0:09

the side door, a the podcast from the smithsonian

0:11

with support from prx i'm

0:13

lizzie peabody

0:26

it's beautiful morning for stroll

0:28

in the graph not , any

0:31

grass grass in front

0:33

of me as capitol the behind

0:35

me as me monument in

0:39

between is just huge

0:42

swaths of green

0:44

huge a big green

0:47

soft carpet if

0:49

, around that makes you want to kick off your

0:51

shoes

0:55

hello

0:56

fresh cut grass summertime takes me right

0:59

back to childhood summer evenings

1:01

when it stayed late after dinner and i

1:03

could go outside with my brothers and play

1:05

we come back in all sweaty and it's he from

1:08

humbling around and grass of our yard here

1:11

, america's front yard you'll find people

1:13

all summer long snapping photos

1:15

tossing frisbees thank you for reading

1:17

sunbathing sunbathing spite

1:19

of all the wear and tear it gets the

1:22

national mall is the poster

1:24

child for the all american lawn all

1:26

the same green all same height not

1:28

a weed inside weed

1:32

inside , needed that

1:36

but what does it take to

1:38

make lawn that looks so

1:41

perfect i

1:43

knew just you'd asked about this because just few

1:46

paces away

1:48

the past the carousel

1:55

a little fountain next to the castle

1:58

in through the gates the house

2:00

garden

2:03

behind the smithsonian tassels

2:05

he just a

2:08

death

2:10

snyder is the deputy director of smithsonian

2:12

garden but have also heard him

2:14

called the turf game and

2:16

one of the many patches of grass jeff reigns

2:18

over is the part hair

2:21

along so flawless

2:23

it officially too perfect to walk on

2:26

that can't stand in front of it

2:27

everyone wants santa from the parts hair get

2:29

a picture of their family of

2:31

with the castle the background so on that

2:34

that is kind of our kodak moment

2:36

for for visitors here the smithsonian

2:39

the picture perfect mon requires

2:41

a lot of work

2:43

her fears mowing and edging

2:45

or a rating which is punching holes

2:47

over seeding then we follow that

2:50

up with lawn fertilizer

2:52

the help grass grow and herbicides

2:54

to keep the wrong stuff from growing mainly

2:57

broadly weeds then

2:59

there's regular watering and then because the

3:01

moisture in

3:02

and we do do a few fungicide treatments

3:04

throughout the summer

3:06

just as to me to take the that nine hours

3:08

of work and seventy two thousand

3:11

gallons of water to keep part here

3:13

green year round and this

3:15

patch of lawn is only about as big

3:17

as big as

3:21

the

3:22

park hair is like it's own work

3:24

of art it's value lies

3:26

in how it makes you feel

3:30

the me it's kind of gives me a cooling

3:32

effect and a relaxing

3:35

effects mom just from

3:37

carpet agree

3:40

have thread about him outside

3:43

your africa yeah

3:52

americans do a lot for the

3:54

love of the lawn lawn extend

3:56

from maine to california to florida

3:58

including many places

4:01

the ground and each year american

4:04

stand twenty trillion

4:06

gallons of water amon care

4:10

it wouldn't america's largest crops but

4:13

doesn't feed

4:16

why do we go to all this trouble

4:18

for something doesn't make sense economically

4:21

or ecologically i'm

4:24

on side door we go digging

4:26

into the past to find out how the

4:28

aesthetic of the perfect lawn became

4:30

so deeply rooted

4:32

the american freaky see

4:35

that as historically and

4:38

today that coming

4:40

up after the break

4:50

door fans will appreciate that the story life

4:52

on earth is full of mysteries and

4:55

there's a podcast from pbs called aeons

4:57

mysteries of beep times that explores

4:59

best of them would

5:02

we even recognize the first dinosaurs we

5:04

found it and who was behind

5:06

the fraudulent fathers the so called

5:08

piltdown man

5:10

the podcast the covers what we know and

5:12

what we still don't know about natural

5:14

history you can listen to aeons

5:16

mysteries of the time where

5:18

ever you get your podcasts

5:24

the think the classic

5:26

american law and this is the image that comes

5:28

to mind a boxy little house with fit

5:30

walkway maybe some flowers along it

5:33

and infant a tidy square

5:35

as trim mean

5:38

image is so big into my

5:40

brain doesn't even feel

5:42

like a choice it feels like default setting

5:45

is default setting cindy

5:47

brown manager of collections education

5:49

and access at smithsonian gardens

5:51

and we often do things that we have no

5:54

idea why we still do

5:56

them

5:56

what made start doing that to

5:58

begin with

6:02

when we trace the origins of the american law

6:04

and we quickly find it's

