Presenter: Professor Shakeel Qureshi, Consultant paediatric cardiologist at The Evelina Hospital

A review of how to confirm cyanosis, the important differentials to consider according to age, how to investigate such conditions and the typical presentation of these patients at diagnosis. Professor Qureshi discusses the pathophysiology of two major groups of cyanotic defects: 1) Tetralogy of Fallot and 2) common mixing defects (such as trucus arteriosus TAPVD, double inlet left ventricle, tricuspid atresia, pulmonary atresia and transposition of the great arteries).