The transformational potential of AAV gene therapies has been limited by challenges of delivering genetic material to the cells where they need to go, gene expression, immunity, and the complexity of manufacturing them. Apertura Gene Therapies is seeking to simultaneously engineering AAV capsids, genetic regulatory elements, and payloads to overcome these limitations. We spoke to Joseph La Barge, CEO of Apertura, about its platform technologies, how they work, and the potential for next-generation gene therapies to transcend the limits of first-generation AAV therapies.