6:06

not originally american

6:09

well he came from europe in

6:12

england and scotland lawns

6:14

were seen as an

6:16

elite part of your

6:19

estate

6:20

in europe grassy lines were status

6:23

symbol among the nobles and aristocrats as

6:25

seventeenth century because they

6:27

were intentionally impractical

6:30

think about it you had money

6:33

to be able to spend on something that

6:36

really didn't do anything for

6:38

you

6:39

the have a lawn was essentially to say

6:41

i have enough food that i don't need the

6:43

space for guard and rice and i have

6:45

enough money that can pay someone to take

6:48

care of it just because i

6:50

live a life of abundance exactly

6:53

this

6:53

one was purely

6:55

statement on you your

6:58

status in society

7:04

along with the british the lawn hops the

7:06

atlantic and even the american revolution

7:08

didn't start this i'm taking root among this new

7:10

country's elite if you are

7:13

trying to emulate

7:14

what's you think the

7:16

rich and powerful are doing would

7:18

ensue

7:19

rp how their estates look

7:21

george washington and thomas jefferson were like keep

7:23

your monarchies that will take

7:26

the green green grass please and

7:28

you so if you got him on a cello are you go

7:30

to mount vernon year the

7:32

ones you're gonna see that

7:34

green swaths that

7:36

sets off perfect

7:38

abode

7:39

the point in europe only the privileged could

7:41

afford lawns because all the time and work they

7:43

talk and who did work

7:46

the inflamed people were the

7:48

ones that would have to ten lawns

7:50

and use sides to cut by hand

7:53

though

7:53

in the early days of are nice and you'd really only sea

7:56

lions at the homes of wealthy landowners

7:58

slaveholders but that change

8:00

in mid eighteen hundreds when trolleys

8:03

and street cars made it easier to travel into

8:05

and out of cities the growing

8:07

middle class started to build homes and bigger

8:09

parts of land of land came to be

8:11

called the streetcar suburbs paint

8:13

a picture to meet the for me like that i don't

8:16

have a good mental image for the victorian

8:18

era suburban lawn go

8:21

look up andrew jackson down

8:24

andrew jackson downing

8:27

with a horticulturist author and

8:29

is widely considered to be the father

8:31

of american landscape probably

8:34

be better known today if hadn't died young and

8:36

steamboat accident that for

8:38

downing landscaping was about more

8:40

than projecting than certain image

8:42

it was about character he

8:44

believed a house is architecture and surroundings

8:47

could affect the and morals

8:50

of it's owners the

8:52

road when smiling loans

8:54

and tasteful cottages begin to him

8:56

the country we know that

8:58

order in culture or

9:04

in fact even wrote not

9:06

to show you if you had this size

9:08

property what could you do if

9:10

you had this style of house what could

9:12

you do i think of him the

9:15

early ninety's still as

9:17

he didn't put out books and

9:20

all his designs included

9:22

press

9:25

though if you're going to

9:27

be the in people you're

9:30

gonna follow along with that

9:34

downing envisioned yards that imitated

9:36

nature but improved on

9:38

it exotic trees replace

9:40

need one rare flowers

9:42

the replay common ones and he wrote

9:44

smooth tests instead

9:46

of wild meadow the speaking the presence

9:49

of tasteful and enlightened mind

9:52

the who don't want be tasteful and enlightened even

9:55

victorian era suburbanites had jones's

9:57

keep up with and he needed their loans

9:59

to reflect the innermost virtue and

10:01

intellect and that required

10:04

tools what did take to care

10:06

for lawns at that time because there there were no

10:08

lawnmowers in there were no hoses so how

10:10

did they do that brow actually dated

10:13

start to have mauer is and houses

10:15

very good because lawnmowers

10:18

the early law

10:19

nord started in of the

10:21

early eighteen hundreds and eighteen

10:23

thirty

10:24

the englishman patented the first mechanical

10:26

lawnmower it looked kinda like low

10:29

slung grocery cart made of

10:31

cast iron in other words

10:33

mary heavy and from eighteen

10:35

thirty onwards they just can't making

10:37

improvements upon the lawnmowers

10:40

there

10:40

was any number of designs

10:43

out there of lawn mowers they were even

10:45

ah i think our dog drawn more

10:47

i guess so people were

10:50

coming up with all kinds of ideas and terms

10:52

of making their lives easier

10:54

during connelly see the museum specialist

10:57

at the smithsonian the archives of a narrow the

10:59

gardens

11:00

she handed me an advertisement from eighteen ninety

