0:06

The Destiny of America is

0:08

always safer in the hands of the

0:10

people than in the conference rooms of

0:12

any Elizabeth, you know. They

0:14

are unanimous in my

0:16

hate for me, and I

0:18

woke up the paper. We must

0:20

guard against the acquisition of unwanted

0:23

influence, whether it's shot or unshot. By

0:25

the military industrial company. So

0:27

much already, Rahul, with

0:30

sales Seder.

0:41

It is Monday, February

0:44

sixth two thousand twenty three,

0:46

my name is Sam Seder. This is the five

0:48

time award winning majority report. We

0:51

are broadcasting live, steps

0:54

from the industrial ravaged Gabbana's canal

0:56

in the heartland of America, downtown

0:59

Brooklyn, USA. On

1:01

the program today, Gary Orfield, professor

1:05

and co director of the civil rights project

1:07

at UCLA, author

1:10

of the walls around opportunity, the

1:13

failure of color blind policy

1:15

for higher education. Also

1:19

on the program today, massive seven

1:21

point eight earthquake in Turkey 3020

1:27

thousands dead and counting.

1:30

Meanwhile, US shoots down a Chinese

1:33

balloon off of Myrtle

1:35

Beach, South Carolina, Pentagon

1:39

reports, multiple balloons,

1:42

crossings happened during the Trump administration

1:44

as well. Yet, here

1:46

we all are. Napoleon

1:49

shows just thirty seven percent of Democrats want

1:51

Biden to run for reelection. DNC

1:55

moves South Carolina line at a first place in

1:57

the primaries, then New Hampshire and

1:59

Nevada, then Georgia,

2:02

then Michigan. States

2:07

passed legislation curbing drag

2:09

shows across the country. Ron

2:12

DeSantis is pulling liquor lights of

2:14

venues that hold drag shows, and

2:17

Florida meanwhile contemplates collecting

2:21

menstrual information

2:23

from female student athletes.

2:28

That's good. I mean, your periods are embarrassing

2:30

enough as is as a teenager, and I've got

2:32

to share it with the

2:33

state. There you go. Just making

2:35

sure you got him. Coke network

2:38

will actively support

2:40

a Trump primary challenge,

2:44

and a train derailment causes

2:46

evacuations in Ohio for

2:48

fear of hazardous material,

2:53

all this and more. On

2:56

today's majority report,

2:59

Welcome, ladies and gentlemen. It is

3:01

Monday Monday, fun day

3:03

as it were. Join

3:06

us here in the fun. Emma Vigland,

3:08

of course. Just asking you guys every

3:10

week. Yes. I'm

3:11

starting to think that Republicans are a little bit

3:13

obsessed with teenagers genitalia.

3:16

Well, I mean, this is

3:20

they are. I mean, you know,

3:22

this is a a if

3:24

you if

3:26

you believe like I do that the

3:28

Republican Party is at

3:31

least significantly, if

3:34

not, fundamentally and

3:36

primarily motivated

3:39

by religious

3:42

fundamentalism then, yeah,

3:45

they that is actually one of their primary

3:47

functions, making sure that

3:50

females you

3:52

know, that women

3:55

that they function to

3:58

provide babies and to be in

4:01

in the kitchen, and that's basically it.

4:03

So let's get to

4:05

some of these clips. We turned down your

4:07

microphone because we were picking up your

4:09

papers. Huge

4:14

natural disaster in

4:17

Turkey. Or

4:20

I should say earthquake that

4:22

has turned into a disaster. We

4:27

just have footage of an antique store, just

4:29

to give you a sense of what's going on in there.

