Here is a summary of the key points from the 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of endocarditis:

• Prevention: People at high risk of endocarditis should take steps to prevent it, such as taking antibiotics before dental procedures.
• Diagnosis: The diagnosis of endocarditis is based on a combination of clinical features, blood cultures, and imaging studies.
• Antimicrobial therapy: The duration of antibiotic treatment depends on whether the infection is native valve endocarditis (NVE) or prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE).
• Indications for surgery: Surgery may be indicated in patients with endocarditis who have heart failure, uncontrolled infection, or a high risk of emboli.
• Other complications of IE: IE can also lead to other complications, such as neurological problems, infective aneurysms, and myocarditis.
• Surgical therapy: Surgery may be necessary to treat complications of IE, such as heart failure or uncontrolled infection.
• Outcome after discharge: Patients treated for IE should remain under close surveillance for long-term complications.
• Patient-centered care: A recovery plan should be developed for patients treated for IE, considering their individual needs.
• Sex differences: Female sex is less common in patients diagnosed with IE.

Link to Reference article: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad193

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