11:02

seven wow peter henderson

11:05

and company new york one

11:07

that shows a man in a bowler hat

11:09

sitting on what looks like a flag

11:11

isn't that what kind like flagstone just

11:14

it reads the coldwell

11:16

improved horse lawnmower

11:19

we guarantee of to be the best and most perfect

11:21

horse lawnmower manufactured the

11:23

man is holding with and in front of him

11:26

in a way down and the

11:28

fine print states at the new

11:30

attachment for instantly raising the knives when

11:32

traveling along roads and stony places is

11:34

very convenient and sixty dollars

11:39

if equipment got better and better lawns became

11:41

increasingly affordable for more people

11:44

the tools were advertised in seed catalogues

11:47

and advances in color printing technology

11:49

made dreamy landscapes look even

11:51

more enticing than ever

11:54

the seed catalogues were a beautifully

11:56

illustrated this was before color

11:58

photography obviously in the

12:01

, for colorful

12:03

and homey they

12:06

really do you wind at it was almost

12:08

even desk what they were selling

12:11

one

12:11

ad for nineteen ten says woman and

12:13

an extravagant hats and floor

12:15

length white skirts pushing

12:18

a dainty mower there are no

12:20

grass clippings on her dress there's still

12:22

like the grass stains of the edge of her

12:24

handling this is clearly a fictional

12:27

depiction of birds and going along absolutely

12:30

or the or the seat come

12:32

the news were also responsible for pushing

12:34

on the idea of of law

12:36

then there was money to be made

12:39

so between equipment and

12:42

seeds supplies it was very

12:44

important

12:47

the early nineteen hundreds sprinklers

12:49

became widely available as well

12:51

because that amazing amount

12:53

of growth really does take lot of

12:55

water and a lotta nutrients to be

12:57

able to make it girls are native grasses

13:00

are not the same they grow and then they stop

13:02

and then that's it

13:03

then you brown says these turf grasses

13:06

like the concept of the law were imported

13:08

from the damper cooler climb that's of northern

13:10

europe they needed help surviving

13:12

and most of the us we had to adapt

13:15

the environment to match the

13:17

the we want exactly

13:19

pretty soon innovation would begin to change

13:22

the grass itself thanks

13:24

kill oh game the

13:27

game

13:28

get it you know horseshoes badminton

13:30

croquet and most

13:32

importantly the biggest game of

13:34

them all

13:43

in the ninety

13:44

twenty we had a golf

13:46

in crate

13:47

it was the thing to do it

13:49

affected what we planted how

13:52

that turf was around because

13:54

god is really hard on

13:56

terse sneered didn't hit by that

13:59

little stay yeah

14:06

so he us da

14:09

at the time created

14:11

as prefer grass to be

14:13

able to be planted on golf

14:15

course cinemas the us department of

14:17

agriculture yes

14:21

you won't be a worked with the us golf association

14:24

to develop hybrid grasses that would

14:26

stay green almost all year long

14:28

that is with the right chemical

14:30

products to support them

14:33

when we come back how envy

14:36

charity and wartime

14:39

the american law and to explosives

14:42

new

14:55

compelling stories from history to to

14:57

podcast called twelve years that shook the

14:59

world you'll hear in depth stories

15:01

about people during the holocaust like a young

15:03

german named hans soul who

15:05

and nineteen forty two upstart secret

15:07

resistance group to fight back against the nazi

15:09

regime the group richest thousands

15:11

of people with their message until one

15:13

day hands get caught through

15:15

the whole story on twelve years that

15:18

ship the world from the us holocaust

15:20

memorial museum look for it now on

15:22

your favorite ferguson

15:25

we're back and we're talking about the roots of

15:27

the american lawn a concept imported

15:29

from europe around time of the revolutionary

15:31

war there was another war

15:33

that made the perfect suburban lawn

15:36

quintessentially american

15:38

what did world war have

15:40

to do with growing grass that's

15:43

a really need question surprisingly

15:46

much

15:47

beer saw her is the curator of agriculture

15:49

and engineering at the smithsonian national

15:51

museum of american history he says

15:53

the thing that links war with grass

15:56

is nitrogen the primary

15:58

ingredient in

16:00

both explosives and nitrogen

16:02

fertilizers is ammonia

16:05

fix nitrogen

16:06

during world war one factories were making

16:08

a lot of bombs after the

16:10

war these factories where we purpose