4:31

But, I mean, if you've seen the footage of the devastation,

4:33

in

4:34

Turkey and in Syria. I

4:37

think at this point, what did you

4:39

say they're up to twenty five hundred

4:40

Twenty three hundred as of two hours ago,

4:43

but it's we just gotta say thousands because

4:45

it's gonna keep climbing. Right? It's gonna keep

4:47

climbing. And

4:49

they're just, you know, beginning to dig out

4:51

from the rubble. And I imagine

4:53

there's going to be aftershocks

4:56

too coming that are also gonna be

4:58

problematic. But just give you a sense

5:00

of what

5:02

really is amazing about this earthquake is

5:04

not only that it was seven point six

5:06

on the Richter scale, which is just

5:08

massive. But also how long

5:10

it lasts. This

5:12

is really nuts. You can see it in

5:14

this video here from I

5:17

guess, a CCD footage a

5:19

CCTV footage in the Nancy Teek

5:21

store in GaZENTEP,

5:24

Turkey. I

6:19

mean, it just gives you a sense of the

6:21

length of time that that was going on. I

6:23

think it was even actually went on a couple of

6:25

seconds longer than that. But

6:27

that's just extraordinary. And

6:29

the devastation is just massive, really

6:32

massive. So

6:36

So

6:36

over the next day or two, we will have

6:39

maybe some links for where

6:41

you can donate

6:43

if you're interested in

6:46

helping there, that is

6:48

really

6:49

just I mean, just

6:53

amazing. And there was an aftershock too.

6:55

Right? I would imagine. It's just that there's

6:58

always gonna be those after those kinds of

6:59

earthquakes, but it just it it

7:02

didn't didn't stop there. Howard Bauchner:

7:04

You know, doctors without borders

7:07

is is a good place to start, but

7:09

there's gonna be a lot more organizations that

7:11

are gonna be coming in

7:13

there to provide relief. And it's gonna be

7:15

thousands of people. Alright.

7:18

We in a moment,

7:20

we're gonna be talking to Gary Orfield, the professor,

7:22

co director of the civil rights project. That

7:25

UCLA author of the walls around

7:27

opportunity, the failure of color blind

7:29

policy for higher education. This

7:31

is a book that came out last year

7:34

spring of last year and

7:37

anticipating the Supreme Court's

7:42

looking at two different cases of affirmative

7:44

action. Those cases are gonna be resolved

7:46

in June. And people

7:49

need to start getting prepared for

7:53

more inequity

7:55

in our higher education programs.

7:57

And we're seeing this also you know, frankly,

7:59

on in in

8:02

in in K-twelve as well. But

8:05

this is this is going

8:07

to exacerbate that that problem.

8:09

But we'll be talking to him in a moment. Get a couple

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We are back. Sam Emma

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Vigland, on the majority report, On

12:58

the phone, we

13:01

have Gary Orfield, professor and

13:03

co director of the civil rights project

13:05

at UCLA Author. The

13:07

walls around the opportunity, the failure of

13:09

color blind policy for higher

13:11

education.

13:13

Professor, thanks for joining us.

13:16

Pleasure

13:16

to be with you. Let's start

13:18

in with the, I guess,

13:20

the the

13:23

failure. Of a color

13:25

blind policy. Give

13:28

us a sense of

13:29

just, like, what constitutes a a

13:31

failure? Like, what what are we trying to achieve

13:33

here?

13:35

Well, historically, in the United States

13:38

colleges, before the civil rights

13:40

revolution, we're virtually all

13:42

white. There's only a

13:44

token presence of

13:46

sense of color. In some

13:47

places, none at all.

13:48

That

13:50

So and that was considered a

13:52

color blind policy by the

13:54

colleges at that time.

13:57

Nothing really changed until the colleges

13:59

decided to change it, partially

14:02

because they were required to in the

14:04

south by the nineteen sixty four

14:06

Civil Rights Act

14:07

and in the rest of the country because

14:10

they decided to or were

14:12

pressured to by their

14:14

own students and communities. And

14:18

in order to get the colleges

14:20

significantly desegregated

14:23

or significantly diverse,

14:25

they had to consider race

14:27

because there was such systematically

14:29

unequal preparation that

14:31

they used the traditional standards

14:34

of recruit and admissions.

14:36

It wouldn't work.

14:40

Basically, that was the discovery of the civil

14:42

rights revolution in general. If

14:44

you just said we should not

14:46

discriminate in terms of voting

14:48

rights, nothing

14:51

changed. You had to actually require

14:53

it to change. You had to have a plan

14:55

to change it. That's what the colleges

14:58

discovered in the nineteen sixties.

