covered by an

30:55

ice sheet that was about a thousand meters thick

30:57

and it melted and then refrows loads and loads

30:59

of times right and it just absolutely

31:01

ripped off the top 250 meters of

31:04

rock and soil from the Swiss plateau

31:07

and wherever the ice sheet was the soil was

31:09

stripped of a chemical which was iodine

31:11

and the lack of iodine is what causes

31:14

goiters and everyone was like thank God it wasn't

31:16

the incest keep

31:19

going hard! oh

31:22

dear and it was lack of

31:25

it and it just did a

31:27

complete number on half the population of

31:29

Switzerland for centuries it was extraordinary I

31:31

can't believe I've never heard of this

31:33

have you guys heard of this before?

31:35

it's astonishing because this isn't like you

31:37

know the 1700s this is up until

31:39

the 1920s that 30% of like military

31:41

personnel in Switzerland

31:43

had giant like like

31:46

when we talk about fashion as we're gonna

31:48

do in the next fact you know you

31:50

do stuff to yeah I know we rarely

31:52

throw forward But

31:54

like you know, clothing was designed largely. You

31:56

know for them to hide these giant throbbing

31:58

lumps on their knees? Yeah which is

32:01

yeah and can only photos. Can I do

32:03

something a bit more classic can throw back

32:05

to the last spot? yeah I guess I

32:07

grounds a professor and they used to have

32:10

these things in the mangroves and into the

32:12

biggest mangrove and the wealth which is on

32:14

the part of India Bangladesh i think and

32:16

they would also have these big so of

32:19

colors which covered your entire neck but it

32:21

wasn't stop you from been able to see

32:23

a goiter can you guess what it was

32:25

born positive about of us clothes get away

32:28

from? yeah very close. And

32:30

he'd throw something more real gleboff and

32:32

open up and all that led by

32:35

them. Oh via die that

32:37

I know is cause for tigers live

32:39

there. And people working in

32:41

the mangroves they would be taught by tigers

32:43

are gonna have a little rough. Doctors

32:47

say they were quite solid colors but they

32:49

would stop. The high will be unable to

32:51

bite you. Drive across the next year. I'm

32:53

sorry no way we were Tough guy says

32:55

guy oh yes. And then I was

32:57

incredible. The of the I say

32:59

with this specific disaffected this one's

33:01

a so specifically. Their own. Kind of

33:03

the caped stripped away the i instead of i

33:05

mean i think maybe. It was North Pole and

33:08

ah. Ha ha ha.

33:10

that the phone or to to realistic anything

33:12

very but it was. It was quite hard

33:14

for them to know exactly how many people

33:16

had it because everyone was hiding it. People

33:18

were embarrassed for the census if they did

33:21

anything to serving wouldn't really truly so if

33:23

someone conscription was happening for the room, if

33:25

you had to have your medical in, there

33:27

was no way of hiding it. So in

33:29

Nineteen Twenty One nearly thirty percent of nineteen

33:31

year old conscripts had a goiter on their

33:33

know if you buy one of those Swiss

33:36

army knife. Services special going to implement

33:38

at other people always say it's or

33:40

to take on stones are positive side

33:42

of the planet upon the good guy

33:44

uss yeah I'll go as they. Want

33:46

to Mark Twain when he visited in a seen

33:48

a see. Our. Had somebody typically kind

33:50

of understanding to say about wow, maybe all

33:53

these on twain player I don't like

33:55

him. he said that hi, this isn't

33:57

going to end A is it about snakes?

34:00

I have seen the principal features of

34:03

for scenery Mont Blanc and the glitter.

34:05

Lovely. Thinking about the mother of a very few

34:07

but of wife of know to hurt her I

34:09

just I live archive everyone listens move. As a

34:12

matter of is because he was incredibly rude about

34:14

Jane Austen was. Talking

34:16

famously said it's not I say that The rights

34:18

oh I'd like to digger up a beater over

34:20

the have their own said both and I just

34:22

thing as gimme a break gimme a break mug.

34:24

Next time you buy something as good as ever

34:26

you can have a puppet a big dog Jane

34:28

but I have you never did and he never

34:30

well as he dead anyway. so. It's

34:34

a it affected not just voices of

34:36

as as other medical condition called is

34:38

no the the time as cretinism right

34:40

where people had very serious developmental problems

34:43

as they grew muscles the normal their

34:45

feet. Of the group of leith lot of

34:47

them with would deaf and mute and of

34:49

the Swiss boy to commission that was schools across

34:51

the country for deaf mute children I didn't really

34:53

wasn't like a national health. Did.