16:13

instead of just letting all this equipment

16:15

technology sit idle old instead of producing

16:18

closes now you can produce fertilizer

16:20

for your front yard

16:22

you might say there with fertilizer explosion

16:25

a lot of bomb making factories the game fertilizer

16:27

factories and following world war

16:29

two there was a new market for this

16:31

fertilizer

16:33

that brings returning after world war two

16:35

took advantage government policies

16:37

like the g i bill to not just returned

16:39

school but also to buy homes

16:42

in ten years between nineteen forty six

16:44

and nineteen fifty six more americans

16:47

purchased homes than in the previous one

16:49

hundred and

16:49

fifty years new suburban communities

16:52

grew up almost overnight

16:56

five years ago this was a bass

16:58

checkerboard of the piddle farms are new york's

17:00

lone islands today with a

17:02

community of sixty thousand persons

17:04

living and fifteen thousand homes

17:07

and their by one from

17:10

levittown

17:11

he doing in eighteen forty seven the housing developer

17:13

eleven and sun's mass manufactured

17:16

home me

17:16

the head of household of it was that

17:18

levittown's begin to spring up first and

17:20

places like long island and then throughout

17:23

the country and what they are is essentially

17:25

it's mass manufactured homes

17:28

and housing complexes service by

17:30

not mass produce the elements but daughter

17:32

make up a house just as the auto

17:34

industry does with apartment go into a new car

17:37

levittown health can be built in a gay

17:40

and every single house had

17:42

lawn and be

17:44

the levitz decided that every house

17:46

needs to have lawn you now

17:48

i'm are starting the create a patterns

17:51

in all the other housing

17:53

developers that developers that after

17:57

the to wear that like many other housing

17:59

the

18:00

or the time would not sell homes

18:02

to african american families city

18:05

image they created of the new american

18:07

suburb has a white woman

18:09

and with help the new national highway system

18:12

these white suburban the claim

18:14

sprouted up across the country and

18:17

with them decision of the

18:19

model lawn

18:21

the value the home begins to get tied

18:23

with how beautiful looks on the outside

18:25

which means a bright green

18:29

yeah

18:31

americans in the victorian era had signaled

18:33

their moral virtues and cultured case

18:35

to the plan things in their yards americans

18:38

in the nineteen fifties where signaling to

18:41

road of perfectly trimmed front lawns

18:44

gave the impression of united well

18:46

kept homogenous community

18:49

all white with all green lawns

18:52

and

18:52

you're also starting see the

18:55

rises as rises as of

18:57

conformity right it's the cold war

18:59

no one wants to be labeled

19:02

a communist and in

19:04

order to be patriotic

19:06

american you need to be

19:08

like all your neighbors

19:11

americans knew that the tallest blade

19:13

of grass is the first to be cut in

19:15

in era of the red scare it could

19:17

be dangerous the

19:18

standout so you have

19:20

americans wanting to tow

19:23

, line and sort of participate

19:26

in and the american dream and what does

19:28

that look like that looks like you

19:31

know a barbecue on your beautiful

19:33

green front yard

19:36

your lawn said something about

19:38

who you were whether you

19:40

belong

19:41

citizenship yeah what

19:43

it means to have a lawn became

19:45

acquainted with what

19:47

it means to be american

19:55

americans had something to prove with their lawns

19:57

and a whole industry rose to the

20:00

then to satisfy that

20:03

weezer are common enemy plaguing

20:06

, homeowners homeowners

20:09

golf courses and are

20:11

tempers

20:12

financing forty seven ad for one of dow

20:14

chemicals new herbicides in

20:17

addition to the synthetic fertilizers that promised

20:19

explosive growth new chemical

20:21

herbicides could target specific

20:24

weeds with killing grass

20:26

making the first all grass or

20:28

mono culture long way to possible

20:31

the spread plants are dead

20:34

those were protected or of course

20:36

thriving management

20:40

a growing sweet

20:41

home improvement magazines drove home the

20:43

idea that the suburban homeowner master

20:46

of his domain with just one product

20:48

away from a golf course worthy long

20:50

that would be the envy of all his

20:52

very and so you're beginning

20:54

to see the industry

20:56

push for a certain kind of

20:58

lawn and then consumers

21:00

homeowners are in by

21:03

being bad ethos and

21:05

making it there are merely owning it