15:00

When they began to become diverse

15:03

significantly. And since then, the

15:05

vast majority of selected

15:07

colleges have had race

15:09

conscious admissions at one farm or another. And

15:11

there have been a succession of

15:13

battles in the Supreme Court to

15:15

try to defend it or in

15:17

on the side of conservatives to

15:19

get rid of

15:19

it? One thing

15:22

I did not, I was not aware

15:24

of was that in the nineteen seventies,

15:27

The gap between

15:29

black and white students

15:31

at higher education relative to

15:33

their their population

15:37

in the country had

15:40

come close to

15:40

closing. I was not aware

15:43

of that. Yes.

15:45

Right around nineteen seventy

15:47

Seder, nineteen seventy eight. There

15:49

was a one time American history when

15:52

Students of color were equally as

15:54

likely to enroll in college as

15:56

white students. That

15:59

doesn't mean they graduated, but at

16:01

least they enrolled at

16:03

very very similar

16:04

levels. That was right around the

16:06

time of the supreme court decision. First,

16:08

supreme court affirmative action

16:10

decision in the back

16:12

of your case? Let's

16:14

go with the

16:17

walls to providing

16:21

for for these opportunities. I

16:23

mean, there's really, like, I guess,

16:25

three main ones that

16:27

you write about. Let's

16:30

talk about exclusion.

16:33

Yes. Well, the

16:36

history of higher education in the

16:38

US has been exclusion

16:40

before the civil rights revolution

16:42

and race conscious policies. Basically

16:47

colleges followed in an

16:49

emissions process, whether it was

16:51

explicitly racist as it was in seventeen

16:54

states where you had segregation by

16:57

law or in

16:59

fact racist

17:01

in terms of having requirements

17:03

that made no offense in terms of the unequal

17:06

preparation of students by race

17:08

regardless of what their native talent

17:10

might be. I'm

17:13

sorry. We're having a little bit of sound

17:16

problems here again. Sorry. The

17:19

let's talk about preparation

17:23

as a a wall as

17:24

well. Yes.

17:28

We think about higher education

17:30

and colleges often operate

17:33

in higher education as if all

17:35

students have a reasonable chance

17:37

to prepare. But the reality

17:39

is that schools

17:41

that serve areas

17:43

of concentrated poverty, which are

17:45

usually areas of

17:48

concentrated threshold, ethnic

17:51

segregation. Let's go through

17:53

almost never equal in terms

17:55

of preparation. They're not

17:57

equal in terms of the peer groups that the

17:59

students have, they're not equal in terms of

18:01

the experience. And

18:03

expertise of the teachers, they're not equal in terms of

18:05

the

18:05

curriculum, and they're certainly not equal

18:08

in terms of the

18:10

preparation for the

18:11

basic skills you need in a

18:14

competitive college, how to

18:16

think analytically, how to

18:17

write, how to do research and

18:20

so

18:20

forth. You just don't get those in

18:22

many schools that serve concentrated

18:25

poverty populations, which

18:28

lots of other problems that relate to

18:30

poverty and relate to really

18:32

disadvantaged communities. Let's

18:34

talk about cost. As

18:37

as a barrier. I

18:39

was I I also did

18:41

not realize the the

18:44

dramatic change from

18:47

essentially Reagan's entering

18:50

office to more or

18:52

less now in percentage

18:54

that Pell grants provided

18:57

for

18:58

education? Education. Yes. The

19:01

Pell was created. Go ahead of the

19:04

first exit

19:09

the first policy of to

19:11

access higher ed for poor

19:13

kids came in the middle

19:15

of the Johnson administration. By

19:17

the early seventies, it became the Pell grant

19:20

named after Center Pell from Rhode

19:22

Island. The Pell grant

19:24

was originally set up so that

19:26

it would pay the vast

19:29

majority of the cost of going to a public

19:31

four year college. Now

19:34

it pays less than a third.

19:36

And ever since

19:38

the conservative movement took

19:41

charge in the early 1980s, states

19:45

have cut their funding of higher

19:47

education, the public higher education where

19:49

most students go. And

19:52

they have dealt with

19:54

keeping colleges going by just

19:57

shifting the tax burden from the public

19:59

to the

20:00

And their

20:01

families. That just produced an enormous

20:04

escalation in the cost of college. And

20:07

without balancing

20:10

increase in resources through a Pell

20:12

grant and other forms of aid.