34:55

Disaster for me. I can play with him. Her

34:58

to this Exactly what. Aggressive. Tongue from

35:00

the of friends out the cause

35:02

of this right and didn't alter

35:04

the less Kristin I sort it's

35:06

really interesting cause of they became

35:08

extremely sensitive was originally a came

35:10

from an alpine dialects was the

35:12

first it was so common in

35:14

the outcome our plant on that

35:17

what full Christian. Crackdown.

35:20

And it was to remind people

35:22

that the people whose it's often

35:24

in oh so inhuman away lot

35:26

of deformities to remind people that

35:28

they were still humans. Christian people

35:30

who. Were a loved by donating.

35:32

I'm not that I'm a since

35:34

the south of right humane terms because

35:36

Bertrand Russell he thought that I

35:38

have the might have been some evidence

35:41

that humans don't have a soul because

35:43

what he saw was that when you

35:45

gave this chemical to people suddenly they

35:48

became more humane. see sore eyes. Perhaps

35:50

it's all about chemistry and it's

35:52

not about casino and and Christianity and

35:54

whatever our interest the yet I kind

35:57

of. you can see that kind of

35:59

work. Chemical driven machines when when you

36:01

throw something new house and it changes the

36:03

got and is kind of what happened right?

36:05

So when that will the theories are we

36:08

talking about earlier? Moral compass isn't all that

36:10

some stuff bad beer I'm when the original

36:12

lists and up with on a subway map

36:14

when you wake up advantage with laser cutter

36:16

the north. Koreans about

36:18

bad as ever. The it's as if there

36:20

are. And as

36:23

there was four main players I believe

36:25

when it comes down to how this

36:27

eventually got solved or one was called

36:29

auto. Bay Odd and they were pushing this theory

36:32

that yeah we need we need more eighteen and

36:34

he actually went to sort of little communities and

36:36

he upped the ideal in all the things that

36:38

they were consuming. So he went to the cows

36:40

and he made sure that it was in the

36:42

south that they will licking it was in the

36:44

that you know the milk that they were producing

36:47

the was tiny amounts to have been put into

36:49

the food of the family and he did it

36:51

over as a term of a school course in

36:53

the winter and he came back and they had

36:55

gotten better and some even Jesus's is this is

36:57

what it is, the missing there are leading and

36:59

that's. Why we have it Now that people piety

37:01

an insults is not yet. The people around the

37:04

world eat salt. Have one eats a bit of

37:06

salt. I didn't actually works quite well with salt

37:08

so they put it in there and that's kind

37:10

of what that at this article ever saw. A

37:12

little the and he said said eighty eight percent

37:14

of salt is now I again I had eyes

37:16

yeah my Uk where they. Really? Are

37:19

we going to riding otherwise? about of he does.

37:21

I'd seen a lot of milk. Ah

37:23

cause cows and calves given id

37:25

and said with some of it's

37:27

not. Really

37:30

I believe the mint vast majority is not

37:32

have alcohol is usually isn't as a new

37:34

yeah like sea salt rock salt had a

37:36

not them differently but even table saw in

37:38

the uk is not standley either this that

37:41

the doctor found it was to find reconsider

37:43

right name and I'm. A busy for

37:45

the little guy. three a thyroid gland which is a front

37:47

of your neck. And if you

37:49

don't get enough it swelled up could it desperately trying

37:51

to find more idea from your bloodstream? Switzerland's also filed.

37:53

that's what causes it and it's some by all of

37:55

the brain fog in the muscles in the goat as

37:57

all of it is this your body to death. The

38:00

hunting but the problem that took him a

38:02

long time to work out why. It.

38:04

Was just a little bit of I was

38:06

acquired is that if you give people too

38:08

much Id at least a catastrophic health consequences.

38:10

In the other hand, you need one fifteen

38:12

thousand of one gram of Id a day.