21:14

the forces set in motion over a century

21:16

ago cultivated by industry advertising

21:19

and social convention continue

21:21

to act on us they

21:23

lawn care is a sixty billion

21:25

dollar in history

21:27

that all grass all green all

21:29

american law and is more attainable than

21:32

ever thanks to a whole arsenal

21:34

of tools designed to keep our lawn the on

21:36

my keyboard we joked

21:38

that they're chemically dependent the

21:41

chemicals the panic because sylvia schmeichel

21:43

lead horticulturist at the smithsonian national

21:46

museum of natural history they need a

21:48

lot for lies they need a lot of water at

21:50

that mean sent me a lot mowing so

21:52

that means you need lot of fuel and then

21:54

you have other diseases and past

21:56

that you're trying to get rid of if you want

21:58

that perfect pristine

22:01

we now know that many of the fertilizers pesticides

22:03

developed in the postwar era or harmful

22:05

to humans and wildlife access

22:08

chemicals run into waterways damaging

22:10

ecosystems and killing millions of fish

22:12

and bird each year

22:14

and so i think it's important to

22:16

remember what you put on your site

22:18

doesn't necessarily stay on your site and is

22:20

has ah impacts your

22:22

grader at natural world silly

22:25

says the more perfect your lawn looks by

22:27

industry standards the worth

22:29

it likely is for the environment

22:32

the

22:32

world faith in climate change it's

22:34

worth asking what perfect looking lawn

22:37

actually says about us today

22:41

i want rolling then i have enrolled in

22:43

long while in

22:45

front of national museum of natural history sylvia

22:47

showing me a different and of

22:49

on recruiting the kid on

22:55

my but it went that yeah this

22:58

is a pony her lawn it's traditional

23:00

american mon is velvet carpets

23:02

than this is shag rug

23:04

what did it take to make polyester

23:06

loss so the difference is

23:09

that we have have

23:11

with for the higher threshold for

23:15

he the plans other than turf grass

23:17

okay so if we find clover

23:19

that's okay we leave the clover we

23:21

know that it provides next

23:23

year to the holidays

23:26

hi meter line is better for bees and

23:28

wasps and requires a lot less

23:30

work than an autograph lawn it

23:32

needs less water less fertilizer less

23:34

knowing and the mix of plant species

23:37

supports beneficial insects which

23:39

means no pesticides cities

23:41

agree like you're giving me permission

23:43

to have yeah the freemasons

23:46

procrastinate gray said

23:49

what procrastination is not an option

23:52

what , it is your job maintain

23:55

a perfect looking flaws that

23:58

on the pristine monoculture party

24:00

they're just snyder the turkey

24:02

himself has something there

24:04

are ways to have a beautiful grassy lawn

24:06

and minimize the impact to the

24:08

environment like would you advise for homeowners

24:11

that you're putting into practice here

24:14

sure so i'm about ten

24:16

years ago we switched from synthetic fertilizers

24:18

to an organic have faced

24:20

fertilizer so i would certainly suggests

24:23

add to the homeowner now that that adds

24:25

a little bit cost but i'm we

24:27

feel that it's worth it naturally but

24:29

also about ten years ago we we moved

24:31

away from gas powered equipment and

24:33

garden and specifically for our lawn

24:35

care

24:36

they just came uses battery powered

24:38

lawyers and tremors using solar charging

24:41

stations the garden the

24:43

rate we're not only

24:44

awful the defendant see of gasoline

24:46

books were also also electrical grid

24:50

that even you can't build a solar charging station

24:52

for your battery ramon equipments

24:54

there other ways to minimize your lawn footprint

24:57

big thing mow your grass as tall as you can

24:59

if you have a cool season grass

25:01

or there goes a long way to reducing the amount of

25:03

water that you need the other thing would

25:05

miss in his we irrigate here but that

25:07

doesn't mean has to irrigate at home

25:10

just as you don't have to water

25:12

it is fine to let your grass go

25:15

brown

25:15

just because it turned around doesn't mean is that

25:17

it just means it's gonna

25:20

sleep for a while and it'll come back i

25:22

don't realize that i figured if it was brown

25:24

it was gone no that

25:26

best friend of ours to go with plants that would naturally

25:28

grow in the region where you live which

25:30

depending on where that is may not be

25:32

glass at all

25:35

letting go

25:37

of the idea of the perfect line goes against

25:40

generations of messaging we've received

25:42

as americans that are lawns