20:15

It leaves four kids in extreme

20:18

disadvantage. And many

20:20

don't even try to go to

20:21

colleges. They're quote fight for it.

20:24

They just look at the price and the family says forget it.

20:27

And so, like, where

20:30

are we now relative to

20:32

where we were in the seventies

20:34

and the wake of the

20:36

civil rights movement like

20:40

we we had said earlier that there

20:42

was at least a

20:45

semblance of parity

20:47

relative to you

20:50

know, higher education

20:53

as reflected, you

20:55

know, as a as a portion of

20:57

population. Where are we today in that regard?

21:01

Well, we are better

21:03

in terms of the percentage

21:05

of kids who start college,

21:08

it's not an equal percent but the

21:10

percentage of students of color who actually

21:13

start college if they finish high

21:15

school is high

21:17

now. The problem is many of them

21:19

start in a in two

21:21

years in college or

21:23

really weak college, and they they are

21:26

gone by the end of the year. So

21:28

they start college, but they get nothing out

21:30

of it except maybe a debt.

21:32

So in terms of

21:34

completion of college, all

21:38

groups have are

21:40

completing at a higher

21:41

level, but the gaps are actually

21:43

growing. And third

21:46

environment, the labor market for college

21:48

degrees, and not only that, but

21:50

for advanced college degrees

21:53

are increasingly demanding.

21:55

How did that growth track

21:58

with the preponderance

22:00

of student loans during

22:02

that time period also in

22:05

the growth of that

22:07

industry? Well, you know, the

22:09

idea of the Pell grant was

22:12

to give grant aid, not a

22:14

loan aid. The loan

22:17

business came in when

22:19

we shifted from really focusing on

22:21

for kids to focusing on middle class kids

22:24

as the cost of college went

22:26

up. So that was dealt

22:28

with by loans, which now received

22:30

more money from the federal government

22:32

and the Pell grants. The

22:35

loans, of course, just

22:37

mushroom, that's the cost of

22:39

college mushrooms and his family incomes didn't

22:42

mushroom. So we've

22:44

shifted from a policy that was

22:47

intended to keep tuition

22:49

low. The tuition was low in the

22:51

1970s. And now

22:54

we have high

22:56

tuition and the counterpart of that

22:58

is supposed to be high age. We now

23:00

have high tuition, low age,

23:03

and we have

23:04

enormously unequal family

23:07

incomes and unbelievably

23:09

unequal family wealth. Let's

23:14

talk about the two

23:17

cases that were

23:19

that are in front of the Supreme Court. At

23:21

this minute. One dealing with Harvard,

23:24

one dealing with the University

23:26

of North Carolina, brought

23:30

by SFFA, which

23:32

is a students

23:34

for fair admissions organization, right wing

23:37

organization that is looking to

23:43

to essentially quash,

23:46

what remains of

23:49

affirmative action in

23:53

admissions process and colleges, would

23:55

you walk us through what the implications

23:58

of of these going

24:00

away will be. And

24:02

and and then we we will talk about

24:04

some of the suggestions that you have

24:06

in the book to to

24:08

deal with this problem?

24:10

So what

24:12

we're dealing with in the supreme court and

24:14

Harvard and UNC cases

24:17

now are essentially the

24:19

same issues that the Supreme Court dealt

24:21

with in the Michigan case in two

24:23

thousand three and in the in

24:25

the two cases from the University of

24:28

Texas.

24:28

The only thing that's changed and the

24:30

same group is finding. It's a

24:33

conservative organization that has a lot of

24:35

black money. And they can't

24:37

even and they're trying to not

24:39

what they added focus is

24:42

they're trying to divide students of

24:44

color by saying Asian

24:46

students are being disadvantaged by

24:48

affirmative action at Harvard.

24:52

But the only difference the

24:54

only thing has changed is the rake and justices.