38:15

Very small and I said they were trying to give

38:17

people a grab a day of id. Then again they

38:20

were getting terribly l lives. I worry I've is a

38:22

disaster that a that so it took a long time

38:24

o'clock and frustrating. Thing is a little bit like handle

38:26

seeing what they do a thing of the over one

38:28

hundred years people get some noticing either is the answer

38:30

that's never. Gonna

38:33

kill me To someone on the T V Evil another

38:35

one of the key people he'd say things with a

38:38

guy called hands Eggen. Burger. Like

38:40

a Mcdonalds is an. Assistant

38:44

with as it right and for what is. Your

38:48

the with onset of what I do old

38:50

soul of your egg mega a lot of

38:52

the surface of a. Good

38:55

old. Egg and Burger see it was

38:57

a very charismatic guy. he was the

38:59

mail he was in charge of a

39:01

specific Swiss canton and he realized the

39:03

i the little bit high the with

39:06

the answers answers he decided to add

39:08

to his town cinema. Nineteen Twenties, a

39:10

town sentiments, programmable entertainment says and all

39:12

the sewing loads of pretty fun he

39:14

added Alexa Iodine, Last

39:17

time and. So

39:19

charismatic, unpopular. every what slotted into

39:21

what says sex in It is

39:23

a sexist. Jokes

39:25

and up on was that he

39:28

killed at home sold as not

39:30

fun. But in over money as a

39:32

science. Anyway, he had stray off several

39:34

when see this great illnesses are those

39:36

obsession ago thousand signatures and I have

39:39

I thought was insists. Pretty Wow. And

39:41

then gun be hated that them he can

39:43

they didn't hear what the idea is. a

39:45

son of sold yeah he did lots of

39:47

good stuff. of course gun the but. We

39:51

have to say that about a couple It

39:53

I mean the problem was that it was

39:55

the British who were taxing local salt and

39:57

then them kind of replacing it with the.

40:00

Iodized salt and he

40:02

kind of started anti-salt riots. Did

40:04

he walk to the sea protesting

40:06

about the salt thing? He did

40:09

a long walk yeah. To try

40:11

and get proper salt from the sea? I

40:13

think it was raised in the minus obviously.

40:16

I mean obviously like the tax thing was

40:18

real but the Iodized thing was kind of

40:20

just a side hustle that he thought was

40:22

colonial. A rare misfire from Gandhi there. I'm

40:24

not trying to cancel Gandhi like you're trying

40:26

to cancel Mark Twain. Just to say. No

40:28

no and I'll carefully keep going on the

40:30

twine thing. Goiter

40:32

used to be nicknamed Derbyshire Neck in

40:35

the UK. In the UK right. Supposedly

40:37

because people in Buxton got it. Maybe.