25:44

reflect who we are and what we value

25:47

but it's worth taking look at where those ideas come

25:49

from and whether we want carry them

25:51

forward as beer saw us as

25:53

every single yard is piece

25:56

of a big

25:56

python anything

25:59

happening at such

26:00

large scale is

26:02

, have some negative impacts

26:04

and in this case you know year

26:06

long as and feeding the world so

26:09

what is your lawn doing that

26:12

justifies the costs associated

26:15

with it

26:20

american mine has always been about more than just

26:23

grass it's space we

26:25

create or we can play eat

26:27

lounge around with friends pads and family

26:30

we define what the look like

26:33

if you choice and

26:35

it's okay they choose

26:37

imperfection the

26:39

idea of a not having perfect law

26:41

and like it's it's okay to be imperfect

26:44

and does it mean that you are you

26:46

know about citizen are there goes the neighborhood

26:48

type situation it is it's a thoughtful

26:51

reconsidering of what the idea

26:53

of a want is

26:55

maybe being and engaged citizen can i

26:58

mean having having when

27:03

like air and fathers one or your

27:05

dad's

27:08

the new way of life rebelling

27:11

modern rabble has clover and their

27:13

lottery it has sex on

27:18

account

27:30

you must think a side door a podcast

27:32

on the smithsonian or it from pr act

27:35

you're wondering more about how to make the most of your

27:37

lawn we have more tips and tricks

27:40

and smithsonian gardens horticulturists

27:42

in our newsletter hello include

27:44

wait search for your nearest cooperative

27:46

extension service jeff

27:48

the turf kings snyder says cooperative

27:50

extension agencies the best place to go

27:53

for the latest research specific to your

27:55

grow

27:55

the median their the adverts i

27:57

would suggest any one that they go and

27:59

read the up at those sources

28:01

instead of relying on commercials

28:04

and sales pitches on fertilizers

28:06

and and other things

28:09

and you're interested in to pollinate family bond

28:11

that worried about what your neighbors might think

28:13

silliest my soul has advice one

28:16

having conversations with your neighbors if

28:18

they're like hey what's going on like while i'm doing

28:20

this on purpose i'm keeping

28:22

clean edges so ,

28:24

does look like it's maintain and snow and

28:26

like sometimes putting a sign up on that

28:28

say that this is a native habitat

28:30

this is pollinate friendly long news

28:34

you can subscribe as subscribe said edu

28:36

flash said this

28:39

weekend june thirtieth to july

28:41

fourth twenty twenty two the smithsonian

28:44

folklife festival is on the national mall

28:46

in collaboration with the smithsonian the earth

28:48

optimism initiative the

28:51

way to secretary lonnie bunch earth

28:53

optimism shows us how to find hope

28:55

in the face of odds that might seem overwhelming

28:58

it reminds us that change happens when they

29:00

focus on what work on

29:02

collaborate find solutions and

29:04

celebrate our successes

29:06

you're the area check out the festival

29:09

you can find out more

29:14

and if you're dc it all this summer tickle rambo

29:16

through the you need a helped garden behind

29:18

the smithsonian channel you can recharge

29:20

and say to the garden and even charge your phone

29:23

at solar charging stations and

29:25

if you have your own kodak moment with the part

29:27

hair tied us or on twitter

29:29

and instagram outside door pod

29:32

it'll make his episode finney brown just

29:35

snyder se myself to

29:37

with connelly kelly crawford game

29:39

gagliardi and rest of the wonderful

29:41

crew at smithsonian gardens thanks

29:44

also to beer saw her and for us to hell

29:46

they get they national museum of american history

29:49

our podcast team is james morrison

29:51

natalie boyd and can n and caitlin

29:54

schaefer cameo meal just

29:56

sadik lara koch and sharon brandt

29:59

episode artwork is

30:00

they've entered a chris support confirm

30:02

gave an agenda the that period maybe

30:05

eight hundred and eighteen and

30:07

the good music a they break master

30:09

cylinder

30:11

the one another so please email

30:13

sponsorship at at org

30:15

dot org

30:17

i'm your host movie keep any thank

30:19

you for listening and

30:22

, let your lawn and be

30:24

long

30:32

in

30:33

conformity the that it of

30:35

height and how easy it was to be

30:37

able to do a the game

30:39

of golf on it i'm so

30:42

they coffee to gay marriage when

30:44

he was a game of golf that's like something i would

30:46

hey isn't a golfer

30:48

yeah during the and

30:51

it was other games too so