24:57

So even though they lost

24:59

the same case, twice in the

25:01

tier Texas cases, the Fisher

25:03

cases. They're back again

25:05

because they think they have the

25:07

votes. So the implications

25:09

of these things are

25:10

that you take the affirmative

25:13

action policies, which

25:15

are basically voluntary policies

25:18

decided on by the great majority of

25:20

selective colleges in the United States

25:22

as necessary. To

25:24

produce even a semblance of

25:26

diversity. And what

25:28

they would do is to make

25:30

all of those voluntary policies

25:33

to integrate their campuses illegal

25:35

and

25:35

unconstitutional. And for bid

25:38

colleges to do things that

25:40

they had been prays we're doing

25:42

and even required to do for

25:45

us half century. And

25:48

all of a sudden, everything

25:51

that was raised conscious. If it's a sweeping decision,

25:53

we don't know what it'll be. But if

25:55

it's a really broad decision, almost everything

25:58

that would be a raised conscious would be

26:00

subject to attack right

26:02

away in half of our states

26:04

that are controlled by extremely conservative

26:07

governments. It's very

26:09

unlikely that anything much would

26:11

survive. In other places, it would

26:13

be a very complex

26:15

situation that we've experienced here in California now

26:17

since the 1990s since we've had

26:19

an affirmative action ban.

26:23

So

26:23

what let's assume for

26:25

a moment that that's gonna happen because I think

26:27

it's a pretty safe

26:28

assumption. If I was a betting

26:31

person, it would just be a

26:31

question of to what degree will

26:35

colleges be inhibited

26:38

from considering

26:40

race at all in the

26:42

sort of multiple elements

26:44

that they consider when they're talking

26:47

about admissions ranging from what high school you

26:49

went to? What what

26:53

Seder parity for the most part and

26:55

I mean, just a half a dozen, if not a dozen

26:58

of these things, factors that they look

27:00

at when they decided mission.

27:02

But let's assume for the the

27:04

sake of argument that the supreme

27:06

court rules that that is in some

27:08

way unconstitutional. What

27:10

what then? I mean,

27:13

what their I

27:15

know you have a host of ideas

27:17

as

27:17

to, like, what what we need to do? What

27:19

what would some of

27:20

them be? Well,

27:22

one of them is we shouldn't give up

27:24

on this. We should keep fighting because there isn't

27:26

going to be a really good alternative.

27:28

In terms of the alternatives that you can

27:31

work on, we should

27:33

certainly work on the financial issue. Which

27:36

is a huge barrier to even

27:38

fully qualified students of color who

27:40

can meet normal admission

27:41

standards. They don't go

27:43

because of their family financial situation.

27:45

We should have guarantees

27:48

for at least the first year or two

27:50

of college. For kids who are

27:52

highly qualified from really

27:54

disadvantaged backgrounds. Now

27:56

there's a lot of students of color

27:59

who aren't from extremely

28:01

disadvantaged backgrounds, but have

28:03

been discriminated against because of

28:05

residential segregation and because of what

28:07

happens inside of schools. They

28:09

would not. It's really hard to think of

28:11

a way to reach them directly.

28:13

If we concentrate on

28:15

high poverty neighborhoods, with

28:18

-- and students who have lived

28:20

with long term poverty,

28:22

we're going to get a minority pop

28:24

population, but they're going to be in high schools

28:26

that haven't prepared them. In terms of

28:29

preparing kids in high schools, what we

28:31

have to do is we have to

28:33

create honest regard

28:35

precolleged courses and very

28:38

disadvantaged schools where there aren't that

28:40

many students who are prepared to

28:41

take them. We have to be ready to pay to

28:44

run those anyway or we have to be

28:46

prepared to transfer

28:48

students to places where there is a path to

28:51

college. We need more

28:53

magnet schools operated

28:55

under policies that actually reach out

28:57

to and enroll really

29:00

disadvantaged students and students of

29:02

color systematically. We need

29:04

to think about other

29:07

aspects of inequality that will

29:09

be legal to consider. We

29:11

will be in the ironic situation

29:13

that the only thing you can't consider

29:15

is considering race,

29:18

which of course is necessary to

29:20

change race. The Supreme

29:22

Court recognized that fifty years ago.