40:41

Maybe. Well lots of

40:43

bits of Derbyshire quite far from the sea and seafood could

40:45

be. All of it in fact. Some

40:49

bits are closer than others. The exact centre of

40:51

Derbyshire is a long way from the sea. Yeah

40:57

like and the seafood contains

40:59

lots of iodine so maybe

41:02

people living in the less

41:04

sea adjacent temperature which obviously

41:07

we're getting a bit less. Just on iodine it's

41:10

very useful in other ways. I actually

41:13

remember this is just personal but I

41:15

remember having to drink iodine water. Have you guys

41:17

ever drunk that because it purifies water? No. I

41:19

went to Malawi when I was a teenager for

41:21

like two months. With iodine tablets. Yeah you got

41:23

an iodine tab in and you taste it for

41:25

the first time and you go I can't drink

41:28

this shit for two months. So what does it

41:30

do? It purifies water. Just purifies water. Yeah it's

41:32

very useful. I feel like I've had that. Yeah

41:34

because that's why Andy's the only one with a

41:36

glider around they say. I

41:40

really thought that my polar neck was good

41:42

feeling that. But apparently not. It's

41:44

the saviour of that tiger in fact. But

41:48

something else it does you can detect counterfeit money

41:51

and if you remember your school chemistry you

41:53

might be able to work out why. So

41:55

real money is on cotton or linen usually

41:58

paper. money, counterfeit

42:00

money often just made of actual paper,

42:03

wood based paper and wood

42:05

based paper contains starch and remember

42:07

when you're detecting starch in science

42:09

iodine is the thing that reacts

42:11

to starch and shows up as starches

42:13

in something so if you rub an iodine

42:15

pen on paper and it reacts to it

42:18

then it means that it's

42:20

made of wood but this has been used to catch

42:22

people and there was a story in 2016 where a

42:24

14 year old girl caused the

42:26

police to descend on her school lunch

42:28

and she was put in handcuffs because

42:31

she paid with a two dollar

42:33

bill bizarrely that an iodine pen that

42:35

the school had showed up as fake. The police

42:37

came in. The police came in and she was put

42:39

in handcuffs, she wasn't able to eat lunch that

42:41

day, she went hungry, they

42:43

tricked, she said I promise that my grandma gave me

42:46

the money. What's her grandmother doing

42:48

the forging? It turns out her grandmother's

42:50

not a criminal either, this method doesn't work on

42:52

money that was made before about 1955 and her

42:55

grandma had given her obviously a note that had been singing her

42:57

wallets for a very long time because

43:00

she went free in the end she is not

43:02

still incarcerated. You've got to

43:06

keep her in just in case. Pardon

43:08

by Biden if he is. Her and

43:10

the turkey. Gosh. I've got an audience

43:12

fact about ice sheets.

43:14

Oh yeah. It's from Percy Fulford and

43:16

I just love the way this email

43:19

begins right? Percy writes, admittedly

43:21

this one sounds a bit like a

43:23

James Harkin quote fact but

43:25

bear with me. I think Percy has confused James

43:27

and Dan here. What have you got,

43:29

Percy? Thank you Percy for your email. Has he put his

43:31

address on? I'm not giving

43:34

you it. I'm

43:37

sure he just means a Dan Schreiber fact.

43:39

Well no one's worried that I'm taking effect

43:41

from that. You know because

43:43

Dan likes his cryptos. Yeah okay. Anyway. Are

43:46

you going to tell us about that? Well Percy has got

43:48

to say that the fact has fallen from very stony

43:50

ground. In the last ice age, much of Canada was

43:52

covered in massive several kilometre thick glaciers which have now

43:54

melted. Those Glaciers were immensely heavy, but

43:57

now the weight has been lifted, the crust is

43:59

springing back up. At. About twelve millimeters

44:01

a year like a memory foam

44:03

mattress in. however, until the clothes.

44:05

Million meters a year and. Middle

44:07

of February. Eleven. And

44:13

I was out of like

44:15

services favor of savagery. This

44:17

is a wonderful oil industry.

44:21

Underwhelmed however, until the crust fully rebound

44:23

from the weight of these glasses, Canada's

44:26

landscape is missing the image mass that

44:28

caused that shape. So for the time

44:30

being moving to Canada particularly to someone

44:32

in Hudson Bay remains in effect of

44:34

weight loss method didn't have a pasture,

44:36

The Uk. As well as was a

44:38

here I am we haven't I seen

44:40

that went as far down as pretty

44:42

much less known hedges and then it's

44:44

not there anymore and that's why it's

44:46

the Uk. Slightly slumps head and that's

44:48

why you get picked Cliffs y Del

44:50

for as if you got Markham for

44:52

instance is a really long. Beach

44:55

has been crushed down here. Are.

44:58

Not on the back right away. Over

45:00

millions of years it will do yeah

45:02

he can't bouncy castle on Isis say

45:04

it as this is from memory but

45:07

there's another Sigma I see just reminded

45:09

me of which is those a restaurant

45:11

in the was in Italy and I

45:13

think to to climate change it was

45:15

on a glazier from the place is

45:17

very very slowly moving but moving more

45:19

than you saw and they now think

45:22

that the restaurant might in Switzerland because

45:24

he was kind of the father. I'm

45:26

slowly my mahal Iraq. Amazing. This

45:28

of we should say so I see badly.

45:30

Didn't write this bit down, but one of

45:33

the big moments in this whole story of

45:35

this. Main facts about the i'm the Last

45:37

ice Age being responsible is there was one

45:39

person who stood up in front of the

45:42

academic community and said i think it's the

45:44

melting ice sheets I think that's what's diack

45:46

It was a proper He put it forward

45:48

as the I did everyone just when you

45:50

are nuts that's worse than the incest. I

45:53

didn't like it. was it hunts Mcmuffin Yes.

45:58

Sir Arthur. Okay,

46:05

it is time for a final fact

46:07

of the show and that is my

46:09

fact. My fact this week is that

46:12

during the reign of trolls, the second

46:14

women's dressing table tended to include both

46:16

face and nipple make up. While

46:19

yeah, so when you make every face

46:21

yeah, I'm no expert, but you're betting

46:23

on foundation and you put it on.