29:25

But we can rank we could consider native

29:27

language, for example. We consider

29:30

bilingualism as an asset for getting

29:32

into college. We could consider a number of things

29:34

that would help some groups,

29:36

especially it's easier to think about

29:38

things that would help

29:41

diversity for Latino

29:44

students, for example. So

29:46

think the most serious problems

29:48

are for black and native Americans.

29:50

You don't have anything that's a

29:52

relative proxy there that

29:54

except for poverty and poverty doesn't work

29:56

very well if you combine poverty

29:58

with admissions requirements. We

30:01

have a lot of evidence to show that it's

30:03

just not adequate and that it excludes a

30:05

lot of talented students of

30:07

color. We could

30:09

think about more dual enrollment

30:12

programs so

30:13

that we would have students from

30:16

really bad high schools enrolls

30:18

in community college

30:19

courses, for example. We do a

30:21

lot of that now, but it tends to be the

30:24

more advantaged students that take

30:26

advantage of those programs. We

30:28

need to get students from really isolated areas

30:31

onto campus somehow or

30:33

other periods. And

30:36

encourage them about going to college.

30:39

We desperately need academic

30:41

support for transition to college

30:44

from for students who've been denied decent high

30:45

school. And we're

30:48

setting up where what

30:51

like, These are all I mean,

30:53

they they all sound like a

30:55

good suite of policies. But where where

30:57

do these get implemented? So, I mean,

30:59

we're talking about on one hand,

31:01

we're talking about, like, high school reform.

31:04

And on one

31:07

hand, we're talking about providing

31:10

free college opportunities. Because

31:13

all of this, I guess, is like you just there's

31:16

no there's no one big

31:18

solution. There's just gonna have be a tiny

31:20

bunch of of of of bites

31:22

and nibbles around this problem because

31:25

the primary tool that

31:28

we have had as a society

31:30

over the past fifty, sixty years is about to

31:32

go away. So a

31:35

lot of these things

31:36

happen. Thinking about yeah. We should be thinking

31:38

about federal higher education

31:41

policy in light of anything

31:43

that's gonna happen with the Supreme

31:44

Court. And

31:45

the problem, we shouldn't be thinking just

31:48

about forgiving student

31:50

loans, which I favor, which is but this

31:52

is a very expensive policy and doesn't do

31:54

anything for students haven't gone to college

31:56

yet or never went to

31:57

college. So we need to think about

31:59

really

32:00

raising the telegraph. But what

32:02

about what about, I mean, if I

32:05

mean, you know, and I suggest

32:07

this, I mean, without sort of because we're

32:09

not sort of like contemplating the

32:12

the the

32:14

political I guess,

32:17

chances of any of these things happening necessarily,

32:19

but wouldn't a free college option

32:21

in every state

32:24

essentially achieve that

32:28

most efficiently? It

32:31

wouldn't be adequate by itself. We had free college in

32:34

California for a long time. You know, the

32:36

City University of New York had

32:38

free college. For

32:40

generations before the city

32:42

went bankrupt in the

32:43

1970s. Free

32:46

college is a really good idea, but

32:48

it's not enough because still have the preparation problem and

32:50

you have the support problem

32:53

for

32:53

kids who go to college,

32:56

you have to live while you're in

32:58

college. So you have

33:00

to have some resources from

33:02

somewhere in addition to

33:04

no tuition. And if

33:06

you have free college, you'd be eating a lot of

33:09

students who really don't need

33:11

it as well. So it would be

33:13

incredibly expensive. So you have to

33:15

think about targeting these

33:16

programs? Or

33:17

you have to think

33:20

about getting a gigantic increase

33:22

in resources going into

33:24

higher education? Higher education has

33:26

done really badly in terms

33:28

of state resources since

33:31

the

33:31

1980s. Higher

33:32

education as a as a as a

33:35

as a private institution or as a

33:37

public institution?

33:39

Public institution have

33:41

done really badly in terms of

33:43

the level of resources

33:46

per

33:46

student. The state governments have provided Right. I see. So

33:48

there's been cutbacks on the state level.

33:51

Major cutbacks. The share

33:53

of the cost of public hire

33:55

education that's paid for by the public has

33:57

gone way

33:57

down. Here in UCLA,

34:01

for example, the

34:03

state of California provides

34:05

less than a chance of the cost of

34:07

operating our

34:08

university. Alright.

34:10

Well, and and so

34:14

what would you do first? I mean,

34:16

let's putting putting aside sort of

34:18

like the the chances of it

34:21

happening

34:21

politically. I mean, I I, you

34:23

know, the

34:24

I don't think there's gonna

34:26

be as much of a problem with

34:28

people going to university who

34:31

don't need to as

34:33

you might. But, and

34:36

I think one of the problems that

34:38

we've seen with with targeting this money is that

34:41

it becomes extremely politically

34:44

vulnerable. There's a reason

34:46

why we have seen over

34:48

the course

34:49

of, I guess,

34:51

it is fifty years. A

34:54

fifty percent plus reduction in

34:56

the amount that Pell grants cover.

34:58

And that's because it was targeted.

35:03

That's my that's my

35:05

story. It's targeted in terms

35:08

of race, it's targeted in terms

35:10

of poverty. But

35:12

the best thing to do would be to have

35:14

free college and support

35:17

systems and adequate preparation

35:20

in high school, it would be

35:21

terrific. It would be incredibly

35:24

expensive. Just

35:26

thinking about for

35:28

giving part of the debt from

35:30

the last generation of mismanaged

35:33

policy has such a large

35:35

cost, of course, that it's being sued

35:37

and prevented in courts around the

35:39

country thinking about actually

35:42

going

35:43

to much more massive public funding of the

35:45

basic functions of college would be

35:48

make a

35:48

lot of sense for the future of our society,

35:51

but it would require new

35:54

resources that don't exist now and they

35:56

would

35:56

have to

35:57

be available on a

36:00

sustained basis.

36:01

I'd be

36:01

completely in favor of that if it

36:04

could be done with our

36:06

existing political

36:07

system, very

36:10

unlikely. Well, Gary

36:14

Orfield, professor, co director of the

36:16

civil rights project at

36:17

UCLA. Well,

36:18

can you guys just add one thing? Sure.

36:20

I think the first thing people should do, people

36:22

in higher education, if the leadership of higher education

36:25

should say two things, if

36:27

this case is lost,

36:30

just It should say we're not going to end this. We

36:32

are going to find a way and we

36:34

are going to work with the communities of color

36:36

in in our communities and

36:40

our faculty in our student body, and

36:42

we're going to do everything

36:44

that we can legally do.

36:47

To make sure we don't go backwards

36:50

into a really unacceptable

36:52

situation. We're only the privilege to

36:54

get

36:55

the chance

36:55

for the higher education that our

36:57

economy demands. I really

36:59

think some signals like that are going

37:01

to be very important

37:03

if there is a sweeping decision, it's going

37:05

to be incredibly disheartening.

37:08

I I couldn't agree more. The

37:10

book is the walls around opportunity, the

37:13

failure of color blind policy for

37:15

higher

37:15

education. Gary Orfield, thanks so much for your time

37:18

today. Really appreciate

37:19

it. Good to be with

37:20

you. I'm sorry for this snare food. No

37:22

problem. Alright.

37:22

Thank you.

37:23

Thanks. Bye bye. Thank

37:25

you. Alright. Folks,

37:28

Gonna take a quick break, head into the a

37:30

fun half of the program today. Gonna head in

37:32

a little bit early. We will be

37:36

talking about balloon

37:38

boy or whatever whatever we're calling

37:41

it now flying

37:43

over the country. And

37:46

and more But just reminder, it's your support that makes the show possible. You become

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So check it out. Become a member.

38:31

Join the majority don't forget just coffee dot co op,

38:33

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38:40

Emma,

38:40

what's happening? What happened to the Nets? Oh, yeah. Well, I actually

38:43

think they won that trade. We'll get into

38:45

that in a little bit. On

38:48

ESPN. We'll talk about the Kyrie Irving trade, some

38:51

other rumblings ahead of the

38:53

NBA trade trade deadline also

38:56

we'll we'll do a a deep dive into Brady's retirement. I'm

38:58

a known Brady Hater, but there's some things

39:00

of course I have to give credit for.