46:25

The front of a lot. Yeah, maybe. Sublet steaks

46:27

they call it Nips that. Nine

46:29

I should add. how are you making up

46:32

the nipple by as long as. The foundation

46:34

of the great. Question feels like a be a

46:36

foundation yeah more like a Sunday I do as

46:38

I layer or do as I lot of little

46:40

eyelashes around it. Kind of winking

46:43

within. that as well as a little

46:45

sunshine. yeah nice. I stick my get

46:47

a big red blob while yet announced

46:49

it will they needed a because the

46:51

same in a period where trolls the

46:54

second basically lower is it via the

46:56

cleavage line. He was very. Authentic

46:59

selves see that now that he's the king.

47:01

Oh yeah that's why he picked the named

47:03

Charles. His skin a star where he starts

47:05

getting at all and gently but he will

47:07

get me saw a salary goes up those

47:09

those lines said violent thing is is this

47:11

year. As an internet and then lately with

47:13

the well top oh yeah name is the

47:16

sort of like you know he was. He

47:18

came in he was very little Mary Margaret

47:20

was he yeah. Merry. Monica. yeah yeah

47:22

that right now has and he very early

47:24

been the sole see processor to Chinese after

47:27

dead from Williams Hi exactly be able to

47:29

see Mary have yet to see how that

47:31

and not a high bar but I'm genuinely

47:33

didn't seem like a bit of a go

47:35

of yeah and read and that's that. Just

47:37

screw this trend whereby if you're wearing course

47:39

it's and your nipple happened to peak over

47:42

sat with not a bad thing and then

47:44

suddenly everyone thought well at a lower the

47:46

cost of it let's get the boobs outlets

47:48

it and it was. You know, seeing an

47:50

ankle was far more. Scandalous and titillating

47:53

to a pervert than singing.

47:56

To antibodies because he didn't ask the

47:58

river. Right

48:03

to be. I'm too Lazy minutes.

48:05

Oh very nice. I

48:08

mean, it was still very raunchy,

48:10

on which. Is that it wasn't like he was. Going

48:12

around the so, sloshing a baby free

48:14

loaf of bread. It would still you

48:16

know there are painting we. Have a people

48:19

exposing breadth but they were

48:21

generally prostitute or actresses. Same

48:23

thing with Meant to the

48:25

holidays. Sincere. I'm very happy

48:27

I. Am

48:30

now going that route. As I was never

48:32

lets a host, the Oscars are such. As

48:35

it. Seems amazing By

48:37

the way, just before we just their own

48:40

Nell Gwyn I've I've never read about milk

48:42

with Iran's See Soon so Trump's a second

48:44

basically stipulated that when you're at the theater

48:46

and men who was in all the plays

48:48

playing women and should no longer be the

48:50

case should be women now playing women are

48:52

the with Margaret's use was the first woman.

48:54

So to sum up on stage and place

48:56

a woman in a play and then Nell

48:59

Gwyn he became very famous They met I'm

49:01

see was working in our and tells her

49:03

in Charles Missouri the basically See was working

49:05

outside the theater. Which was the Kings

49:07

Theater I'm And then she met this

49:09

guy who's called charles hearts are who

49:11

became known as troll for the first

49:14

to her arm and then he concedes.

49:16

With the heads of fun. And yeah, clever

49:18

as others to support him at named

49:20

him blue chew names haven't tried to

49:22

fail to see. got together the two

49:24

cousins yeah ditto the second which was

49:26

transaxle. so actually Charles seconds was a

49:28

third of them have a sort of

49:30

forty fast developing about Iraq one hundred

49:32

different don't yell on stay except for

49:34

see I see was i'm why know

49:36

about Mel Gwen is her mother was

49:38

prostitute and she was an orange salah.

49:41

I got my yep that's right ah

49:43

and then became an actor slush prostitutes

49:45

night I always think is very pygmalion.

49:47

As net though he thinks so much as I

49:49

very much may remember didn't hear any that many.

49:51

As you vary with see this is all these

49:53

anecdotes have made it through the said like the

49:55

one time she was going in a carriage through

49:57

the streets of those city and and the. were

50:00

furious because they thought that she was a

50:03

different mistress, they thought that she was the

50:05

Duchess of Portsmouth, and so they were yelling

50:07

at her going, you Catholic whore, you Catholic

50:09

whore, and she leaned out of the carriage

50:11

and she said, pray good people be civil,

50:13

I am the Protestant whore, not the Catholic.

50:16

That's clever. It's really witty. Rolled around laughing

50:18

at the time. But

50:20

anyway, so she was one of the people who got their waps out. And

50:23

we still have paintings of it from the

50:25

time. We do. And

50:28

yeah, it was a time. It was kind

50:30

of like the Roaring 20s, wasn't it? Because

50:32

it was post just for international listeners. It

50:35

was just after we'd had this like unpleasant

50:37

interregnum uptight. Following an already following an

50:39

unpleasant civil war. Yeah. Yeah. Everyone

50:41

was a bit tired of the unpleasantness. They weren't allowed to

50:44

have fun. The Puritans were all over them. And

50:46

then this period came in and everyone

50:48

loosened right up and people got really

50:51

into fashion and makeup. So women haven't

50:53

worn that much makeup. They've worn very

50:55

thick lead paint on their faces, often

50:57

as famously Queen Elizabeth did and may

50:59

have killed her. But other than that,

51:02

didn't really wear that much until now.

51:05

And it was a century of the

51:07

massive hoop skirt. When you see women

51:09

in these jolly skirts, they couldn't fit

51:11

through doors. That was

51:13

then. And I don't realise that the hoop skirts, people

51:15

took the piss out of them the moment they

51:17

appeared. And men kind of hated them. Men

51:20

just laughed at women for wearing them. You couldn't

51:22

see the ankles, could you? If

51:24

you're a purper. Yeah, they're very upset

51:26

about that. But

51:29

yeah, women stuck to them. And actually

51:31

they were. When you look at like

51:33

how they were made, you had much

51:35

more motion in them. Because basically they

51:37

involved this big whale bone kind of

51:39

giant umbrella sticking out from your waist.

51:42

But underneath you were just fully naked and free. So it

51:44

used to be that you'd be covering heavy petticoats all over

51:47

your legs and stuff. You could be doing river

51:49

dance under there. You could be doing anything. You

51:51

could be smuggling houses under there. But

51:54

they were quite sexy because if you bent over, you

51:56

did expose a bit of ankle. Oh,

51:59

right. Oh, really? If you really

52:01

bent over you could expose everything. Even

52:03

perverts would probably think that was a

52:05

bit much actually. The

52:07

waistcoat was invented by Charles II

52:09

on the 14th of October 1666.

52:12

Get out! Isn't that amazing

52:15

that we know when the idea of wearing

52:17

a suit and a waistcoat on that exact

52:19

date. Did he think

52:21

of it or did someone help him? His tailor invented

52:23

it. You know what, I mean he got the credit

52:25

in fairness but there will have been other people who

52:27

did a lot of the hard yards. There

52:31

were accusations that England was being dictated

52:33

to by France in lots of different

52:35

ways and they were saying that basically

52:37

not only that, everyone in court is

52:40

just copying French clothes and

52:42

Charles II was not very happy about this

52:44

and wanted to make a statement and said

52:46

okay we're going to invent a new thing,

52:48

we're going to all wear trousers, all wear

52:50

jackets, all wear waistcoats and they're going to

52:52

be made by English wool and

52:55

you're not allowed to wear your French fashion anymore, you

52:57

have to wear the English fashion and we know about

52:59

it because Peeps writes about it. So definitely

53:01

didn't happen. What year was

53:03

that? Sorry. 6066,

53:06

just after the fire. When again you think a

53:08

king with his head screwed on,

53:11

sorry Charles II that's probably been

53:14

invented, would have his mind on other

53:16

matters like recovering from the plague of

53:19

the fire. You

53:21

need distractions don't you? Political

53:24

distractions. Yeah it's true.

53:26

Peeps wrote that the king banned

53:28

pinking and the waistcoats because

53:31

he said that it made his people in

53:33

his court look like magpies. Pinking. What's pinking?

53:36

Pinking is where you get some cloth and

53:38

you make tiny holes in it to make

53:40

a pattern. Oh yeah. It's very

53:42

fashionable at the time but the king banned it.