39:03

What are some of the best comebacks and, like, moments of his

39:06

career. I think we'll get into that. And then Jason

39:08

Miles will be joining us if

39:10

this is

39:12

revolution, he wants to yell at me about two among other things, and

39:14

then that's what we'll be doing. So youtube dot

39:16

com slash g s fan show. Hard to

39:20

give Tom Brady credit? No. It's not hard I mean, it's just,

39:22

you know yeah. The first three Super Bowls who's

39:24

carried by a defensive performance just kinda had

39:26

to manage the

39:27

game. And that No. It

39:29

was just a coincidence

39:30

for the next three. No. No.

39:31

I'm not saying. I'm not saying. There was a

39:33

coincidence. Just saying it's like alright. What

39:35

a coincidence? Yeah. Anyways,

39:38

also Matt is out of town,

39:40

but left reckoning

39:41

continues. You check that

39:42

out -- Yeah.

39:43

-- tomorrow. Check

39:43

that out tomorrow night. Alright. 646257

39:46

thirty nine twenty will see you in the fun half.

39:49

You are in for it. Alright, folks.

39:52

646257 thirty nine twenty. See

39:54

you in the fun.

40:01

Are you ready? Alpha males

40:11

are back. Back, back, back, boy, back, and

40:14

the alpha males are back,

40:16

back. Just as delicious as

40:18

you could imagine, the alpha males

40:20

are back. Back,

40:22

back, back, boy, back,

40:24

and the alpha males are back,

40:26

back, back. Just wanna degrade

40:28

the white man. Alpha males

40:30

are back. Back. I

40:32

have to kick out of the

40:34

micron. Albert males are back,

40:36

back, back, back, back.

40:38

Snorkelling says what? The Albert

40:40

males are And the alpha

40:42

males are back. Back.

40:45

Oh, no. Sam Cedar.

40:47

What up. Whoa. What a fucking

40:49

nightmare. Nightmare. Yeah. Or a couple of them

40:51

just put them in

40:52

rotation. DG down. Well, the problem with those

40:55

is they're, like, forty five seconds

40:57

long, so I don't know if there are no people

40:59

to break. That's fucking

41:02

enough. See why people though are

41:04

drugs that look worse than normal white people,

41:06

not white people look disgusted on

41:08

the alpha males cycle.

41:13

Snorkel egg

41:16

says what? What? What? What? What?

41:18

What? What? What? What?

41:21

What?

41:22

What? What? What? What? What?

41:25

A hell of a lot

41:28

of back. A

41:30

hell of a lot

41:33

of back.

41:33

Okay? I'm making stupid money. Oh,

41:35

how about how about a lot

41:37

of

41:37

back? How about

41:40

a lot of back? All

41:46

lives matter. Have

41:48

you tried doing an impression

41:51

on a college

41:51

campus. I I

41:53

think that there's no reason

41:55

why reasonable people across the divide can't

41:57

all agree with this. Psych.

42:00

And the alpha males are back,

42:02

back, back, back, back,

42:04

back, back, and the Africa are

42:06

black, black, black,

42:08

black, black, Black African and the alpha males are black,

42:10

black, black, black, black,

42:12

black and the Africa are black,

42:15

black, black, black, See Donald Trump out

42:17

there doesn't a little party you think that America deserves to be

42:19

taken over by jihadists. Keep it at

42:21

one hundred. Can knock the

42:24

hustle.

42:25

Come out. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle.

42:28

Buckle.

42:28

Buckle. Buckle. Buckle.

42:31

Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle.

42:32

Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. Buckle. It's my birthday.

42:35

Africa

42:35

for a Toyota major boy. I

42:37

have a thought experiment for you. And

42:39

the alpha males are back,

42:41

back, Africa are

42:44

black, black, Alfa males are black black

42:46

Africa. Come on. Come

42:48

on. Come on. Come

42:50

on. What? Come on. Someone

42:53

needs to pay the price of plasma around here.