53:44

It's probably bad for your insulation as well. Having

53:48

small holes. Well weirdly if

53:51

you wear like a string fast that's

53:53

just holes but actually it's supposed to

53:55

be very warm because it traps the

53:57

air. I mean if it was just

53:59

holes it would be nothing. wouldn't it? That sounds amusing,

54:01

but it's mostly old. It's definitely mostly old.

54:03

No, I get that. I've never worn a

54:05

string vest. You've amazed me. I

54:07

can't believe it, Andy. I

54:09

can only imagine you and your Christmas

54:11

holidays going down to Margate

54:14

Beach with a hankerchief around your head.

54:16

I go home, I climb off into the computer

54:18

tower. I take my string vest

54:21

on. Weirdly, even though women

54:23

were uncovering their boobies, they were

54:25

covering their faces at this time.

54:28

And this went in and out of fashion throughout

54:30

the 1600s and 1700s. Masks.

54:34

But masks that cover your whole face.

54:36

And they'd often have a little bead sewn

54:38

into the way your mouth was. So the

54:40

way you held them on was by keeping

54:43

the beads before your teeth. You bit them on.

54:45

Which added, apparently, an extra air of

54:47

mystery because you couldn't speak. So

54:50

you were a mute. Hello! That

54:53

was a very sexy way of speaking in those days. Hiya!

54:56

Hello! Isn't that weird? They

54:58

were called visards. Was it to

55:00

stop the sunshine from... Oh, good guess.

55:02

Because I've seen that in modern day

55:04

sometimes people would wear balaclavas, wouldn't they?

55:07

Stop the Great Plague, which was probably knocking about

55:09

a bit. Are there people wearing balaclavas? Are you

55:11

sure you haven't been robbed a number of times? Have

55:13

you gone... Ah, he's just trying to avoid getting

55:15

burned. I think you can see that

55:17

in some countries they'll wear these cloth-full

55:19

balaclavas. Yeah. I think there's something more

55:21

vales than balaclavas. I think I... I'm

55:23

thinking, you know, Pussy Riot War, those

55:25

things. Oh, yeah. I think I've seen

55:27

them. I might be wrong. Well, it

55:29

was for sun protection a lot of

55:31

the time, and initially. But then it

55:34

became a fashion which was unrelated to

55:36

sun protection, and it was to have

55:38

this air of virtue, or high-quality, high-breeding.

55:40

But would you have your boobs out at the same time? Oh,

55:42

yeah, yeah. Naked from the neck down. Oh, really? Unrecognisable.

55:45

No. Well, no, but you might do,

55:47

you know, because most people are recognisable by their faces, not by

55:49

their boobs. Yeah, and you're not going to admit to being the

55:51

man who recognises the woman just by her boobs, are you? No.

55:53

Not when you've gone to the theatre with your wife. Well,

55:56

Sally over there. What

55:59

is that story? I'm gonna really butcher

56:01

it. Can you tell it Andy? It's really good.

56:03

The it's in Oxford It's a men-only area in

56:05

Oxford. Yeah a bit of the river a swimming

56:08

area called Parsons pleasure I think

56:10

where only male dons or maybe undergraduates

56:12

would swim But they would swim naked and

56:15

one day there were three dogs there and some ladies

56:17

happened by they were you know They were surprised and

56:20

the dogs are all naked and to that They're

56:22

all very embarrassed and quickly, you know, two of

56:24

the dons grab their I'm a flannel or whatever

56:27

cover their their genitals And the

56:29

third don very calmly doesn't cover his genitals.

56:31

He covers his face and They

56:33

say what have you done that for Charles? And

56:36

he says well, I'm I'm not recognizable by

56:38

my genitals Fortunately,

56:42

they all heard of being called Charles Okay,

56:52

that's it that is all of our facts Thank you so

56:54

much for listening If you'd like to get in contact with

56:56

any of us about the things that we have said over

56:58

the course of this podcast We can

57:00

all be found on our social media accounts.

57:03

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57:13

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57:16

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57:19

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57:23

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57:28

yeah, if you want to get to us as a group Anna, where do they

57:30

go you can email Comm

57:32

or you can tweet out no such

57:34

thing. That's right or go to

57:37

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57:39

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57:41

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57:43

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57:45

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57:47

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57:49

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57:51

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57:53

back next week and we'll be back with another

57:55

episode then we'll see you then. Goodbye